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Recent Advances in Deciphering the Mechanisms and Biological Functions of DNA Demethylation

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 645-651页

作者： Yang Feng sheng-jun chen Bi-Feng Yuan Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational R&D Center for Aquatic Product ProcessingSouth China Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong510300 China School of Public Health Research Center of Public HealthRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430071 China

5-Methylcytosine (5mC) is a dynamic and reversible epigenetic modification in genomic DNA of higher *** has been well-established that the demethylation of 5mC occurs through the ten-eleven translocation (TET)-mediated oxidation of 5mC followed by thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG)-initiated base excision repair (BER).Recent findings also have identified an alternative pathway of DNA *** this pathway,TET enzymes directly oxidize 5mC to form 5-formylcytosine (5fC) or 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC).These modified bases can undergo direct deformylation or decarboxylation,***,DNA demethylation can also occur through the deamination of 5mC and 5hmC,resulting in the production of thymine and 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU),*** DNA demethylation pathways possess critical functional implications and roles in biological *** Recent Advances article will focus on the studies of mechanisms and biological functions of DNA demethylation,shedding light on the reversible nature of the epigenetic modification of 5mC.

关键词： Epigenetics DNA DNA methylation 5-Methylcytosine Demethylation Mechanisms Biological functions C—C bond cleavage Mass spectrometry

Dynamic deformylation of 5-formylcytosine and decarboxylation of 5-carboxylcytosine during differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into mouse neurons

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第11期35卷 278-283页

作者： Yang Feng Yang-Qing Tian Yong-Qiang Zhao sheng-jun chen Bi-Feng Yuan Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsNational R&D Center for Aquatic Product ProcessingSouth China Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesGuangzhou 510300China Department of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Public HealthResearch Center of Public HealthRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China College of Veterinary Medicine Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650000China

Regulation of cell fate requires the establishment and erasure of 5-methylcytosine(5mC) in genomic *** formation of 5mC is achieved by DNA cytosine methyltransferases(DNMTs),whereas the removal of5mC can be accomplished by various *** from ten-eleven translocation(TET)-mediated oxidation of 5mC followed by thymine DNA glycosylase(TDG)-initiated base excision repair(BER),the direct deformylation of 5-formylcytosine(5fC) and decarboxylation of 5-carboxylcytosine(5caC) have also been discovered as the novel DNA demethylation *** these novel demethylation pathways have been identified in stem cells and somatic cells,their precise roles in regulating cell fate remain ***,we differentiate mouse embryonic stem cells(mESCs) into mouse embryoid bodies(mEBs),followed by further differentiation into mouse neural stem cells(mNSCs) and finally into mouse neurons(mNeurons).During this sequential differentiation process,we employ probe molecules,namely2'-fluorinated 5-formylcytidine(F-5fC) and 2'-fluorinated 5-carboxyldeoxycytidine(F-5caC),for metabolic *** results of mass spectrometry(MS) analysis demonstrate the deformylation and decarboxylation activities are progressively decreased and increased respectively during differentiation process,and this opposite demethylation tendency is not associated with DNMTs and TETs.

关键词： Metabolic labeling Mass spectrometry DNA demethylation Deformylation Decarboxylation C-C cleavage Mouse embryonic stem cells Differentiation

大口径紧缩场中板间缝隙对静区特性影响的分析

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北京邮电大学学报 2016年第5期39卷 78-82页

作者：王君波姚远俞俊生陈晓东北京邮电大学电子工程学院北京100876

为了研究大口径反射镜紧缩场系统中板间缝隙对静区特性的影响,先采用空域法进行分析,根据空域仿真结果选择合适的拼接方式,并以此方式再进行时域和角域仿真.时域和角域中可做到主波与干扰波的分离,比较不同观察点的时域图和不同观察平... 详细信息

为了研究大口径反射镜紧缩场系统中板间缝隙对静区特性的影响,先采用空域法进行分析,根据空域仿真结果选择合适的拼接方式,并以此方式再进行时域和角域仿真.时域和角域中可做到主波与干扰波的分离,比较不同观察点的时域图和不同观察平面的角域图中的干扰波,最后得到较理想的静区范围.这种分析方法对于分析大型紧缩场中板间缝隙对静区特性的影响是有效的.

关键词：大口径反射镜紧缩场缝隙空域时域

Targeting cholesterol trafficking to mitigate axonal degeneration in hereditary spastic paraplegia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1397-1398页

作者： Zhenyu chen Xue-jun Li Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Illinois College of Medicine RockfordRockfordILUSA Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Axonal degeneration underlies many debilitating diseases including hereditary spastic paraplegia(HSP),a genetically and clinically diverse group of disorders characterized by spasticity and weakness of the lower *** is one significant cause of chronic neurodisability due to the lack of effective treatments and a wide range of onset ages from early childhood to 70 years.

关键词： degeneration diseases hereditary

基于FPN的水下机器人智能控制中的协调级规划

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机器人 2001年第4期23卷 289-293页

作者：索胜军陈伟边信黔哈尔滨工程大学动力工程系哈尔滨150006

针对海洋空间对接水下机器人作业过程用常规方法难以控制的情况 ,引入了分层递阶智能控制方法 ;将模糊推理规则与佩特里网相结合的 FPN(Fuzzy Petri Net)用于水下机器人分层递阶智能控制的协调级规划中 ,使它能更好的反映出控制过程的... 详细信息

针对海洋空间对接水下机器人作业过程用常规方法难以控制的情况 ,引入了分层递阶智能控制方法 ;将模糊推理规则与佩特里网相结合的 FPN(Fuzzy Petri Net)用于水下机器人分层递阶智能控制的协调级规划中 ,使它能更好的反映出控制过程的事件驱动、时间驱动和模糊信息等特性 .

关键词：智能控制水下机器人协调级规划 FPN 模糊推理规则

From waste to wealth:Coal tar residue derived carbon materials as low-cost anodes for potassium-ion batteries

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 464-475页

作者： Zhonghua Lu jun Shen Xin Zhang Lingcong Chao Liang chen Ding Zhang Tao Wei Shoudong Xu College of Chemical Engineering and Technology Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China College of Chemistry Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy Wuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China School of Energy and Power Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China

Carbon materials are widely recognized as highly promising electrode materials for various energy storage system *** tar residues(CTR),as a type of carbon-rich solid waste with high value-added utilization,are crucially important for the development of a more sustainable *** this study,we employed a straightforward direct carbonization method within the temperature range of 700-1000℃to convert the worthless solid waste CTR into economically valuable carbon materials as anodes for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs).The effect of carbonization temperature on the microstructure and the potassium ions storage properties of CTR-derived carbons(CTRCs)were systematically explored by structural and morphological characterization,alongside electrochemical performances *** on the co-regulation between the turbine layers,crystal structure,pore structure,functional groups,and electrical conductivity of CTR-derived carbon carbonized at 900℃(CTRC-900H),the electrode material with high reversible capacity of 265.6m Ah·g^(-1)at 50 m A·g^(-1),a desirable cycling stability with 93.8%capacity retention even after 100 cycles,and the remarkable rate performance for PIBs were ***,cyclic voltammetry(CV)at different scan rates and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)have been employed to explore the potassium ions storage mechanism and electrochemical kinetics of *** indicate that the electrode behavior is predominantly governed by surface-induced capacitive processes,particularly under high current densities,with the potassium storage mechanism characterized by an“adsorption-weak intercalation”*** work highlights the potential of CTR-based carbon as a promising electrode material category suitable for high-performance PIBs electrodes,while also provides valuable insights into the new avenues for the high value-added utilization of CTR.

关键词： coal tar residue carbon materials anode potassium-ion batteries high value-added

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 enhances discharge activity of cortical neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 548-556页

作者： Zhihui Ren Tian Li Xueer Liu Zelin Zhang Xiaoxuan chen Weiqiang chen Kangsheng Li Jiangtao sheng Department of Microbiology and Immunology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular ImmunopathologyShantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1)has been extensively studied for its pleiotropic effects on central nervous system *** neuroprotective or neurotoxic effects of TGF-β1 in specific brain areas may depend on the pathological process and cell types ***-gated sodium channels(VGSCs)are essential ion channels for the generation of action potentials in neurons,and are involved in various neuroexcitation-related ***,the effects of TGF-β1 on the functional properties of VGSCs and firing properties in cortical neurons remain *** this study,we investigated the effects of TGF-β1 on VGSC function and firing properties in primary cortical neurons from *** found that TGF-β1 increased VGSC current density in a dose-and time-dependent manner,which was attributable to the upregulation of Nav1.3 *** VGSC current density and Nav1.3 expression were significantly abolished by preincubation with inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase(PD98059),p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(SB203580),and jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2 inhibitor(SP600125).Interestingly,TGF-β1 significantly increased the firing threshold of action potentials but did not change their firing rate in cortical *** findings suggest that TGF-β1 can increase Nav1.3 expression through activation of the ERK1/2-JNK-MAPK pathway,which leads to a decrease in the firing threshold of action potentials in cortical neurons under pathological ***,this contributes to the occurrence and progression of neuroexcitatory-related diseases of the central nervous system.

关键词： central nervous system cortical neurons ERK firing properties JNK Nav1.3 p38 transforming growth factor-beta 1 traumatic brain injury voltage-gated sodium currents

Mechanistic insight into the synergy between nickel single atoms and nanoparticles on N-doped carbon for electroreduction of CO2

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 327-336页

作者： Mingdong Sun Wenwen Guan Cailing chen Chao Wu Xiaoling Liu Biao Meng Tao chen Yu Han jun Wang Shibo Xi Yu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research) College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University

The synergy of single atoms （SAs） and nanoparticles （NPs） has demonstrated great potential in promoting the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction （CO2RR）;however,the rationalization of the SAs/NPs proportion remains one challenge for the catalyst ***,a Ni2+-loaded porous poly（ionic liquids）(PIL) precursor synthesized through the free radical self-polymerization of the ionic liquid monomer,1-allyl-3-vinylimidazolium chloride,was pyrolyzed to prepare the Ni,N co-doped carbon materials,in which the proportion of Ni SAs and NPs could be facilely modulated by controlling the annealing *** catalyst Ni-NC-1000 with a moderate proportion of Ni SAs and NPs exhibited high efficiency in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2into *** Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure （XANES） spectra and theoretical calculations were conducted to gain insight into the synergy of Ni SAs and *** charge transfer from Ni NPs to the surrounding carbon layer and then to the Ni SAs resulted in the electron-enriched Ni SAs active *** the electroreduction of CO2,the coexistence of Ni SAs and NPs strengthened the CO2activation and the affinity towards the key intermediate of*COOH,lowering the free energy for the potential-determining*CO2→*COOH step,and therefore promoted the catalysis efficiency.

关键词： Single atom catalyst Synergy effect Carbon catalyst Electrocatalysis

Plasmonic tandem heterojunctions enable high-efficiency charge transfer for broad spectrum photocatalytic hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 710-720页

作者： Wenxuan chen Xiu-Qing Qiao Guo Hui Bojing Sun Dongfang Hou Meidi Wang Xueqian Wu Tao Wu Dong-sheng Li College of Materials and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials China Three Gorges University Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory College of Chemistry and Materials Science and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Coordination Chemistry Jinan University

Rational engineering of semiconductor photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen production is of great significance but still challenging,primarily due to the limitations in charge transfer ***,a fascinating plasmonic tandem heterojunction with the hc-CdS/Mo2C@C heterostructure is aimfully prepared for effectively promoting the charge separation kinetics of the CdS photocatalyst via the synergistic strategy of phase junction,Schottky junction,and photothermal *** difference in atomic configuration between cubic-CdS （c-CdS） and hexagonal-CdS （h-CdS） leads to effective charge separation through a typical Ⅱ charge transfer mechanism,and plasmonic Schottky junction further extracts the electrons in the hc-CdS phase junction to realize gradient charge ***,the photothermal effect of Mo2C@C helps to expand the light absorption,accelerate charge transfer kinetics,and reduce the hydrogen evolution energy *** carbon layer provides a fast channel for charge transfer and protects the photocatalyst from *** a result,the optimized hc-CMC photocatalyst exhibits a significantly high photocatalytic H2production activity of 28.63 mmol/g/h and apparent quantum efficiency of 61.8%,surpassing most of the reported *** study provides a feasible strategy to enhance the charge transfer kinetics and photocatalytic activity of CdS by constructing plasmonic tandem heterogeneous junctions.

关键词： Heterojunctions LSPR Photocatalyst Phase junction Schottky junction Photothermal effect