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Do brood parasitic Common Cuckoos develop brood patches during the breeding season?

Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 363-368页

作者： jun-seo go Hae-Ni Kim Sue-Jeong Jin Myeong-Chan Cha Heesoo Lee Jin-Won Lee Korea Institute of Ornithology&Department of Biology Kyung Hee University02447SeoulRepublic of Korea Bird Research SaeZiP 12504YangpyeongRepublic of Korea

Many birds develop brood patches on their ventral apterium under hormonal regulation to effectively transmit body heat to eggs during *** developed patch has several characteristics,including de-feathering,vascularization,and ***,little is known about whether avian brood parasites that do not incubate their eggs exhibit brood patch development during the breeding *** this study,we measured the size of the ventral apterium in 114 Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus)captured in the field throughout the breeding season and examined the appearance of the ventral apterium to confirm the development of brood *** also examined whether morphological traits and various factors correlated with the size of the ventral apterium(sternal apterium and abdominal apterium)and how it changed during the breeding *** found no clear signs of brood patch development in Common Cuckoos captured throughout the breeding season,indicating that they likely did not develop brood patches on the ventral apterium during this *** also found that ventral apterium size was positively correlated with wing length and body *** addition,Common Cuckoos with newly growing feathers on the boundary of the ventral apterium with pteryla were frequently observed as seasons progressed to the *** conclusion,Common Cuckoos exhibit neither brood patch development nor the vestigial characteristics of ancestral brood patches,except for the growth of feathers on boundary the ventral *** studies examining brood patches across different groups of avian brood parasites are valuable for enhancing our understanding of the developmental and physiological adaptations of avian brood parasites.

关键词： Brood parasitism Brood patch Common Cuckoo Pterylosis Re-feathering Ventral apterium

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A novel method to collect sperm from brood parasitic cuckoos:Urodeum stimulation(UroS)method

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 298-303页

作者： Heesoo Lee Hae-Ni Kim jun-seo go Myeong-Chan Cha seongho Yun Sue-Jeong Jin Jin-Won Lee Jeong-Chil Yoo Korea Institute of Ornithology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea Department of Biology Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul02447Republic of Korea

Sperm competition has been studied in numerous species as a representative example of postcopulatory sexual selection,where sampling sperm from male is the most basic and important *** collection can be tricky in birds,however,because unlike mammals,the genitals of birds are generally latent in the cloacal region and their characteristics vary among *** methods to collect sperm from different birds have been tested,such as cloacal massage,feces collection,and electro-stimulation,but their applicability varies depending on *** this study,we introduced the urodeum stimulation method(UroS method)to collect sperm from Cuculus cuckoos,such as the Common Cuckoo(***).These species are expected to have interesting patterns of pair bonding and sperm competition because of their unique breeding strategy called brood parasitism;however,it remains *** this study,we described the application of our new method to expel semen from male common cuckoos,measured the volume of semen collected,checked the presence of sperm in the semen sample,and finally estimated its success rate among 82 *** were successfully collected from 76 cuckoos(approximately 93%)and the colors and volumes of the samples were very *** was present in 43 of these samples(57%),showing a sperm observation rate approximately twice as high as that of the conventional cloacal massage *** believe that this novel method will contribute to a better understanding of postcopulatory sexual selection in avian brood parasites and facilitate the process of sperm collection and artificial insemination in other medium-sized birds.

关键词： Brood parasitism Cuculus cuckoos Semen collection Sexual selection Sperm competition

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RUFY4 deletion prevents pathological bone loss by blocking endo-lysosomal trafficking of osteoclasts

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 407-420页

作者： Minhee Kim Jin Hee Park Miyeon go Nawon Lee Jeongin seo Hana Lee Doyong Kim Hyunil Ha Taesoo Kim Myeong seon Jeong Suree Kim Taesoo Kim Han Sung Kim Dongmin Kang Hyunbo Shim Soo Young Lee Department of Life Science Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea The Research Center for Cellular Homeostasis Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea Department of Biomedical Engineering Yonsei UniversityWonju 26493South Korea KM Convergence Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon 34054South Korea Chuncheon Center Korea Basic Science InstituteChuncheon 24341South Korea Fluorescence Core Imaging Center and Bioimaging Data Curation Center Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea Multitasking Macrophage Research Center Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760South Korea

Mature osteoclasts degrade bone matrix by exocytosis of active proteases from secretory lysosomes through a ruffled ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying lysosomal trafficking and secretion in osteoclasts remain largely ***,we show with GeneChip analysis that RUN and FYVE domain-containing protein 4(RUFY4)is strongly upregulated during *** lacking Rufy4 exhibited a high trabecular bone mass phenotype with abnormalities in osteoclast function in ***,deleting Rufy4 did not affect osteoclast differentiation,but inhibited bone-resorbing activity due to disruption in the acidic maturation of secondary lysosomes,their trafficking to the membrane,and their secretion of cathepsin K into the extracellular ***,RUFY4 promotes late endosome-lysosome fusion by acting as an adaptor protein between Rab7 on late endosomes and LAMP2 on primary ***,Rufy4-deficient mice were highly protected from lipopolysaccharide-and ovariectomy-induced bone ***,RUFY4 plays as a new regulator in osteoclast activity by mediating endo-lysosomal trafficking and have a potential to be specific target for therapies against bone-loss diseases such as osteoporosis.

关键词： osteoclast inhibited traffic

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Interfacial engineering through lead binding using crown ethers in perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 263-270页

作者： Sun-Ju Kim YeonJu Kim Ramesh Kumar Chitumalla Gayoung Ham Thanh-Danh Nguyen Joonkyung Jang Hyojung Cha Jovana Milić jun-Ho Yum Kevin Sivula Ji-Youn seo Department of Nano Fusion Technology Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Optoelectronic Nanomaterials Institute of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)1015 LausanneSwitzerland Department of Energy Convergence and Climate Change Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energy Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Adolphe Merkle Institute University of FribourgCH-1700 FribourgSwitzerland

In the domain of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the imperative to reconcile impressive photovoltaic performance with lead-related issue and environmental stability has driven innovative *** study pioneers an approach that not only rectifies lead leakage but also places paramount importance on the attainment of rigorous interfacial *** ethers,notably benzo-18-crown-6-ether(B18C6),were strategically integrated at the perovskite-hole transport material *** ethers exhibit a dual role:efficiently sequestering and immobilizing Pb^(2+)ions through host-guest complexation and simultaneously establishing a robust interfacial passivation *** crown ether candidates,guided by density functional theory(DFT)calculations,demonstrated proficiency in binding Pb2+ions and optimizing interfacial *** devices incorporating these materials achieved exceptional power conversion efficiency(PCE),notably 21.7%for B18C6,underscoring their efficacy in lead binding and interfacial *** techniques,including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS),ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy(UPS),time-resolved photoluminescence(TRPL),and transient absorption spectroscopy(TAS),unequivocally affirmed Pb^(2+)ion capture and suppression of non-radiative ***,these PSCs maintained efficiency even after enduring 300 h of exposure to 85%relative *** research underscores the transformative potential of crown ethers,simultaneously addressing lead binding and stringent interfacial passivation for sustainable PSCs poised to commercialize and advance renewable energy applications.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Interfacial passivation Crown ether materials Stability

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DEM investigation of strength and critical state behaviours of granular materials under true triaxial loadings

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 198-212页

作者： Minyi Zhu Guobin gong jun Xia Stephen Wilkinson Department of Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversityChina Department of Civil Engineering and Industrial Design University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences University of Wollongong in DubaiUnited Arab Emirates

This paper investigates the strength and critical state(CS)behaviours of granular materials via DEM simulations of true triaxial drained tests under three different loading modes including constant b(in-termediate stress ratio)tests with constantσ'1(major principal stress),constant p(mean pressure)and constantσ'3(minor principal stress)*** this end,a series of samples are generated with the same particle size distribution,and with the confining stresses ranging from 100 kPa to 900 *** CS is achieved for all *** the macroscopic behaviours and the microscopic behaviours are examined and compared considering different loading modes,confining stresses and intermediate stress ratios(b).The critical state lines(CSLs)are found to be unique and independent of the loading modes,but dependent on the b *** CSLs with b=0 and b=1 form the two boundaries of CSLs respectively beyond which CSLs under all other b tests cannot go *** different strength criteria are examined and compared in terms of both peak and CS *** Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion is found to be only suitable for axisymmetric loading *** Lade-Duncan criterion is only suitable for describing peak strengths,which is dependent on the loading modes and confining *** Satake criterion and Matsuoka-Nakai criterion are the more appropriate strength criteria for describing CS failures,indicating that the CS values of both the Satake parameter and the Matsuoka-Nakai parameter describe an inherent property that characterizes the CS failure for a given type of *** CS mechanical coordination number is fitted by a curved line for a given b value,which is unique regardless of the loading *** peak and CS values of both major and minor principal fabric tensors decrease with increasing b values,while they increase with increasing b values for the intermediate principal fabric tensor.

关键词： Discrete element method Intermediate stress ratio Dilation Critical state Failure criterion

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A quantum-enhanced magnetometer using a single high-spin nucleus in silicon

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 110-115页

作者： Tao Xin Ke Zhang jun Li Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Bundesallee 10038116 BraunschweigGermany Institute of Quantum Precision Measurement State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous IntegrationShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Quantum enhanced metrology has the potential to go beyond the standard quantum limit and eventually to the ultimate Heisenberg *** particular,quantum probes prepared in nonclassical coherent states have recently been recognized as a useful resource for ***,there has been considerable interest in constructing magnetic quantum sensors that combine high resolution and high ***,we explore a nanoscale magnetometer with quantum-enhanced sensitivity,based on 123Sb(I=7/2)nuclear spin doped in silicon,that takes advantage of techniques of spin-squeezing and coherent *** the optimal squeezed initial state,the magnetic field sensitivity may be expected to approach 6 aT·Hz^(−1/2)·cm^(−3/2) and 603 nT·Hz^(−1/2) at the single-spin *** magnetic sensor may provide a novel sensitive and high-resolution route to microscopic mapping of magnetic fields as well as other applications.

关键词： quantum magnetometer silicon quantum qubit nuclear electrical resonance

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Paeoniflorin,the Main Monomer Component of Paeonia lactiflora,Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Properties in Osteoarthritis Synovial Inflammation

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第5期30卷 433-442页

作者： CHEN Pu ZHOU jun RUAN An-min MA Yu-feng WANG Qing-fu Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated HospitalBeijing 100029China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510120China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Beijing Longfu HospitalBeijing 100010China

Objective:To explore the mechanism of paeoniflorin(PF)on osteoarthritis(OA)synovial inflammation from network pharmacology to experimental ***:Targets of OA were constructed by detecting the database of network database platforms(Therapeutic Target database,Drug Bank and Gene Cards),and the targets of PF were constructed by Pub Chem and Herbal Ingredients'Targets *** Ontology(go)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis of these co-targeted genes were conducted via Database for Annotation,Visualization,and Integrated Discovery(DAVID)database,and protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks were conducted via the search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes(STRING)*** counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay was performed to assess the potential toxicity of PF on human OA fibroblast-like synoviocytes(FLS),quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(q PCR),enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and Western blot were used to verify the potential mechanism of PF in synovial ***:Twenty-six co-targeted genes were *** enrichment results showed that these co-targeted genes were most likely localized in the cytoplasm,and the biological processes mainly involved'cellular response to hypoxia''lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-mediated signaling pathway'and'positive regulation of gene expression'.KEGG pathway analysis indicated that these co-targeted genes may function through pathways associated with'hypoxia-inducible factor-1(HIF-1)signaling pathway'and'tumornecrosis factor(TNF)signaling pathway'.The PPI network showed that the top 3 hub genes were TP53,TNF,and *** docking results showed that PF was well docking with ***-8 showed no potential toxicity of 10,20 and 50μmol/L PF on human OA *** PF significantly decreased the expression levels of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,TNF-αmatrix metalloproteinase 13(MMP13),and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5(ADAMTS5)and TNF

关键词： paeoniflorin osteoarthritis synovial inflammation tumor necrosis factor-α network pharmacology Paeonia lactiflora

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Magnetic NiFe_(2)O_(4)@FeNi_(3)core-shell nanospheres derived from FeNi-LDH precursor anchoring on rgo nanosheets for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第4期171卷 101-114页

作者： Kunyao Cao Yuan Fang Shuai Wang Yue Zhang Jiayue Wen jun Chen Rui Zhao Weidong Xue School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

Graphene has been extensively utilized in the domain of electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption ma-terials because of its excellent electrical ***,the inferior impedance matching per-formance and the single loss mechanism vastly restrict the ***,it’s an effective strat-egy to solve these issues by introducing magnetic ***,layer double hydroxide(LDH)is an appropriate template to obtain magnetic component *** that ferromagnetic met-als such as Fe,Co,Ni,and their corresponding metal oxides are usually treated as magnetic compo-nents which are promising candidates for EMW absorption ***,in this work,a FeNi-layered double hydroxide-reduced graphene oxide(FeNi-LDH-rgo)aerogel was synthesized through a series of processes such as electrostatic self-assembly,hydrothermal,freeze-drying,and *** magnetic NiFe_(2)O_(4)@FeNi_(3)core-shell nanospheres were obtained from FeNi-LDH precursor,anchoring on rgo nanosheets after the annealing ***,the effects of different mass ratios of LDH to go as well as different annealing temperatures of LDH-rgo aerogel on the EMW absorption prop-erty and impedance matching performance were *** a consequence,the fabricated ultralight 600LDH-rgo 2:1 aerogel shows a broad effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 7.04 GHz at a thickness of 2.3 mm with a low filling content of only 6 wt%and a low density of 4.4 mg/cm^(3).In conclusion,the synthetic LDH-rgo aerogels offer an effective strategy for preparing EMW absorption materials that own three-dimensional porous network structure and unique magnetic NiFe_(2)O_(4)@FeNi_(3)core-shell struc-ture nanospheres.

关键词： Electrostatic self-assembly Electromagnetic wave absorption LDH-rgo aerogel Layered double hydroxide Reduced graphene oxide NiFe_(2)O_(4)@FeNi_(3)core-shell structure

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2D–3D dual carbon layer confined ultrasmall VN nanoparticles for improving lithium-ion storage in hybrid capacitors

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 65-75页

作者： Zhao-Wei Hu Hui-Fang Li Peng Wang Wan-Li Wang Lei Yang Xiao-jun Wang Zhi-Ming Liu College of Electromechanical Engineering Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Preparation and Application of High-Performance Carbon-MaterialsQingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdao 266061China Research Center for Intelligent and Wearable Technology College of Textiles and ClothingQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs) of achieving high power and energy density have garnered significant attention. However, the kinetics unbalance between anode and cathode can impede the application of LICs. Vanadium nitride(VN) with a high theoretical specific capacity(~ 1200 m Ah·g^(-1)) is a better pseudocapacitive anode to match the response of cathode in LICs. However, the insertion/extraction of Li-ions in VN's operation results in significant volume expansion. Herein, the VN/N-r go-5composite that three-dimentional(3D) dicyandiamidederived-carbon(DDC) tightly wrapped VN quantum dots(VN QDTs) on two-dimentional(2D) reduced graphene oxid(r go) was prepared by a facile strategy. The VN QDTs can reduce ion diffusion length and improve charge transfer kinetics. The 2D r go as a template provides support for nanoparticle dispersion and improves electrical conductivity. The 3D DDC tightly encapsulated with VN QDTs mitigates agglomeration of VN particles as well as volume expansion. Correspondingly, the LICs with VN/Nr go-5 composite as anode and activated carbon(AC) as cathode were fabricated, which exhibits a high energy density and power density. Such strategy provides a perspective for improving the electrochemical properties of LIC anode materials by suppressing volume expansion and enhancing conductivity.

关键词： Vanadium nitride(VN)quantum dots Reduced graphene oxide(rgo)nanosheets Dicyandiamide-derived-carbon 2D–3D dual carbon layer Lithium-ion capacitors

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Mechanism of Mingjing Granules in Treating Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 22-32页

作者： Xiao-Yu Li Li-Na Liang Wei-jun Zhang Yun Gao Qiang Chen Eye Function Laboratory Eye HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina China Evidence-Based Medicine Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine BeijingChina Center for East-West Medicine UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCAUSA

Objective:To analyze the potential mechanism of Mingjing granules in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration(wAMD)based on the research methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking approach and to provide a new reference for the currently limited treatment of *** and Methods:We searched TCMSP,GeneCards,OMIM,PharmGkb,TTD,and DrugBank database to screen the main active ingredients of Mingjing granules and their therapeutic targets of *** network of active components and targets was constructed using Cytoscape3.6.1 software,which was also used for the topological analysis of target *** network of Protein-Protein Interactions(PPI)was mapped using the String *** also used R language to do the Gene Ontology(go)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway for additional *** docking studies were finished by Chemoffice,Autodock,and ***,the efficacy of the Mingjing granules was examined in animal experiments,in which we used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to the contents of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)levels in peripheral ***:Active compounds,including quercetin,lignocaine,and kaempferol,were *** network analysis showed that tumor necrosis factor(TNF),MMP-9,epidermal growth factor(EGF),prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2),and caspase-3(CASP3)were related to both Mingjing granules and *** and KEGG pathway analysis showed that these targets were mainly involving lipids and atherosclerosis,TNF,and interleukin-17(IL-17)signaling *** studies suggested that quercetin and luteolin can fit in the binding pocket of four target proteins(CASP3,EGF,PTGS2,and TNF).In the vivo experiment,the Mingjing granules were found to be effective on the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in peripheral ***:This study initially reveals the multi-constituent,multi-target,and multi-pathway mechanism of action of Ming

关键词： Experimental verification Mingjing granules molecular docking network pharmacology wet age-related macular degeneration

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