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Intestinal enteroids/organoids: A novel platform for drug discovery in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第30期25卷 4125-4147页

作者： jun-hwan yoo Mark Donowitz Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21205United States Digestive Disease Center CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnam 13496South Korea

The introduction of biologics such as anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF)monoclonal antibodies followed by anti-integrins has dramatically changed the therapeutic paradigm of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).Furthermore,a newly developed anti-p40 subunit of interleukin(IL)-12 and IL-23(ustekinumab)has been recently approved in the United States for patients with moderate to severe Crohn’s disease who have failed treatment with ***,these immunosuppressive therapeutics which focus on anti-inflammatory mechanisms or immune cells still fail to achieve long-term remission in a significant percentage of *** strongly underlines the need to identify novel treatment targets beyond immune suppression to treat *** studies have revealed the critical role of intestinal epithelial cells(IECs)in the pathogenesis of ***,biochemical and immunologic driven barrier dysfunctions of epithelial cells contribute to the development of *** addition,the recent establishment of adult stem cell-derived intestinal enteroid/organoid culture technology has allowed an exciting opportunity to study human IECs comprising all normal epithelial *** long-term epithelial culture model can be generated from endoscopic biopsies or surgical resections and recapitulates the tissue of origin,representing a promising platform for novel drug discovery in *** review describes the advantages of intestinal enteroids/organoids as a research tool for intestinal diseases,introduces studies with these models in IBD,and gives a description of the current status of therapeutic approaches in ***,we provide an overview of the current endeavors to identify a novel drug target for IBD therapy based on studies with human enteroids/organoids and describe the challenges in using enteroids/organoids as an IBD model.

关键词： Enteroids Organoids Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis

Advances in wearable and implantable bioelectronics for precision medicine

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第4期7卷 383-387页

作者： Kaichen Xu Seung hwan Ko jun Chen State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Applied Nano and Thermal Science Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095-1599USA

The continuous pursuit for a better quality of life promotes continuous advancements in intelligent *** wearable and implantable bioelectronics have emerged as an innovative complement to rigid material-based electronic devices[1-3].Due to their distinct advantages in terms of ductile,ultrathin,and biocompatible features,these elastic and soft bioelectronic devices can be seamlessly mounted onto various real or artificial tissues and organs.

关键词： wear mounted pursuit

Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin yoo Kyun Kyu Kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung hwan Ko Department of Mechanical Engineering Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and Engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Department of Mechanical Engineering Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

Multifunctional MXene/Carbon Nanotube Janus Film for Electromagnetic Shielding and Infrared Shielding/Detection in Harsh Environments

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 543-560页

作者： Tufail Hassan Aamir Iqbal Byungkwon yoo jun Young Jo Nilufer Cakmakci Shabbir Madad Naqvi Hyerim Kim Sungmin jung Noushad Hussain Ujala Zafar Soo Yeong Cho Seunghwan Jeong Jaewoo Kim jung Min Oh Sangwoon Park Youngjin Jeong Chong Min Koo School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeobu-ro 2066Jangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Soongsil UniversitySeoul 06978Republic of Korea Institute of Advanced Composite Materials Korea Institute of Science and Technology92 Chudong-roBongdong-eupWanju-gunJeollabuk-do 55324Republic of Korea R&D Center INNOMXENE Co. Ltd.Daejeon 34365Republic of Korea School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeobu-ro 2066Jangan-guSuwon-siGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea

Multifunctional,flexible,and robust thin films capable of operating in demanding harsh temperature environments are crucial for various cutting-edge *** study presents a multifunctional Janus film integrating highly-crystalline Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene and mechanically-robust carbon nanotube(CNT)film through strong hydrogen *** hybrid film not only exhibits high electrical conductivity(4250 S cm^(-1)),but also demonstrates robust mechanical strength and durability in both extremely low and high temperature environments,showing exceptional resistance to thermal *** hybrid Janus film of 15μm thickness reveals remarkable multifunctionality,including efficient electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 72 dB in X band frequency range,excellent infrared(IR)shielding capability with an average emissivity of 0.09(a minimal value of 0.02),superior thermal camouflage performance over a wide temperature range(−1 to 300℃)achieving a notable reduction in the radiated temperature by 243℃ against a background temperature of 300℃,and outstanding IR detection capability characterized by a 44%increase in resistance when exposed to 250 W IR *** multifunctional MXene/CNT Janus film offers a feasible solution for electromagnetic shielding and IR shielding/detection under challenging conditions.

关键词： MXene/carbon nanotube Janus film Electromagnetic interference shielding Infrared shielding Thermal camouflage Infrared detection

电沉积Mo和Mo-Co合金纳米线用于互联电阻的电阻率改性

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Engineering 2024年第1期32卷 127-137页

作者： jun hwan Moon Taesoon Kim Youngmin Lee Seunghyun Kim Yanghee Kim Jae-Pyoung Ahn jungwoo Choi Hyuck Mo Lee Young Keun Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and EngineeringDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Research Resources Division Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea

Achieving historically anticipated improvement in the performance of integrated circuits is challenging,due to the increasing cost and complexity of the required technologies with each new *** overcome this limitation,the exploration and development of novel interconnect materials and processes are highly desirable in the microelectronics ***(Mo)is attracting attention as an advanced interconnect material due to its small resistivity size effect and high cohesive energy;however,effective processing methods for such materials have not been widely ***,we investigate the electrochemical behavior of ions in the confined nanopores that affect the electrical properties and microstructures of nanoscale Mo and Mo-Co alloys prepared via template-assisted *** in an electrolyte allow the deposition of extremely pure metal materials,due to their interac-tion with metal ions and *** this study,boric acid and tetrabutylammonium bisulfate(TBA)were added to an acetate bath to inhibit the hydrogen evolution *** accelerated the reduction of Mo at the surface by inducing surface conduction on the *** Mo nanowires with a 130 nm diameter synthesized through high-aspect-ratio nanopore engineering exhibited a resistivity of(63.0±17.9)μΩ*** also evaluated the resistivities of Mo-Co alloy nanowires at various compo-sitions toward replacing irreducible conventional barrier/liner *** intermetallic compound formed at a Mo composition of 28.6 at%,the resistivity of the Mo-Co nanowire was(58.0±10.6)μΩcm,indicat-ing its superior electrical and adhesive properties in comparison with those of conventional barriers such as TaN and ***,density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function calcula-tions confirmed that the vertical resistance of the via structure constructed from Mo-based materials was 21%lower than that of a conventional Cu/Ta/TaN structure.

关键词： Molybdenum Molybdenum-cobalt Interconnect Microstructure Electrodeposition Density functional theory

Electrical resistivity evolution in electrodeposited Ru and Ru-Co nanowires

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第10期105卷 17-25页

作者： jun hwan Moon Seunghyun Kim Taesoon Kim yoo Sang Jeon Yanghee Kim Jae-Pyoung Ahn Young Keun Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Institute of Engineering Reserch Korea UniversitySeoul 02481Republic of Korea Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea Research Resources Division Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea

Nanoscale ruthenium(Ru)-based materials are promising replacements for existing multilayered Cu interconnects in integrated ***,it is not easy to apply the results of previously reported studies directly to the electrochemical damascene process because the previous studies have mainly focused on thin flms by dry ***,we report the electrical resistivity and microstructure of electrodeposited Ru *** estimate that the resistivity value of a 10 nm diameter Ru nanowire to be71.6μΩcm after analyzing the resistivity values of individual nanowires with various ***,we investigate the electrical properties of Ru_(x)Co_(1-x)nanowires where x is 0.04–0.99 at.%as possible replacements of the current Ta N barrier *** the entire composition range,the resistivity values of alloys are much lower than that of the conventional Ta ***,Ru and Ru-alloy nanowires surrounded by dielectric silica are thermally stable after 450°C heat ***,the nanoscale Ru and Ru-Co alloys possessing low resistivity values can be candidates for the interconnect and barrier materials,respectively.

关键词： Ruthenium(Ru) Ruthenium-cobalt(Ru-Co) Nanowire Electrical resistivity Microstructure Electrodeposition

Impact of indoor ventilation efficiency on acetone inhalation exposure concentration and tissue dose in respiratory tract

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Building Simulation 2023年第3期16卷 427-441页

作者： Cong Li Sung-jun yoo Kazuhide Ito College of Ocean and Civil Engineering Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China Faculty of Engineering Sciences Kyushu UniversityFukuoka816-8580Japan

A significant feature of the indoor environment is the heterogeneity of airflow and pollutant distributions,which are primarily dependent on ventilation *** the case of short-and high-concentration exposures to hazardous chemical pollutants,it may be necessary to precisely determine the concentration in the breathing zone or,more directly,the inhalation exposure concentration in the respiratory tract,rather than the representative room average concentration in an indoor environment,because of the non-uniformity of pollutant concentration *** this study,we developed a computer-simulated person with a detailed respiratory system to predict inhalation exposure concentration and inhalation dose via transient breathing and reported a demonstrative numerical simulation for analyzing acetone concentration distributions in a simplified model *** numerical analysis revealed that the ventilation efficiency distribution in a room could change significantly by changing the design of the ventilation system,and that the inhalation exposure concentration estimated by a computer-simulated person could differ from the representative concentration,such as perfect-mixing or volume-averaged acetone concentration,by a factor of two or more.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics computer simulated person inhalation exposure numerical respiratory tract physiologically based pharmacokinetics tissue dose

Amputation stump management:A narrative review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第13期10卷 3981-3988页

作者： yoo Jin Choo Du hwan Kim Min Cheol Chang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717South Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineChung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06973South Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityTaegu 705-717South Korea

In this review intended for medical staff involved in patient rehabilitation,we provided an overview of the basic methods for managing amputation *** the amputation surgery,it is imperative to optimize the remaining physical abilities of the amputee through rehabilitation processes,including postoperative rehabilitation,desensitization,and continuous application of soft or rigid dressings for pain reduction and shaping of the *** on the situation,a prosthesis may be worn in the early stage of recovery or an immediate postoperative prosthesis may be applied to promote stump ***,to maintain the range of motion of the stump and to prevent deformation,the remaining portion of the limb should be positioned to prevent *** exercises should also be performed to improve muscle strength to ensure that the amputee is able to perform activities of daily living,***,clean wound or edema management of the stump is necessary to prevent problems associated with wearing the *** review is expected to contribute to the establishment of basic protocols that will be useful for stump management from the time of completion of amputation surgery to the fitting of a prosthesis to optimize patient recovery.

关键词： Amputation Amputee Management Rehabilitation Stump Review

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旋转热管砂轮冷凝端单翅片对流换热仿真研究

机械制造 2024年第5期62卷 15-19页

作者：何永节杜宝瑞姚俊袁达忠沈阳航空航天大学机电工程学院沈阳110136 中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京100190 中国科学院大学北京100049

为优化旋转热管砂轮冷凝端结构,在冷凝端添加翅片,增大散热面积,实现有效散热,从而提高换热能力。应用FLUENT软件对旋转热管砂轮冷凝端单翅片进行对流换热仿真研究,通过建模分析翅片高度、翅片厚度、冷风条件、转速对冷凝端换热性能的... 详细信息

为优化旋转热管砂轮冷凝端结构,在冷凝端添加翅片,增大散热面积,实现有效散热,从而提高换热能力。应用FLUENT软件对旋转热管砂轮冷凝端单翅片进行对流换热仿真研究,通过建模分析翅片高度、翅片厚度、冷风条件、转速对冷凝端换热性能的影响。研究表明,当翅片高度为6 mm,翅片厚度为1 mm时,冷凝端外壁面的平均对流换热系数最大,平均温度最低。当冷风压力为0.6MPa时,冷凝端换热性能较好。随着旋转速度的加快,冷凝端外壁面平均对流换热系数增大,表明换热能力不断提高。仿真研究结果为旋转热管砂轮冷凝端结构优化及后续磨削试验提供了参考,具有较高的实际工程应用价值。

关键词：旋转热管砂轮翅片对流换热研究