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Intestinal enteroids/organoids: A novel platform for drug discovery in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第30期25卷 4125-4147页

作者： jun-hwan yoo Mark Donowitz Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Digestive Disease Center CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnam 13496South Korea

The introduction of biologics such as anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF)monoclonal antibodies followed by anti-integrins has dramatically changed the therapeutic paradigm of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).Furthermore,a newly developed anti-p40 subunit of interleukin(IL)-12 and IL-23(ustekinumab)has been recently approved in the United States for patients with moderate to severe Crohn’s disease who have failed treatment with ***,these immunosuppressive therapeutics which focus on anti-inflammatory mechanisms or immune cells still fail to achieve long-term remission in a significant percentage of *** strongly underlines the need to identify novel treatment targets beyond immune suppression to treat *** studies have revealed the critical role of intestinal epithelial cells(IECs)in the pathogenesis of ***,biochemical and immunologic driven barrier dysfunctions of epithelial cells contribute to the development of *** addition,the recent establishment of adult stem cell-derived intestinal enteroid/organoid culture technology has allowed an exciting opportunity to study human IECs comprising all normal epithelial *** long-term epithelial culture model can be generated from endoscopic biopsies or surgical resections and recapitulates the tissue of origin,representing a promising platform for novel drug discovery in *** review describes the advantages of intestinal enteroids/organoids as a research tool for intestinal diseases,introduces studies with these models in IBD,and gives a description of the current status of therapeutic approaches in ***,we provide an overview of the current endeavors to identify a novel drug target for IBD therapy based on studies with human enteroids/organoids and describe the challenges in using enteroids/organoids as an IBD model.

关键词： Enteroids Organoids Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis

Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin yoo Kyun Kyu Kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung hwan Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Department of Mechanical Engineering Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

Cnoidal waves and their soliton limits in single mode fiber lasers

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 543-551页

作者： XIAO HU TUPEI CHEN SEONGWOO yoo DINGYUAN TANG Julong College Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

Cnoidal waves are a type of nonlinear periodic wave solutions of the nonlinear dynamic *** are well known in fluid dynamics,but it is not the case in *** this paper we show both experimentally and numerically that cnoidal waves could be formed in a fiber laser either in the net normal or net anomalous cavity dispersion regime,especially because,as the pump power is increased,the formed cnoidal waves could eventually evolve into a train of bright(in the net anomalous cavity dispersion regime)or dark(in the net normal cavity dispersion regime)*** simulations of the laser operation based on the extended nonlinear Schrödinger equation(NLSE)have well reproduced the experimental *** result not only explains why solitons can still be formed in a fiber laser even without mode locking but also suggests a new effective way of automatic stable periodic pulse train generation in lasers with a nonlinear cavity.

关键词： fiber pump mode

Air-stable,all-dry transferred ReS_(2)/GaSe heterostructure-based NO_(2)gas sensor

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第1期168卷 79-87页

作者： A.Venkatesan Hyeyoon Ryu Anupom Devnath Hyungyu yoo Seunghyun Lee Department of Electronic Engineering Kyung Hee UniversityYongin-Si 17104South Korea Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering Kyung Hee UniversityYongin-Si 17104South Korea

Two-dimensional(2D)materials have gained considerable attention in chemical sensing owing to their naturally high surface-to-volume ***,the poor response time and incomplete recovery re-strict their application in practical,high performance gas *** this work,we fabricated air-stable ReS_(2)/GaSe heterostructure-based NO_(2)gas sensors with excellent gas sensing response,recovery,selectiv-ity and a low limit of detection(LOD)toward nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2)).The ReS_(2)/GaSe heterostructure was prepared via mechanical exfoliation and an all-dry transfer *** the sensing measurements,temperature-dependant transport measurements were carried *** Schottky Barrier Height(SBH)of the ReS_(2)/GaSe heterostructure was calculated and the corresponding transport mechanisms were *** fabricated gas sensors showed a significant response enhancement with full reversibility to-ward ppm-level NO_(2)(response of∼17%at 3 ppm,a LOD of∼556 ppb)at an operating temperature of(33°C).In particular,the total response and recovery time of the ReS_(2)/GaSe was revealed to be less than 4 min(∼38 s and∼174 s,respectively)for the 250 ppm concentration,which is one of the best response and recovery time toward ppm-level NO_(2).The excellent sensing performances and recovery characteris-tics of the ReS_(2)/GaSe structure are attributed to its efficient charge separation,unique interlayer coupling and desirable band *** atomically thin,ultrasensitive gas sensor that operates at room tem-perature is a strong technological contender to conventional metal oxide gas sensors,which often require elevated temperatures.

关键词： 2D materials All-dry transfer Gas sensor Van der Waals heterostructure ReS_(2)/GaSe Gas sensing response Transition metal dichalcogenide

Performance of the EDACS-ADP incorporating high-sensitivity troponin assay:Do components of major adverse cardiac events matter?

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第3期15卷 175-180页

作者： Yedalm yoo Shin Ahn Bora Chae Won Young Kim Department of Emergency Medicine Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505Republic of Korea

BACKGROUND:The accelerated diagnostic protocol(ADP)using the Emergency Department Assessment of Chest pain Score(EDACS-ADP),a tool to identify patients at low risk of a major adverse cardiac event(MACE)among patients presenting with chest pain to the emergency department,was developed using a contemporary troponin *** study was performed to validate and compare the performance of the EDACS-ADP incorporating high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I between patients who had a 30-day MACE with and without unstable angina(MACE I and II,respectively).METHODS:A single-center prospective observational study of adult patients presenting with chest pain suggestive of acute coronary syndrome was *** performance of EDACS-ADP in predicting MACE was assessed by calculating the sensitivity and negative predictive ***:Of the 1,304 patients prospectively enrolled,399(30.6%;95%confidence interval[95%CI]:27.7%–33.8%)were considered low-risk using the *** them,the rates of MACE I and II were 1.3%(5/399)and 1.0%(4/399),*** EDACS-ADP showed sensitivities and negative predictive values of 98.8%(95%CI:97.2%–99.6%)and 98.7%(95%CI:97.0%–99.5%)for MACE I and 98.7%(95%CI:96.8%–99.7%)and 99.0%(95%CI:97.4%–99.6%)for MACE II,***:EDACS-ADP could help identify patients as safe for early ***,when unstable angina was added to the outcome,the 30-day MACE rate among the designated lowrisk patients remained above the level acceptable for early discharge without further evaluation.

关键词： Chest pain Major adverse cardiac event Acute coronary syndrome Emergency department

Structural performance of flexible freeform panelssubjected to wind loads

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 851-869页

作者： Yong yoo Zaryab SHAHID Renzhe CHEN Maria KOLIOU Anastasia MULIANA Negar KALANTAR Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA J.Mike Walker'66 Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Architecture Division California College of the ArtsSan FranciscoCA 94107USA

An increased number of hurricanes and tornadoes have been recorded worldwide in the last decade,while research efforts to reduce wind-related damage to structures become *** architecture,which focuses on generating complex curved shapes including streamlined shapes,has recently gained *** study focuses on investigating the potential of kerf panels,which have unique flexibility depending on the cut patterns and densities,to generate complex shapes for facades and their performance under wind *** investigate the kerf panel's potential capacity against wind loads,static and dynamic analyses were conducted for two kerf panel types with different cut densities and pre-deformed *** was observed that although solid panels result in smaller displacement amplitudes,stresses,and strains in some cases,the kerf panels allow for global and local cell deformations resulting in stress reduction in various locations with the potential to reduce damage due to overstress in *** the predeformed kerf panels,it was observed that both the overall stress and strain responses in kerf cut arrangements were lower than those of the flat-shaped *** study shows the promise of the use of kerf panels in achieving both design flexibility and performance demands when exposed to service *** that this newly proposed architectural configuration(design paradigm)for facades could revolutionize structural engineering by pushing complex freeform shapes to a standard practice that intertwines aesthetic arguments,building performance requirements,and material design considerations has the potential for significant practical applications.

关键词： freeform structure kerfing method wind load analysis cladding component

A novel deep learning framework with variational auto-encoder for indoor air quality prediction

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 97-109页

作者： Qiyue Wu Yun Geng Xinyuan Wang Dongsheng Wang ChangKyoo yoo Hongbin Liu Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China College of Automation&College of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp&Papermaking and Pollution Control College of Light Industry and Food EngineeringGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Paper Waste of Shandong Province Shandong Huatai Paper Co.Ltd.Dongying 257335China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering College of EngineeringKyung Hee UniversityYongin 446701Republic of Korea

Exposure to poor indoor air conditions poses significant risks to human health, increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Soft measurement modeling is suitable for stable and accurate monitoring of air pollutants and improving air quality. Based on partial least squares (PLS), we propose an indoor air quality prediction model that utilizes variational auto-encoder regression (VAER) algorithm. To reduce the negative effects of noise, latent variables in the original data are extracted by PLS in the first step. Then, the extracted variables are used as inputs to VAER, which improve the accuracy and robustness of the model. Through comparative analysis with traditional methods, we demonstrate the superior performance of our PLS-VAER model, which exhibits improved prediction performance and stability. The root mean square error (RMSE) of PLS-VAER is reduced by 14.71%, 26.47%, and 12.50% compared to single VAER, PLS-SVR, and PLS-ANN, respectively. Additionally, the coefficient of determination (R2) of PLS-VAER improves by 13.70%, 30.09%, and 11.25% compared to single VAER, PLS-SVR, and PLS-ANN, respectively. This research offers an innovative and environmentally-friendly approach to monitor and improve indoor air quality.

关键词： Indoor air quality PM_(2.5)concentration Variational auto-encoder Latent variable Soft measurement modeling

Defect Detection Model Using Time Series Data Augmentation and Transformation

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1713-1730页

作者： Gyu-Il Kim Hyun yoo Han-Jin Cho Kyungyong Chung Department of Computer Science Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Contents Convergence Software Research Institue Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Department of Energy IT Engineering Far East UniversityEumsung-gun27601Korea Division of AI Computer Science and Engineering Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea

Time-series data provide important information in many fields,and their processing and analysis have been the focus of much ***,detecting anomalies is very difficult due to data imbalance,temporal dependence,and ***,methodologies for data augmentation and conversion of time series data into images for analysis have been *** paper proposes a fault detection model that uses time series data augmentation and transformation to address the problems of data imbalance,temporal dependence,and robustness to *** method of data augmentation is set as the addition of *** involves adding Gaussian noise,with the noise level set to 0.002,to maximize the generalization performance of the *** addition,we use the Markov Transition Field(MTF)method to effectively visualize the dynamic transitions of the data while converting the time series data into *** enables the identification of patterns in time series data and assists in capturing the sequential dependencies of the *** anomaly detection,the PatchCore model is applied to show excellent performance,and the detected anomaly areas are represented as heat *** allows for the detection of anomalies,and by applying an anomaly map to the original image,it is possible to capture the areas where anomalies *** performance evaluation shows that both F1-score and Accuracy are high when time series data is converted to ***,when processed as images rather than as time series data,there was a significant reduction in both the size of the data and the training *** proposed method can provide an important springboard for research in the field of anomaly detection using time series ***,it helps solve problems such as analyzing complex patterns in data lightweight.

关键词： Defect detection time series deep learning data augmentation data transformation

Interworking between Modbus and internet of things platform for industrial services

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 461-471页

作者： Sherzod Elamanov Hyeonseo Son Bob Flynn Seong Ki yoo Naqqash Dilshad JaeSeung Song Department of Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone Sejong UniversitySouth Korea SyncTechno Inc South Korea Exacta Global Smart Solutions USA Coventry University UK

In the era of rapid development of Internet of Things(IoT),numerous machine-to-machine technologies have been applied to the industrial *** to the divergence of IoT solutions,the industry is faced with a need to apply various technologies for automation and *** fact leads to a demand for an establishing interworking mechanism which would allow smooth interoperability between heterogeneous *** of the major protocols widely used today in industrial electronic devices is ***,data generated by Modbus devices cannot be understood by IoT applications using different protocols,so it should be applied in a couple with an IoT service layer ***2M,a global IoT standard,can play the role of interconnecting various protocols,as it provides flexible tools suitable for building an interworking framework for industrial ***,in this paper,we propose an interworking architecture between devices working on the Modbus protocol and an IoT platform implemented based on oneM2M *** the proposed architecture,we introduce the way to model Modbus data as oneM2M resources,rules to map them to each other,procedures required to establish interoperable communication,and optimization methods for this *** analyze our solution and provide an evaluation by implementing it based on a solar power management use *** results demonstrate that our model is feasible and can be applied to real case scenarios.

关键词： Internet of things Interoperability Interworking Modbus oneM2M