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Empathy for Distress in Humans and Rodents

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第1期34卷 216-236页

作者： Jun Chen Institute for Biomedical Sciences of Pain Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710038 China Key Laboratory of Brain Stress and Behavior PLA Xi'an 710038 China Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Beijing 100069 China

Empathy is traditionally thought to be a unique ability of humans to feel, understand, and share the emotional state of others. However, the notion has been greatly challenged by the emerging discoveries of empathy for pain or distress in rodents. Because empathy is believed to be fundamental to the formation of prosocial, altruistic, and even moral behaviors in social animals and humans, studies associated with decoding the neural circuits and unraveling the underlying molecular and neural mecha- nisms of empathy for pain or distress in rodents would be very important and encouraging. In this review, the author set out to outline and update the concept of empathy from the evolutionary point of view, and introduce up-to-date advances in the study of empathy and its neural correlates in both humans and rodents. Finally, the author highlights the perspectives and challenges for the further use of rodent models in the study of empathy for pain or distress.

关键词： Empathy Pain Distress Neural correlates

Vacancies-rich CoAl monolayer layered double hydroxide as efficient superoxide dismutase-like nanozyme

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Nano Research 2022年第9期15卷 7940-7950页

作者： Shuo Zhang Jun Chen Wen-Sheng Yang Xu chen State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

With the extensive development of nanozymes in recent years,catalytic efficiency has been considered as the Gordian knot that restricts the further applications of nanozyme.Moreover,the usage of layered double hydroxides(LDHs)as antioxidant nanozymes for scavenging reactive oxygen species(ROS)has not been studied.Herein,we report a vacancies-rich monolayer cobalt-alumina LDH nanosheet(m-CoAl-LDH)through a facile direct synthesis method as an efficient nanozyme with superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activity.The m-CoAl-LDH exhibits a record-breaking catalytic efficiency with the catalytic constant(Kcat)as high as 4.33×10^(11)M^(−1)·s−1.Elucidated by the experimental and theoretical studies,the abundant oxygen and metal vacancies were existed in the single layer for the outstanding performance owing to the increased active sites.In addition,density functional theory(DFT)calculations further reveal the significant role of synergistic effect of oxygen and metal vacancies in reducing the adsorption energy of superoxide(O_(2)^(•−)),which improves the catalytic performance.The m-CoAl-LDH nanosheets were applied in cells to relieving the oxidative damage caused by O_(2)^(•−)in mitochondria.Such vacancy-rich monolayer CoAl-LDH nanosheets represent the first example of LDH nanozyme with specific SOD-like activity as well as record high catalytic efficiency,which may provide deeper insight into efficient nanozyme design by defect-engineering.

关键词： nanozymes superoxide dismutase layered double hydroxides defect catalytic efficiency

A Breakthrough in Understanding the Rapid Antidepressant Effect of Ketamine Based on Structural Analysis

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第2期38卷 229-231页

作者： Hongmei Liu Xiaohui Wu Jun Chen Yiru Fang Clinical Research Center Shanghai Mental Health CenterShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200030China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai 200031China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic disorders Shanghai 201108China

Major depressive disorder(MDD)is one of the most common and serious mental diseases.Its overall 12-month prevalence rate is〜6%,while the lifetime risk increases about twofold(15%-18%),which means almost one in five people will experience at least one depressive episode during their lifetime[1].MDD is characterized by sad emotion accompanied by anhedonia,lack of energy or appetite,sleep disturbance,and low self-evaluation.In severe cases,suicidal ideation/attemp^ehavior or self-injurious behavior may occur,which seriously affects patients'daily life and social function.In 2010,MDD was listed as the second greatest disease burden in the world,and is expected to rank first by 2030[2].

关键词： function lifetime listed

Fiber Materials for Electrocatalysis Applications

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2022年第4期4卷 720-735页

作者： Fangzhou Zhang Jun Chen Jianping Yang State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Intelligent Polymer Research Institute(IPRI)Australian Institute of Innovative Materials(AIIM)University of WollongongWollongongNSW 2522Australia

Fiber materials are promising for electrocatalysis applications due to their structural features including high surface area,controllable chemical compositions,and abundant composite forms.In the past decade,considerable research efforts have been devoted to construct advanced fiber materials possessing conductive network(to facilitate efficient electron transport)and large specific surface area(to support massive catalytically active sites)to boost electrocatalysis performance.Herein,we focused on recent advances in fiber-based electrocatalyst with enhanced electrocatalytic activity.Moreover,the synthesis,structure,and properties of fiber materials and their applications in hydrogen evolution reaction,oxygen evolution reaction,oxygen reduction reaction,carbon dioxide reduction reaction,and nitrogen reduction reaction are discussed.Finally,the research challenges and future prospects of fiber materials in electrocatalysis applications are proposed.

关键词： Fiber electrocatalyst Synthesis approach Structural feature Structural engineering Electrocatalytic performance

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拉伸速率对含缺陷单晶镁塑性变形机制的影响

塑性工程学报 2022年第11期29卷 138-144页

作者：陈致君尧军平胡启耀南昌航空大学航空制造工程学院江西南昌330063

运用嵌入式原子势函数对同时存在微裂纹和孔洞缺陷的单晶镁在不同拉伸速率下的塑性变形行为进行了分子动力学模拟。结果表明,材料的杨氏模量与拉伸速率关联不大,屈服应力随拉伸速率的增加而增大。拉伸速率越大,体系总能量增加越多,峰值... 详细信息

运用嵌入式原子势函数对同时存在微裂纹和孔洞缺陷的单晶镁在不同拉伸速率下的塑性变形行为进行了分子动力学模拟。结果表明,材料的杨氏模量与拉伸速率关联不大,屈服应力随拉伸速率的增加而增大。拉伸速率越大,体系总能量增加越多,峰值也越高,材料屈服强度越大。不同拉伸速率下材料的塑性变形机制不同,当拉伸速率较低时,主裂纹扩展并与预设孔洞汇合,裂纹继续扩展直至材料断裂失效。当拉伸速率较高时,主裂纹裂尖变钝,模型右下方产生边缘裂纹加速材料断裂失效。塑性变形机制的主要形式包括位错形核、位错发射、原子滑移和原子相变,其中位错发射和原子滑移起主导作用。

关键词：分子动力学孔洞裂纹单晶镁塑性变形机制

Real-time evaluation method of flight mission load based on sensitivity analysis of physiological factors

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第3期35卷 450-463页

作者： Jun Chen Lei XUE Jia RONG Xudong GAO School of Electronics and Information Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Department of Data Science and AI Monash UniversityClaytonVIC 3800Australia

As the complexity of flight missions continues to increase,sending a timely warning or providing assistance to pilots helps to reduce the probability of operational errors and flight accidents.Monitoring pilots’physiological data,real-time evaluation of mission load is a feasible technical way to achieve this.In this paper,a set of flight tasks including aircraft control,humancomputer interaction and mental arithmetic tests are designed to simulate five mission loads at different flight difficulty levels.A sensitivity analysis method based on a comprehensive test is proposed to select a set of sensitive physiological factors.Then,based on the SVM hierarchical combination classification method,the pilot mission load real-time evaluation model is established.The test results show significant differences in EMG,respiration rate(abdomen),heart rate,blood oxygen saturation,pupil area,fixation duration,number of fixations,and saccades.The high accuracy obtained from experiments proved that the proposed real-time evaluation model is applicable to meet the requirements of real working environments.The findings can provide methodological references for mission load evaluation research in other fields.

关键词： Eye movement Mission load Physiological data Sensitivity analysis Support Vector Machine(SVM)

Perspectives on the Redox Chemistry of Organic Electrode Materials in Lithium Batteries

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CCS Chemistry 2023年第7期5卷 1491-1508页

作者： Yong Lu Qiu Zhang Jun Chen Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071

Organic electrode materials have attracted much attention for lithium batteries because of their high capacity,flexible designability,and environmental friendliness.Understanding the redox chemistry of organic electrode materials is essential for optimizing electrochemical performance and designing new molecules.This review aims to summarize the redox chemistry of different organic electrode materials in lithium batteries,including carbonyl compounds,conductive polymers,organosulfur compounds,organic radicals,imine compounds,compounds with superlithiation ability,and azo compounds.The discussions are focused on the evolution of their molecular and crystal structures during discharge/charge processes utilizing various characterization approaches.To date,carbonyl compounds based on the conversion between C=O and C-OLi have been proven to be one of the most promising organic electrode materials for lithium batteries.Future works should pay more attention to the detection of redox intermediates through operando techniques and the further combination of theoretical calculations.This review provides insights into the redox chemistry of organic electrode materials in lithium batteries.

关键词： lithium batteries organic electrode materials redox chemistry intermediates phase transitions

Model-based validation of diagnostic software with application in automotive systems

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IET Cyber-Systems and Robotics 2021年第2期3卷 140-149页

作者： Jun Chen Ramesh S Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oakland UniversityRochesterMichiganUSA General Motors R and D WarrenMichiganUSA

Software validation aims to ensure that a particular software product fulfils its intended purpose,and needs to be performed against both software requirement as well as its implementation(i.***.product).However,for diagnostic software(i.e.a diagnoser)performing online diagnosis against certain fault models and reports diagnosis decision,the underlying fault models are usually not explicitly specified,neither by formal language nor by descriptive language.The lack of formal representation of fault models leaves the intended purpose of the diagnostic software vague,making its validation difficult.To address this issue,the authors propose various model-based techniques that can generate concrete examples of the diagnoser's key properties.Such examples are represented in an intuitive and possibly visualised way,facilitating the designers/users to approve or disapprove the conformance of the diagnoser to the intended purpose.The proposed techniques work for validation of both the requirement and implementation that can be modelled as finite state machine,and are illustrated through applications on vehicle on-board diagnostic requirement.

关键词： formal diagnosis fault

Self-assemble peptide biomaterials and their biomedical applications

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Bioactive Materials 2019年第1期4卷 120-131页

作者： Jun Chen Xuenong Zou Department of Spine Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080PR China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Guangzhou510080PR China

Inspired by self-assembling peptides found in native proteins,deliberately designed engineered peptides have shown outstanding biocompatibility,biodegradability,and extracellular matrix-mimicking microenvironments.Assembly of the peptides can be triggered by external stimuli,such as electrolytes,temperature,and pH.The formation of nanostructures and subsequent nanocomposite materials often occur under physiological conditions.The respective properties of side chains in each amino acids provide numerous sites for chemical modification and conjugation choices of the peptides,enabling various resulting supramolecular nanostructures and hydrogels with adjustable mechanical and physicochemical properties.Moreover,additional functionalities can be easily induced into the hydrogels,including shearthinning,bioactivity,self-healing,and shape memory.It further broaden the scope of application of self-assemble peptide materials.This review outlines designs of self-assembly peptide(β-sheet,α-helix,collagen-like peptides,elastin-like polypeptides,and peptide amphiphiles)with potential additional functionalities and their biomedical applications in bioprinting,tissue engineering,and drug delivery.

关键词： properties. materials. biomaterials