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Neural stem cells promote neuroplasticity: a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 619-628页

作者： jun chang Yujiao Li Xiaoqian Shan Xi Chen Xuhe Yan Jianwei Liu Lan Zhao First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine TianjinChina National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion TianjinChina Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine TianjinChina

Recent studies have demonstrated that neuroplasticity,such as synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis,exists throughout the normal lifespan but declines with age and is significantly impaired in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease.Hence,promoting neuroplasticity may represent an effective strategy with which Alzheimer’s disease can be alleviated.Due to their significant ability to self-renew,differentiate,and migrate,neural stem cells play an essential role in reversing synaptic and neuronal damage,reducing the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease,including amyloid-β,tau protein,and neuroinflammation,and secreting neurotrophic factors and growth factors that are related to plasticity.These events can promote synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis to repair the microenvironment of the mammalian brain.Consequently,neural stem cells are considered to represent a potential regenerative therapy with which to improve Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases.In this review,we discuss how neural stem cells regulate neuroplasticity and optimize their effects to enhance their potential for treating Alzheimer’s disease in the clinic.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β cell therapy extracellular vesicle neural stem cell synaptic plasticity tau

Cholecystokinin and cholecystokinin-A receptor: An attractive treatment strategy for biliary dyskinesia?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期30卷 283-285页

作者： jun chang Yan Liu Ting-Can Jiang Lan Zhao Jian-Wei Liu Tianjin Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300381China Department of Gastroenterology Tianjin Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Nankai HospitalTianjin 300100China State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China School of Integrative Medicine Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 301617China

Biliary dyskinesia is a relatively common gastrointestinal disease that is increas-ing in incidence as living standards improve.However,its underlying pathogenesis remains unclear,hindering the development of therapeutic drugs.Recently,“Expression and functional study of cholecystokinin-A receptors on the interstitial Cajal-like cells of the guinea pig common bile duct”demonstrated that cholecystokinin(CCK)regulates the contractile function of the common bile duct through interaction with the CCK-A receptor in interstitial Cajal-like cells,contributing to improving the academic understanding of biliary tract dynamics and providing emerging directions for the pathogenesis and clinical management of biliary dyskinesia.This letter provides a brief overview of the role of CCK and CCK-A receptors in biliary dyskinesia from the perspective of animal experiments and clinical studies,and discusses prospects and challenges for the clinical application of CCK and CCK-A receptors as potential therapeutic targets.

关键词： Cholecystokinin Cholecystokinin-A receptor Biliary dyskinesia Interstitial Cajal-like cell Therapeutic target

Turning point of organoid transplantation:first-in-human trial of iPSC-derived retinal organoid grafting in patients with retinitis pigmentosa

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1082-1084页

作者： chang-jun Zhang Zi-Bing Jin Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China

The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)has revolutionized the field of disease research,providing a promising platform for studying various conditions.Over the last decade,significant progress has been made in combining iPSCs with other cutting-edge technologies to investigate disease mechanisms and develop potential treatments.

关键词： conditions patients retinitis

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser-melted PH13-8Mo stainless steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第4期31卷 945-955页

作者： Yuan Zhang Xiang Liu chang-jun Wang chang Liu School of Material Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093YunnanChina Central Iron&Steel Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100081China

PH13-8Mo stainless steel powder with high sphericity and well fluidity was prepared by the plasma rotating electrode process.The formed parts with ultra-high purity were manufactured by selective laser melting.The tensile and impact mechanical properties of the printed parts under three heat treatment regimes were compared to those without heat treatment.The microstructure,grain orientation and phase composition were characterized by electron-backscatter diffraction,X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy.The characterization results reveal that the addition of heat treatment makes the grains enlarge,and after different heat treatments,the average grain size from 1.51μm in the printed state increases to 2.78,3.09 and 2.06μm,respectively.The formed parts are mainly composed of martensite and retained austenite.Moreover,the NiAl and M23C precipitates form,which are the major strengthening phases of PH13-8Mo stainless steel.The optimal heat treatment process is 925℃×1 h water cooling(WC)+0℃×2 h air cooling(AC)+540℃×4 h AC.Using this heat treatment process,PH13-8Mo formed parts have the optimal comprehensive mechanical properties:the tensile strength,yield strength and impact energy KU2 are 1492 MPa,1432 MPa and 63 J,respectively.The strengthening and toughening via heat treatment are mainly attributed to dislocation strengthening,the formation of NiAl and M23Co precipitates and the change of volume fraction of the retained austenite.

关键词： High-strength stainless steel-Selective laser melting-Heat treatment Microstructure Mechanical property

CO_(2) hydrogenation to methanol over the copper promoted In_(2)O_(3) catalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第6期93卷 135-145,I0004页

作者： Rui Zou Chenyang Shen Kaihang Sun Xinbin Ma Zhuoshi Li Maoshuai Li chang-jun Liu School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science&Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

The metal promoted In_(2)O_(3) catalysts for CO_(2) hydrogenation to methanol have attracted wide attention because of their high activity with high methanol selectivity.However,there was still no experimental confirmation if copper could be a good promoter for In_(2)O_(3).Herein,the Cu promoted In_(2)O_(3) catalyst was prepared using a deposition-precipitation method.Such prepared Cu/In_(2)O_(3) catalyst shows significantly higher CO_(2) conversion and space time yield(STY)of methanol,compared to the un-promoted In_(2)O_(3) catalyst.The loading of Cu facilitates the activation of both H_(2) and CO_(2) with the interface between the Cu cluster and defective In_(2)O_(3) as the active site.The Cu/In_(2)O_(3) catalyst takes the CO hydrogenation pathway for methanol synthesis from CO_(2) hydrogenation.It exhibits a unique size effect on the CO adsorption.At temperatures below 250℃,CO adsorption on Cu/In_(2)O_(3) is stronger than that on In_(2)O_(3),causing higher methanol selectivity.With increasing temperatu res,the Cu catalyst aggregates,which leads to the formation of weak CO adsorption site and causes a decrease in the methanol selectivity.Compared with other metal promoted In_(2)O_(3) catalysts,it can be concluded that the catalyst with stronger CO adsorption possesses higher methanol selectivity.

关键词： CO_(2)hydrogenation Methanol Cu In_(2)O_(3) CO Selectivity DFT

A continuous and long-term in-situ stress measuring method based on fiber optic. Part I: Theory of inverse differential strain analysis

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1171-1189页

作者： Kun-Peng Zhang Mian Chen chang-jun Zhao Su Wang Yong-Dong Fan State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering in China University of Petroleum Beijing102249China Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

A method for in-situ stress measurement via fiber optics was proposed. The method utilizes the relationship between rock mass elastic parameters and in-situ stress. The approach offers the advantage of long-term stress measurements with high spatial resolution and frequency, significantly enhancing the ability to measure in-situ stress. The sensing casing, spirally wrapped with fiber optic, is cemented into the formation to establish a formation sensing nerve. Injecting fluid into the casing generates strain disturbance, establishing the relationship between rock mass properties and treatment pressure.Moreover, an optimization algorithm is established to invert the elastic parameters of formation via fiber optic strains. In the first part of this paper series, we established the theoretical basis for the inverse differential strain analysis method for in-situ stress measurement, which was subsequently verified using an analytical model. This paper is the fundamental basis for the inverse differential strain analysis method.

关键词： In-situ stress Fiber optic Orthotropic elastic Differential evolution ABAQUS

Algorithm of automatic identification of diabetic retinopathy foci based on ultra-widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscopy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第4期17卷 610-615页

作者： Jie Wang Su-Zhen Wang Xiao-Lin Qin Meng Chen Heng-Ming Zhang Xin Liu Meng-jun Xiang Jian-Bin Hu Hai-Yu Huang chang-jun Lan Aier Eye Hospital(East of Chengdu) Chengdu 610051Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Ophthalmology Chengdu First People’s HospitalChengdu 610095Sichuan ProvinceChina School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610097Sichuan ProvinceChina Chengdu Aier Eye Hospital Chengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

AIM:To propose an algorithm for automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy(DR)lesions based on ultra-widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscopy(SLO).METHODS:The algorithm utilized the FasterRCNN(Faster Regions with CNN features)+ResNet50(Residua Network 50)+FPN(Feature Pyramid Networks)method for detecting hemorrhagic spots,cotton wool spots,exudates,and microaneurysms in DR ultra-widefield SLO.Subimage segmentation combined with a deeper residual network FasterRCNN+ResNet50 was employed for feature extraction to enhance intelligent learning rate.Feature fusion was carried out by the feature pyramid network FPN,which significantly improved lesion detection rates in SLO fundus images.RESULTS:By analyzing 1076 ultra-widefield SLO images provided by our hospital,with a resolution of 2600×2048 dpi,the accuracy rates for hemorrhagic spots,cotton wool spots,exudates,and microaneurysms were found to be 87.23%,83.57%,86.75%,and 54.94%,respectively.CONCLUSION:The proposed algorithm demonstrates intelligent detection of DR lesions in ultra-widefield SLO,providing significant advantages over traditional fundus color imaging intelligent diagnosis algorithms.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy ultra-widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscopy intelligent diagnosis system

Immunomodulation:The next target of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the context of ischemic stroke

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2023年第3期15卷 52-70页

作者： Xiao-Qian Shan Yong-Yin Luo jun chang Jing-Jing Song Nan Hao Lan Zhao First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300381China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion Tianjin 300381China

Ischemic stroke(IS)is the most prevalent form of brain disease,characterized by high morbidity,disability,and mortality.However,there is still a lack of ideal prevention and treatment measures in clinical practice.Notably,the trans-plantation therapy of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)has been a hot research topic in stroke.Nevertheless,there are risks associated with this cell therapy,including tumor formation,coagulation dysfunction,and vascular occlusion.Also,a growing number of studies suggest that the therapeutic effect after transplantation of MSCs is mainly attributed to MSC-derived exosomes(MSC-Exos).And this cell-free mediated therapy appears to circumvent many risks and difficulties when compared to cell therapy,and it may be the most promising new strategy for treating stroke as stem cell replacement therapy.Studies suggest that suppressing inflammation via modulation of the immune response is an additional treatment option for IS.Intriguingly,MSC-Exos mediates the inflam-matory immune response following IS by modulating the central nervous system,the peripheral immune system,and immunomodulatory molecules,thereby promoting neurofunctional recovery after stroke.Thus,this paper reviews the role,potential mechanisms,and therapeutic potential of MSC-Exos in post-IS inflammation in order to identify new research targets.

关键词： Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes Ischemic stroke Immunomodulation Inflammation Exosome therapy

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MMCSC:一种跨模态的假新闻检测方法

东北大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第1期45卷 18-25页

作者：赵越郝琨赵敬信俊昌东北大学医学与生物信息工程学院辽宁沈阳110169 东北大学计算机科学与工程学院辽宁沈阳110169 辽宁省大数据管理与分析重点实验室辽宁沈阳110169

目前基于新闻内容的假新闻检测方法没有考虑到不同模态更高层的语义关联,缺少可以依据的信息对新闻进行判断,从而缺乏对有重要辨别特征的新闻的社交网络信息进行有效使用.针对这个问题,提出了基于新闻内容的假新闻检测方法,通过提取文... 详细信息

目前基于新闻内容的假新闻检测方法没有考虑到不同模态更高层的语义关联,缺少可以依据的信息对新闻进行判断,从而缺乏对有重要辨别特征的新闻的社交网络信息进行有效使用.针对这个问题,提出了基于新闻内容的假新闻检测方法,通过提取文本、图像和视频等多模态新闻的高层语义特征,分析不同模态高层语义信息,设计跨模态主题一致性和跨模态情感一致性计算方法.在此基础上,设计了一种跨模态内容语义一致性的假新闻检测模型MMCSC(multi-modal feature content semantic consistency).实验证明,相比于传统方法,所提出的MMCSC有较好的检测效果.

关键词：假新闻检测内容语义一致性跨模态主题一致性跨模态情感一致性