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Processes of coastal ecosystem carbon sequestration and approaches for increasing carbon sink

Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第5期60卷 809-820页

作者： ZHANG Yao ZHAO MeiXun CUI Qiu FAN wei QI JiaGuo CHEN Ying ZHANG YongYu GAO KunShan FAN JingFeng WANG GuangYi YAN ChongLing LU HaoLiang luo Yawei ZHANG ZiLian ZHENG Qiang XIAO wei JIAO NianZhi State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science Xiamen 361100 China Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266101 China Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China Ocean College Zhejiang University Zhoushan 316021 China National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center Dalian 116023 China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300387 China College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen University Xiamen 361100 China

The oceans are the largest carbon pools on Earth, and play the role of a "buffer" in climate change. Blue carbon, the carbon(mainly organic carbon) captured by marine ecosystems, is one of the important mechanisms of marine carbon *** carbon was initially recognized only in the form of visible coastal plant carbon sequestration. In fact, microorganisms(phytoplankton, bacteria, archaea, viruses, and protozoa), which did not receive much attention in the past, account for more than 90% of the total marine biomass and are the main contributors to blue carbon. Chinese coastal seas, equivalent to 1/3 of China's total land area, have a huge carbon sink potential needing urgently research and development. In this paper, we focus on the processes and mechanisms of coastal ocean's carbon sequestration and the approaches for increasing that sequestration. We discuss the structures of coastal ecosystems, the processes of carbon cycle, and the mechanisms of carbon sequestration. Using the evolution of coastal ocean's carbon sinks in sedimentary records over geologic times, we also discuss the possible effects of natural processes and anthropogenic activities on marine carbon sinks. Finally, we discuss the prospect of using carbon sequestration engineering for increasing coastal ocean's carbon storage capacity.

关键词： Coastal ocean's carbon sink Mechanism for increasing carbon sink Microorganism Climate change

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Design of an Invisible Radome by Frequency Selective Surfaces Loaded withLumped Resistors

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第6期30卷 94-97页

作者： LIU Li-Guo LI You-Quan MENG Qing-Zhi WU wei-wei MO Jin-jun FU Yun-Qi YUAN Nai-Chang College of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073 Air Force Early Warning Academy Wuhan 430019 Special Operations University Guangzhou 510500

A novel radome is presented,which is transparent at operating frequency and is invisible out of *** order to prevent reflection of the incoming power,frequency selective surfaces loaded with the lumped resistors are *** obtain the pass-band properties in lower frequencies,the convoluted slots are *** comparison with the results obtained both by full wave analysis and by the measurements,the performance of the radome is *** performs with high transmission characteristics in band,and broadband absorbing properties out of band *** oblique incidences are also investigated for both transmission coefficients and reflection ones.

关键词： transparent utilized absorbing

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Optical sensing in condition monitoring of gas insulated apparatus:a review

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High Voltage 2019年第4期4卷 259-270页

作者： Hong-yang Zhou Guo-ming Ma Yuan Wang wei-qi Qin jun Jiang Chao Yan Cheng-rong Li North China Electric Power University Beinong Road#2BeijingPeople's Republic of China Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics No.169 Sheng Tai West RoadNanjingPeople's Republic of China Princeton University PrincetonState of New JerseyUSA

Health monitoring of gas insulated apparatus is critical to improve the reliability and to reduce the life cycle *** the various methods for monitoring,optical sensing developed fast in recent years due to their highly sensitive and antielectromagnetic interference *** study reviews the optical monitoring methods for partial discharge,gas concentration and temperature of gas insulted *** addition,the challenges of sensor development are carefully discussed *** future prospects of optical monitoring of gas insulated apparatus are also analysed to inspire new ideas.

关键词： apparatus monitoring condition

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Metal chalcogenide complex-mediated fabrication of Cu_2S film as counter electrode in quantum dot sensitized solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第7期56卷 977-981页

作者： YU XueChao ZHU jun LIU Feng wei junFeng HU LinHua DAI SongYuan Key Laboratory of Novel Thin Film Solar Cells Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Cu2S film onto FTO glass substrate was obtained to function as counter electrode for polysulfide redox reactions in CdS/CdSe co-sensitized solar cells by sintering after spraying a metal chalcogenide complex, N4H9Cu7S4 solution. Relative to Pt counter electrode, the Cu2S counter electrode provides greater electrocatalytic activity and lower charge transfer resistance. The pre- pared CuzS counter electrode represented nanoflower-like porous film which was composed of Cu2S nanosheets on FTO and had a higher surface area and lower sheet resistance than that of sulfided brass Cu2S counter electrode. An energy conversion efficiency of 3.62% was achieved using the metal chalcogenide complex-mediated fabricated Cu2S counter electrode for CdS/CdSe co-sensitized solar cells under 1 sun, AM 1.5 illumination.

关键词： metal chalcogenide complex Cu2S counter electrode catalytic activity quantum dot sensitized solar cells

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Epigenetic modification in histone deacetylase deletion strain of Calcarisporium arbuscula leads to diverse diterpenoids

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第4期8卷 687-697页

作者： Jian Bai Rong Mu Man Dou Daojiang Yan Bingyu Liu Qian wei jun Wan Yi Tang Youcai Hu State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles

Epigenetic modifications have been proved to be a powerful way to activate silent gene clusters and lead to diverse secondary metabolites in fungi. Previously, inactivation of a histone H3 deacetylase in Calcarisporium arbuscula had led to pleiotropic activation and overexpression of more than 75% of the biosynthetic genes and isolation of ten compounds. Further investigation of the crude extract of C. arbuscula Δhda A strain resulted in the isolation of twelve new diterpenoids including three cassanes(1-3), one cleistanthane(4), six pimaranes(5-10), and two isopimaranes(11 and 12) along with two know cleistanthane analogues. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic data analysis. Compounds 2 and 4 showed potent inhibitory effects on the expression of MMP1 and MMP2(matrix metalloproteinases family) in human breast cancer(MCF-7) cells.

关键词： Calcarisporium arbuscula Calcarisporic acids Pimarane Diterpenoid Matrix metalloproteinases inhibitor Epigenetic genome mining

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Sorbitol induces flower bud formation via the MADS-box transcription factor EjCAL in loquat

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第5期65卷 1241-1261页

作者： Hong-Xia Xu Dong Meng Qing Yang Ting Chen Meng Qi Xiao-Ying Li Hang Ge jun-wei Chen Institute of Horticulture Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100000China College of Forestry Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Sorbitol is an important signaling molecule in fruit trees. Here, we observed that sorbitol increased during flower bud differentiation(FBD) in loquat(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.). Transcriptomic analysis suggested that bud formation was associated with the expression of the MADS-box transcription factor(TF) family gene, EjCAL. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that EjCAL was enriched in flower primordia but hardly detected in the shoot apical meristem. Heterologous expression of EjCAL in Nicotiana benthamiana plants resulted in early FBD. Yeast-one-hybrid analysis identified the ERF12 TF as a binding partner of the EjCAL promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR confirmed that EjERF12 binds to the EjCAL promoter, and β-glucuronidase activity assays indicated that EjERF12 regulates EjCAL *** loquat trees with sorbitol promoted flower bud formation and was associated with increased expression of EjERF12 and EjCAL. Furthermore, we identified EjUF3GaT1 as a target gene of EjCAL and its expression was activated by EjCAL. Function characterization via overexpression and RNAi reveals that EjUF3GaT1 is a biosynthetic gene of flavonoid hyperoside. The concentration of the flavonoid hyperoside mirrored that of sorbitol during FBD and exogenous hyperoside treatment also promoted loquat bud formation. We identified a mechanism whereby EjCAL might regulate hyperoside biosynthesis and confirmed the involvement of EjCAL in flower bud formation in planta. Together,these results provide insight into bud formation in loquat and may be used in efforts to increase yield.

关键词： EjCAL flower bud differentiation hyperoside loquat sorbitol

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Accelerating Asteroidal Period and Pole Inversion from Multiple Lightcurves Using Parallel Differential Evolution and Cellinoid Shape Model

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 271-286页

作者： Yong-Xiong Zhang Wen-Xiu Guo Xiao-Ping Lu Hua Zheng Hai-Bin Zhao jun Tian wei-Lin Wang School of Engineering Guangzhou College of Technology and BusinessGuangzhou 510850China School of Computer Science and Engineering Macao University of Science and TechnologyTaipaMacao 999078China School of Mathematics and Statistics Shaoguan UniversityShaoguan 512099China State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences Purple Mountain ObservatoryCASNanjing 210023China

Determining asteroid properties provides valuable physical insights but inverting them from photometric lightcurves remains computationally *** paper presents a new approach that combines a simplified Cellinoid shape model with the Parallel Differential Evolution(PDE)algorithm to accelerate *** PDE algorithm is more efficient than the Differential Evolution algorithm,achieving an extraordinary speedup of 37.983 with 64 workers on multicore *** PDE algorithm accurately derives period and pole values from simulated *** analysis of real asteroid lightcurves validates the method’s reliability:in comparison with results published elsewhere,the PDE algorithm accurately recovers the rotational periods and,given adequate viewing geometries,closely matches the pole *** PDE approach converges to solutions within 20,000 iterations and under one hour,demonstrating its potential for large-scale data *** work provides a promising new tool for unveiling asteroid physical properties by overcoming key computational bottlenecks.

关键词： methods:numerical minor planets asteroids:general techniques:photometric astrom

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Clinical value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the characterization of focal liver lesions:a prospective multicenter trial

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第4期8卷 370-376页

作者： Wang, Wen-Ping Wu, Ying luo, Yan Li, Rui Zhou, Xiao-Dong Zhang, jun Qian, Chao-Wen Tan, Xu-Yan Xu, Qing-Hua Wang, Yan Yuan, Jian-jun Fudan Univ Zhongshan Hosp Dept Diagnost Ultrasound Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Shenzhen Peoples Hosp Dept Ultrasound Shenzhen 518020 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Dept Ultrasound W China Hosp Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Chongqing SW Hosp Dept Ultrasound Chongqing 400038 Peoples R China Fourth Mil Med Univ Dept Diagnost Ultrasound Xijing Hosp Xian 710032 Peoples R China Jilin Prov Canc Hosp Dept Electrodiag Changchun 130012 Peoples R China Zhejiang Prov Canc Hosp Dept Ultrasound Hangzhou 310022 Zhejiang Peoples R China Jiangsu Prov Canc Hosp Dept Ultrasound Nanjing 210009 Peoples R China First Peoples Hosp Foshan Dept Diagnost Ultrasound Foshan 528000 Peoples R China Henan Prov Canc Hosp Dept Ultrasound Zhengzhou 450003 Peoples R China Peoples Hosp Henan Prov Dept Diagnost Ultrasound Zhengzhou 450003 Peoples R China

BACKGROUND: Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is increasingly accepted in clinical settings for diagnostic imaging of focal liver lesions (FLLs). This study aimed to assess the efficacy of CEUS in the characterization of FLLs in comparison with final diagnosis based on gold standard assessment. METHODS: The study was approved by the local ethics committee and participating patients provided written informed consent. A total of 148 patients with 164 FLLs were studied. Unenhanced ultrasonography (US) and CEUS were performed using fundamental and harmonic imaging, respectively. Contrast enhancement was assessed during the arterial, portal and late vascular phases after intravenous administration of contrast (SonoVue (R), Bracco, Italy). Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of US and CEUS were compared in identifying the lesion as benign, malignant or indeterminate and its actual tumor type. Final diagnosis was established by biopsy (129/164), MR imaging (11/164) or medical history (24/164). RESULTS: When compared to the gold standard, the number of indeterminate diagnoses was reduced from 56.7% (93/164) as assessed by fundamental imaging to 6.1% (10/164) after SonoVue (R) enhanced US examination. Sensitivity and specificity improved from 49% and 25% at baseline US to 93% and 75% with CEUS, respectively (P<0.01). Diagnostic accuracy of CEUS was 88% in contrast to 41% of baseline US. CONCLUSION: SonoVue (R) enhanced US improves the characterization of FLLs and may limit the need for further investigations.

关键词： contrast-enhanced ultrasonography characterization focal liver lesions

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Cardiopulmonary bypass induced microcirculatory injury of the small bowel in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第25期15卷 3166-3172页

作者： Guo-Hua Dong Chang-Tian Wang Yun Li Biao Xu Jian-jun Qian Hai-wei Wu Hua Jing Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Jinling Hospital Clinical Medicine School of Nanjing University Nanjing 210002 Jiangsu Province China

AIM： To investigate microvascular injury quantitatively in the small bowel with respect to cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） and related mechanisms. METHODS： In 10 male SD rats, normothermic CPB was established and continued with a flow rate of 100-150 mL/kg per minute for 60 min, while another 10 sham-operated animals served as controls. An approximate 10-cm loop of the terminal ileum was exteriorized for observation by means of intravital fluorescence microscopy. The small bowel microcirculatory network including arterioles, capillaries, and collecting venules was observed prior to CPB, CPB 30 min, CPB 60 min, post-CPB 60 min and post-CPB 120 rain. The intestinal capillary perfusion, microvascular permeability and leukocyte adherence were also measured. RESULTS： The systemic hemodynamics remained stable throughout the experiment in both groups. In CPB animals, significant arteriolar vasoconstriction, blood velocity reduction and functional capillary density diminution were found. As concomitances, exaggerated albumin extravasation and increased leukocyte accumulation were also noted. These changes were more pronounced and there were no signs of restitution at the end of the observation period. CONCLUSION： CPB induces significant microcirculatory injury of the small bowel in rats. The major underlying mechanisms are blood flow redistribution and generalized inflammatory response associated with CPB.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary bypass Functional capillary density Intestinal microcirculation Intravital microscopy

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东江表层沉积物中的有机磷系阻燃剂

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中国环境科学 2014年第9期34卷 2394-2400页

作者：阮伟谭晓欣罗孝俊麦碧娴中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室广东广州510640 中国科学院大学北京100049

采用索氏抽提,HLB固相萃取柱分离净化和气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC-MS-EI/SIM）的分析方法对采自东江的17个沉积物中的8种有机磷系阻燃剂（OPFRs）的浓度及分布进行研究.结果表明,所有样品中均检测到了 OPFRs,其总浓度为1.52～86.17ng/g.三... 详细信息

采用索氏抽提,HLB固相萃取柱分离净化和气相色谱质谱联用仪（GC-MS-EI/SIM）的分析方法对采自东江的17个沉积物中的8种有机磷系阻燃剂（OPFRs）的浓度及分布进行研究.结果表明,所有样品中均检测到了 OPFRs,其总浓度为1.52～86.17ng/g.三（1-氯-2-丙基）磷酸酯（TCPP）为最主要污染物,最高浓度达51.64ng/g,其后为三苯基磷酸酯（TPP）、三（2-氯乙基）磷酸酯（TCEP）、三（1,3-二氯异丙基）磷酸酯（TDCP）,最高浓度分别为22.03,9.51,6.09ng/g,而其他烷基类OPFRs除三乙基磷酸酯（TEP）外未被检出.OPFRs总浓度和与总有机碳（TOC）存在极显著的相关性（r=0.74,P＜0.001）,说明沉积物中TOC的含量对有机氯代磷系阻燃剂的分布起重要作用.尽管东江沉积物中的OPFRs含量（均值25.43ng/g）远低于多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）含量（均值588ng/g）,但随着PBDEs的全球禁用,相关有机磷系阻燃剂的污染态势需要引起更多关注.

关键词：有机磷系阻燃剂沉积物东江

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