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Can soil microbial diversity influence plant metabolites and life history traits of a rhizophagous insect？ A demonstration in oilseed rape

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1045-1056页

作者： Tom Lachaise Morgane Ourry Lionel Lebreton Anne-Yvonne Guillerm-Erckelboudt juliette Linglin Chrystelle Paty valerie Chaminade Nathalie Marnet Julie Aubert Denis Poinsot Anne-Marie Cortesero Christophe Mougel IGEPP Agrocampus Ouest INRA Universite de Rennes 1 Le Rheu France IGEPP Agrocampus Ouest INRA Universite de Rennes 1 Universite Bretagne-Loire Rennes France INRA UR1268 BIA-Le Rheu France INRA-AgroParisTech UMR 518 Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences-Paris France

Interactions between plants and phytophagous insects play an important part in shaping the biochemical composition of plants. Reciprocally plant metabolites can influ- ence major life history traits in these insects and largely contribute to their fitness. Plant rhizospheric microorganisms are an important biotic factor modulating plant metabolites and adaptation to stress. While plant-insects or plant-microorganisms interactions and their consequences on the plant metabolite signature are well-documented, the impact of soil microbial communities on plant defenses against phytophagous insects remains poorly known. In this study, we used oilseed rape （Brassica napus） and the cabbage root fly （Delia radicum） as biological models to tackle this question. Even though D. radicum is a belowground herbivore as a larva, its adult life history traits depend on aboveground signals. We therefore tested whether soil microbial diversity influenced emergence rate and fitness but also fly oviposition behavior, and tried to link possible effects to modifications in leaf and root metabolites. Through a removal-recolonization experiment, 3 soil microbial modalities （＂high,＂＂medium,＂＂low＂） were established and assessed through amplicon sequencing of 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA genes. The ＂medium＂ modality in the rhizosphere significantly improved insect development traits. Plant-microorganism interactions were marginally associated to modulations of root metabolites profiles, which could partly explain these results. We highlighted the potential role of plant-microbial interaction in plant defenses against Delia radicum. Rhizospheric microbial communities must be taken into account when analyzing plant defenses against herbivores, being either below or aboveground.

关键词： Brassica napus Delia radicum life history traits plant primary and secondary metabolites rhizophagous pest soil microbial diversity

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Therapeutic Routes of a Group of Heart Failure Patients Followed in a Cameroonian Urban Setting

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023年第10期13卷 686-700页

作者： Chris Nadège Nganou-Gnindjio Bâ Hamadou Melissa Djuidje Djampouop Marie Ntep Gwet Félicité Kamdem Pierre Mintom juliette valerie ndob. Siddikatou Djibrilla Guillaume Ebene Manon Joel Noutackdie Tochie Samuel Kingue Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé Université des Montagnes Bangangte Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceuticals Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a rising global health problem. Patients with HF tend to use several therapies obtained via different treatment routes to relieve their symptoms. It is rampant in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), leading to poor health-seeking behaviours and worsened HF health outcomes. We aimed to describe the different therapeutic routes of HF patients from the onset of their first symptom until treatment in a specialised cardiology centre to identify and rebuke harmful therapeutic routes. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at the Yaoundé Central Hospital in Cameroon between December 2018 to July 2019. Patients were recruited by consecutive convenient sampling. Adult patients aged above 18 years with confirmed HF were included using the Framingham criteria. Variables relating to socio-demographic and clinical data and the health-seeking behaviours of HF patients were studied. Results: We included 132 patients with a mean age of 62.90 years (62.88% women). Very few patients (0.90%) followed an ideal route;60.71% of subjects had a pseudo-ideal route, 19.64% accessed a specialised facility directly, and 21.42% used an erratic route. At the arrival time in a cardiology unit, 49.24% and 35.61% of our subjects were in NYHA stage III and IV HF compared to 15.15% for stage II. None of them was in Stage I. Conclusion: Most heart failure patients in Cameroon have resorted to non-specialised care, which worsens their clinical presentation. There is an urgent need for health education of HF patients in our context.

关键词： Heart Failure Therapeutic Care Route Cameroon

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Subclinical proximal tubulopathy in hepatitis B:The roles of nucleot(s)ide analogue treatment and the hepatitis B virus

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World Journal of Hepatology 2020年第12期12卷 1326-1340页

作者： Anais Brayette Marie Essig Paul Carrier Marilyne Debette-Gratien Anais Labrunie Sophie Alain Marianne Maynard Nathalie Ganne-Carrie Eric Nguyen-Khac Pauline Pinet Victor De Ledinghen Christophe Renou Philippe Mathurin Claire Vanlemmens Vincent Di Martino Anne Gervais juliette Foucher Fouchard-Hubert Isabelle Julien Vergniol Isabelle Hourmand-Ollivier Daniel Cohen Xavier Duval Thierry Poynard Marc Bardou Armand Abergel Manh-Thong Dao Thierry Thevenot Jean-Baptiste Hiriart valerie Canva Guillaume Lassailly Christine Aurières Nathalie Boyer Dominique Thabut Pierre-Henri Bernard Matthieu Schnee Dominique Larrey Bertrand Hanslik Severine Hommel Jeremie Jacques Veronique Loustaud-Ratti U1248 INSERM Department of Hepatology and GastroenterologyUniv.LimogesCHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France U1248 INSERM Department of Nephrology and TransplantationCHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France Department of Center of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Research MethodologyCHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France U1092 INSERM Department of VirologyCHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France Department of Hepatology Croix-Rousse University Hospital of LyonLyon 69004France Department of Hepatology Jean Verdier University Hospital of BondyBondy 93140France Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Amiens University HospitalAmiens 80054France Department of Infectious Diseases CHU LimogesLimoges F-87000France Department of Hepatology Haut Leveque HospitalBordeaux University HospitalPessac 33604France Department of Gastroenterology Hyeres HospitalHyeres 83407France Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology Claude Huriez University HospitalLille 59037France Department of Hepatology Jean Minjoz University HospitalBesançon 25030France Department of Infectious Diseases Bichat University HospitalParis 75018France Department of Hepatology University Hospital of AngersAngers 49933France Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition University Hospital of CaenCaen 14033France Department of General Medecine University Hospital of CaenCaen 14000France Department of Hepatology La Pitié-Salpêtrière University HospitalParis 75651France Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Dijon University HospitalDijon 21079France Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Estaing University HospitalClermont Ferrand 63003France Department of Hepatology Beaujon University HospitalClichy 92110France Department of Hepatology Saint-AndréUniversity HospitalBordeaux 33000France Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology La Roche-Sur-Yon Hospital CenterLa Roche-Sur-Yon 85000France Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology University Hospital of MontpellierMontpellier 34295France Department of Addictology Hospita

BACKGROUND The recommended monitoring tools for evaluating nucleot(s)ide analogue renal toxicity,such as estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)and phosphatemia,are late markers of proximal *** early markers are available,but no consensus exists on their *** To determine the 24 mo prevalence of subclinical proximal tubulopathy(SPT),as defined with early biomarkers,in treated vs untreated hepatitis B virus(HBV)-monoinfected *** A prospective,non-randomized,multicenter study of HBV-monoinfected patients with a low number of renal comorbidities was *** patients were separated into three groups:Naïve,starting entecavir(ETV)treatment,or starting tenofovir disoproxil(TDF)*** on the early markers of SPT,the eGFR and phosphatemia,were collected *** was defined as a maximal tubular reabsorption of phosphate/eGFR below 0.8 mmoL/L and/or uric acid fractional excretion above 10%.The prevalence and cumulative incidence of SPT at month 24(M24)were *** data were analyzed using analyses of variance or Kruskal-Wallis tests,whereas chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests were used to analyze qualitative *** analyses were used to adjust for any potential confounding *** Of the 196 patients analyzed,138(84 naïve,28 starting ETV,and 26 starting TDF)had no SPT at *** M24,the prevalence of SPT was not statistically different between naïve and either treated group(21.1%vs 30.7%,P<0.42 and 50.0%vs 30.7%,P=0.32 for ETV and TDF,respectively);no patient had an eGFR lower than 50 mL/min/1.73 m²or phosphatemia less than 0.48 mmoL/*** the multivariate analysis,no explanatory variables were identified after *** cumulative incidence of SPT over 24 mo(25.5%,13.3%,and 52.9%in the naïve,ETV,and TDF groups,respectively)tended to be higher in the TDF group vs the naïve group(hazard ratio:2.283,P=0.05).SPT-free survival at M24 was 57.6%,68.8%,and 23.5%for the naïve,ETV,and TD

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Proximal tubulopathy Biomarkers Renal insufficiency Nucleoside analogues

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