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Prevalence of pathogenic free-living amoeba and other protozoa in natural and communal piped tap water from Queen Elizabeth protected area, Uganda

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 595-608页

作者： Celsus Sente Joseph Erume Irene Naigaga julius mulindwa Sylvester Ochwo Phillip Kimuda Magambo Benigna Gabriela Namara Charles Drago Kato George Sebyatika Kevin Muwonge Michael Ocaido Department of Wildlife and Aquatic Animal Resources(WAAR) School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources(SVAR)College of Veterinary MedicineAnimal Resources and Biosecurity(COVAB)Makerere UniversityP.O.Box 7062KampalaUganda Department of Biomolecular Resources and Biolab Sciences School of Bio-securityBiotechnical and Laboratory Sciences(SBLS)College of Veterinary MedicineAnimal Resources and Biosecurity(COVAB)Makerere UniversityP.O.Box 7062KampalaUganda Department of Biochemistry and Sports Science(BSS) College of Natural Sciences(CONAS)Makerere UniversityP.O.Box 7062KampalaUganda Medical Research Council(MRC)/Uganda Virus Research Institute(UVRI) Research Unit on AIDSP.O.Box 49EntebbeUganda Department of Molecular Biology Vrije UniversiteitPleinlaan 21050BrusselsBelgium

Background:Pathogenic water dwelling protozoa such as Acanthamoeba spp.,Hartmannella spp.,Naegleria spp.,Cryptosporidium *** Giardia *** often responsible for devastating illnesses especially in children and immunocompromised individuals,yet their presence and prevalence in certain environment in sub-Saharan Africa is still unknown to most researchers,public health officials and medical *** objective of this study was to establish the presence and prevalence of pathogenic free-living amoeba(FLA),Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Queen Elizabeth Protected Area(QEPA).Methods:Samples were collected from communal taps and natural water sites in *** water parameters were measured in *** samples were processed to detect the presence of FLA trophozoites by xenic cultivation,Cryptosporidium oocysts by Ziehl-Neelsen stain and Giardia cysts by Zinc Sulphate floatation *** were observed microscopically,identified,counted and *** FLA,genomic DNA was extracted for amplification and ***:Both natural and tap water sources were contaminated with FLA,Cryptosporidium *** Giardia *** protozoan parasites were more abundant in the colder rainy season except for Harmannella *** Naegleria *** occurred more in the warmer *** prevalence of all parasites was higher in tap water than in natural water *** was a strong negative correlation between the presence of Acanthamoeba spp.,Hartmannella spp.,Cryptosporidium *** Giardia *** Dissolved Oxygen(DO)(P<0.05).The presence of Cryptosporidium *** a significant positive correlation(P<0.05)with conductivity,pH and Total Dissolved Solids(TDS);whereas the presence of Giardia *** only a strong positive correlation with *** genotyping of FLA produced 7 Acanthamoeba,5 Echinamoeba,2 Hartmannella,1 Bodomorpha,1 Nuclearia and 1 Cercomonas partial ***:All water collection sites were found to be contamina

关键词： Prevalence Free-living Protozoa Water Queen Elizabeth Uganda

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Suitability of Kabanyolo Soils for Fruit and Vegetable Production

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2017年第2期7卷 19-33页

作者： Paul Okiror julius Bunny Lejju Joseph Bahati Grace Kagoro Rugunda Collins Inno Sebuuwufu Patrick mulindwa Jolly Joe Ocan Faculty of Science Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara Uganda School of Forestry Environmental and Geographical Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda School of Engineering Makerere University Kampala Uganda

This paper presents results of soil analysis for samples extracted from Makerere University Agricultural Research Institute Kabanyolo. The study was aimed at ascertaining the suitability of MUARIK soils for fruit (pineapple, passion fruit and watermelon) and vegetable (cabbage, eggplant, tomato and pumpkin) growth, yield and maturity. Soil morphological, physical and chemical properties were probed by excavating a 1.86 meter soil profile pit and sampling soils in 9 equidistant locations at MUARIK. The soil morphology and physical properties were described using the Munsel colour chart and USDA classification system while chemical parameters were determined in Makerere University Soil Laboratory following procedures described by Okalebo et al. [1]. Three pedon layers (RSK-H1, RSK-H3 and RSK-H5) had gradual boundaries while RSK-H4 was continuous. However, RSK-H2 and RSK-H6 had abrupt boundary layers. The texture of the profiles was clayey (52%). The soils were acidic with a pH of 6.08 (sub soil) to 6.12 (top soil). On comparison with standard requirements for target fruits and vegetables, the site was deficient in most of the minerals including P (8.88-12.42 pmm), Ca (6.46-7.92 pmm), K (0.06-0.47 pmm), Mg (1.37-1.70 pmm), Na (0.17-0.23 pmm), N (0.18-0.19 pmm), and soil organic matter (4.53%-4.81%). Sand and clay had the highest negative significant correlation (r = ǂ.94, p < 0.01) in the top soil. The highest positive significant correlation was observed between Ca and Mg both in the topsoil (r = 0.96, p < 0.01) and subsoil (r = 0.99, p < 0.01). MUARIK is suitable for growing cabbage and pumpkin. However, for improved growth, yields and maturity, the soils should be amended with manure (watermelon), lime (passion fruit and tomato) and sulphur (eggplant and pineapples).

关键词： Fruits Kabanyolo Vegetables Soil Suitability

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