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Monitoring dynamics of defects and single Fe atoms in N-functionalized few-layer graphene by in situ temperature programmed scanning transmission electron microscopy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 520-530,I0014页

作者： Rosa Arrigo Takeo Sasaki june Callison Diego Gianolio Manfred Erwin Schuster School of Science Engineering and EnvironmentUniversity of SalfordManchester M54WTUK Diamond Light Source Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcot 0X1/ODEUK JEOL UK Ltd.JEOL House 1-2 Silver CourtWatchmeadWelwyn Garden CityHerts AL71LTUK Department of Chemistry University College London20 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H OAJUK UK Catalysis Hub Research Complex at Harwell(RCaH)Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell Oxon 0X11 OFAUK Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Reading RG49NH.UK

In this study,we aim to contribute an understanding of the pathway of formation of Fe species during top-down synthesis of dispersed Fe on N-functionalized few layer graphene,widely used in electrocatalysis.We use X-ray absorption spectroscopy to determine the electronic structure and coordination geometry of the Fe species and in situ high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with atomic resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy to localize these,identify their chemical configuration and monitor their dynamics during thermal annealing.We show the high mobility of peripheral Fe atoms,first diffusing rapidly at the trims of the graphene layers and at temperatures as high as 573 K,diffusing from the edge planes towards in-plane locations of the graphene layers forming three-,four-coordinated metal sites and more complexes polynuclear Fe species.This process occurs via bond C-C breaking which partially reduces the extension of the graphene domains.However,the vast majority of Fe is segregated as a metal phase.This dynamic interconversion depends on the structural details of the surrounding graphitic environment in which these are formed as well as the Fe loading.N species appear stabilizing isolated and polynuclear Fe species even at temperatures as high as 873 K.The significance of our results lies on the fact that single Fe atoms in graphene are highly mobile and therefore a structural description of the electroactive sites as such is insufficient and more complex species might be more relevant,especially in the case of multielectron transfer reactions.Here we provide the experimental evidence of the formation of these polynuclear Fe-N sites and their structural characteristics.

关键词： HAADF-STEM Single Fe atom sites N-doped Few-layer graphene Dinuclear Fe species

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AME证据系列001--转化医学协会:脓毒症诊断和早期识别的临床实践指南

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临床与病理杂志 2016年第10期36卷 1467-1476页

作者： Zhongheng Zhang Nathan J.Smischney Haibo Zhang Sven Van Poucke Panagiotis Tsirigotis Jordi Rello Patrick M.Honore Win Sen Kuan juliet june ray Jiancang Zhou You Shang Yuetian Yu Christian Jung Chiara Robba Fabio Silvio Taccone Pietro Caironi David Grimaldi Stefan Hofer George Dimopoulos Marc Leone Sang-Bum Hong Mabrouk Bahloul Laurent Argaud Won Young Kim Herbert D.Spapen Jose Rodolfo Rocco 张建成(译) 尚游(译) 钟鸣(校) Department of Emergency Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016 Department of Critical Care Medicine Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityJinhua Zhejiang 321000 Department of Anesthesiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Science of St.Michael's Hospital Departments of Anesthesia and PhysiologyInterdepartmental Division of Critical Care MedicineUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada Departments of Anesthesiology Critical CareEmergency Medicine and Pain TherapyZiekenhuis Oost-Limburgy GenkBelgium 2nd Department of Internal Medicine Attikcon University HospitalMedical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece CIBERES Vall d'Hebron Institut of ResearchUniversitat Autonoma de BarcelonaSpain Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussely Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels BrusselsBelgium Emergency Medicine Department National University HospitalNational University Health SystemSingapore and the Department of SurgeryYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery Jackson Memorial HospitalUniversity of Miami Leonard M.Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Critical Care Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016 Department of Critical Care Medicine Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegueHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022 Department of Critical Care Medicine Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200001 University Hospital Dusseldorf Heinrich-Heine-University DusseldorfMedical FacultyDivision of CardiologyPulmonology and Vascular MedicineDusseldorfGermany Neurosciences Critical Care Unit Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK Department of Intensive Care Hopital ErasmeUniversite Libre de Bruxelles(ULB)BrusselsBelgium Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda-Ospedale

脓毒症是一种由感染引起的异质性疾病,感染触发了一系列复杂的局部或者全身的免疫炎症反应,引起多器官功能衰竭,发病率和病死率显著升高。由于至今仍然没有诊断脓毒症的金标准,所以脓毒症的临床诊断仍是一个难题。因此,脓毒症的临床诊... 详细信息

脓毒症是一种由感染引起的异质性疾病,感染触发了一系列复杂的局部或者全身的免疫炎症反应,引起多器官功能衰竭,发病率和病死率显著升高。由于至今仍然没有诊断脓毒症的金标准,所以脓毒症的临床诊断仍是一个难题。因此,脓毒症的临床诊断需要不断改变来满足临床和研究的要求。然而,尽管有许多新型的生物标记和筛选工具去预测脓毒症发生的风险,但是这些措施的诊断价值和有效性不足以让人满意,并且没有充分的证据去建议临床使用这些新技术。因此,脓毒症的临床诊断标准需要定期更新去适应不断产生的新证据。这篇综述旨在呈现当前脓毒症的诊断和早期识别方面的最新研究证据。临床运用不同的诊断方法的推荐意见依赖于推荐、评价、发展和评估分级体系(Grades of Recommendation Assessment,Development and Evaluation,GRADE),因为大部分的研究是观察性研究,并没有对这些方法进行可靠评估,采用的是两步推理方法。未来需要更多研究来确认或者反驳某一特殊的指标检测,同时应该直接采用相关病人的结果数据。

关键词：脓毒症早期识别诊断

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Parameter evaluation for soil erosion estimation on small watersheds using SWAT model

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第1期12卷 96-108页

作者： Fiaz Hussain Ghulam Nabi ray-Shyan Wu Bashir Hussain Tanveer Abbas Department of Civil Engineering National Central UniversityTaiwan 32001China PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi 46000 Pakistan Centre of Excellence in Water Resources Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Soil and Water Conservation Research Institute(SAWCRI)Chakwal Chakwal 48800Pakistan

This research was undertaken for the evaluation of soil erosion using the semi-distributed basin scale SWAT model for four subcatchments of the Dhrabi River Catchment(DRC),which is located in the Pothwar Plateau region.Two subcatchments(catchment-25 and-31)are characterized by gullies while the other two(catchment-27 and-32)are managed with terraced landuse system.The performance of the model was satisfactory with coefficient of determination(R^(2))=0.67 to 0.91 and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(ENS)=0.54 to 0.85 for both surface runoff and sediment yield during the calibration(2009-2010)and validation(2011)periods.The PUSLE factor was found to be the most sensitive parameter during model calibration.It was observed that all of the rainfall-runoff events occurred during the monsoon season(june to September).The estimated annual sediment loss ranged from 2.6 t/hm^(2) to 31.1 t/hm^(2) over the duration of the simulation period for the non-terraced catchments,in response to annual precipitation amounts that were between 194.8 mm to 579.3 mm.In contrast,the predicted annual sediment levels for the terraced catchments ranged from 0.52 t/hm^(2) to 10.10 t/hm^(2) due to similar precipitation amounts.The terraced catchments resulted in 4 to 5 times lower sediment yield as compared to non-terraced catchments.The results suggest that there is a huge potential for terraces to reduce soil erosion in the DRC specifically and Pothwar area generally,which have proven to be an efficient approach to establishing soil and water conservation structures in this region.

关键词： SWAT modeling sediment yield Modified version of Universal Soil Loss Equation(MUSLE) calibration validation parameter evaluation small watersheds

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Precipitation-runoff simulation for a Himalayan River Basin, India using artificial neural network algorithms

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2013年第1期5卷 85-95页

作者： ray Singh Meena Ramakar Jha Kishanjit Kumar Khatua Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela India

In the Himalayan regions, precipitation-runoff relationships are amongst the most complex hydrological phenomena, due to varying topography and basin characteristics. In this study, different artificial neural networks （ANNs） algorithms were used to simulate daily nmoff at three discharge measuring sites in the Himalayan Kosi River Basin, India, using various combinations of precipitation-runoff data as input variables. The data used for this study was collected for the monsoon period （june to Oc- tober） during the years of 2005 to 2009. ANNs were trained using different training algorithms, leaming rates, length of data and number of hidden neurons. A comprehensive multi-criteria validation test for precipitation-runoff modeling has been un- dertaken to evaluate model performance and test its validity for generating scenarios. Global statistics have demonstrated that the multilayer perceptron with three hidden layers （MLP-3） is the best ANN for basin comparisons with other MLP networks and Radial Basis Functions （RBF）. Furthermore, non-parametric tests also illustrate that the MLP-3 network is the best net- work to reproduce the mean and variance of observed runoff. The performance of ANNs was demonstrated for flows during the monsoon season, having different soil moisture conditions during period from june to October.

关键词： precipitation-runoff ANN multilayer perceptron radial basis fimctions

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Pregnancy outcomes and risk factors for low birth weight and preterm delivery among HIV-infected pregnant women in Guangxi, China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第3期125卷 403-409页

作者： Yu Lan Li Wen-ying Chen, ray Y. Tang Zhi-rong Pang Jun Gui Xiu-zhi Meng Xiu-ning Zhang Fu-jie Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Natl Ctr AIDS STD Control & Prevent Beijing 100050 Peoples R China USCDC Global AIDS Program Beijing Off Beijing 100000 Peoples R China US Embassy US Natl Inst Hlth Natl Inst Allergy & Infect Dis Beijing 100000 Peoples R China Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Outpatient Clin Nanning 530000 Guangxi Peoples R China 4 Infect Dis Hosp Nanning Dept Obstet & Gynecol Nanning 530000 Guangxi Peoples R China Maternal & Child Care Serv Hosp Liuzhou Liuzhou 545001 Guangxi Peoples R China Maternal & Child Care Serv Hosp Hengxian Hengxian 530300 Guangxi Peoples R China Capital Med Univ Beijing Ditan Hosp Beijing 100015 Peoples R China

Background Six provinces in China accounted for 70%-80% of all reported HIV/AIDS cases in the country in 2009 and five provinces accounted for 78% of all reported mother-to-child transmission （MTCT） of HIV cases. Because Guangxi belonged to both groups, the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission （PMTCT） Plus program was established there to understand better low birth weight （LBW） and preterm delivery （PD） birth outcomes and their associated risk factors better. Methods Pregnancy outcomes were examined among HIV-infected pregnant women who enrolled in the PMTCT Plus program from june 2006 to February 2009 in Guangxi, China. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors associated with LBW （〈2500 g） and PD （gestational age 〈37 weeks）. Results The prevalence of LBW and PD among 194 HIV-positive mothers was 19.6% （38/194） and 9.8% （19/194）, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that CD4 cell count 〈100 cell/IJI （multivariate-adjusted odds ratio （AOR） 5.52; 95% Cl 1.11-25.55） and CD4 cell count 100-199 cells/IJI （AOR3.40; 95% Cl 1.03-11.25, compared to CD4 cell count 〉350 cells/IJI）, gestational age 〈37 weeks （AOR 4.38; 95% Cl 1.29-14.82, compared to 〉37 weeks）, maternal weight 〈45 kg （AOR 5.64; 95% Cl 1.09-29.07） and maternal weight 45-54 kg （AOR 3.55; 95% CI 1.31-9.60, compared to 〉55 kg） at enrollment, and H IV RNA 〉100 000 copies/ml at enrollment （AOR 4.22; 95% CI 1.24-14.32） and 20 000-99 999 （AOR 2.77; 95% Cl 1.01-7.77, compared to 〈20 000 copies/ml） were associated with a higher risk of LBW. For PD, only maternal injection drug use as the route of HIV transmission （AOR 5.30; 95% Cl 1.33-21.14, compared to those infected with HIV through sexual transmission） was significantly associated with a higher risk of PD. Conclusions Lower CD4 cell count and higher HIV RNA viral load at enrollment were associated with LBW. Optimal antenatal care, including earlier antenatal screening and HIV diagnosis, is critical to earlier PMTCT prophylaxis and/or HIV treatm

关键词： pregnancy outcome low birth weight preterm delivery HIV,＂ pregnant women

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Study on mineral structural stability of marine 1nm manganate

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1999年第2期18卷 257-266页

作者： Qian Jiangchu 1. Second Insititute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China (Received june 24, 1996 accepted March 3, 1998) Second Insititute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China

In order to study the phase transformation between 1nm manganate and 0.7nm manganate, a series of Slum Me^(2+) manganates were made after the synthetic 1nm Na^+ manganate substituted with different kinds of divalent cations. The X-ray diffraction analysis of wet S1nm Me^(2+) manganates after 24 h room temperature dry showed that their basal d-spacing had been changed, indicating that there was phase transformation between 1nm and 0.7nm manganates. Take 1nm manganates with unstable structure collapsed into 0. 7nm manganate by losing one interlayer OH-H_2O, while those with stable structure still retained the 1nm d-spacing. This factor reminds us that the manganese nodule samples must be kept in wet condition to avoid the misleading results. The structural stabdity of 1nn manganate is mainly controlled by the interlayer divalent cations. There is a possitive correlation between the amount of cations in the interlayer and the structural stability, while the capacity of different canons in stabilizing the structure of 1nm manganate is as follows: Ni > Cu > Co > Zn > Ca>Mg > Na.

关键词： Manganese nodules 1nm manganate phase transformation structural stability

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DBC1通过Sirt1-RORγt信号通路调控Th17细胞影响胶原诱导关节炎小鼠的发病

DBC1通过Sirt1-RORγt信号通路调控Th17细胞影响胶原诱导关节炎小...

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第十三届全国免疫学学术大会

作者：雒扬 Julie Wang ray june Joseph Bellanti Bernhard Ryffel 郑颂国中山大学附属第三医院

我们曾首次报道乳腺癌缺失因子1(DBC1)可与Treg特异性转录因子Foxp3结合,下调Treg中Foxp3的表达,使nTreg向Th17细胞转化,从而影响自身免疫性脑脊髓膜炎的发病。DBC1是否也调控Th17细胞的分化与增殖,再通过影响Treg/Th17细胞的平衡参与... 详细信息

我们曾首次报道乳腺癌缺失因子1(DBC1)可与Treg特异性转录因子Foxp3结合,下调Treg中Foxp3的表达,使nTreg向Th17细胞转化,从而影响自身免疫性脑脊髓膜炎的发病。DBC1是否也调控Th17细胞的分化与增殖,再通过影响Treg/Th17细胞的平衡参与胶原诱导小鼠关节炎(CIA)的发生发展,均未有报道。我们过继转输来自DBC1+/+和DBC1小鼠的并带有Foxp3-GFP和IL-17-RFP荧光的幼稚性T细胞(na?ve Tcells)到Rag1小鼠体内,动态跟踪这群细胞在体内的分化,同时与体外诱导(in vitro)na?ve T转变为Th17,Th1,iTreg细胞的结果对比,观察DBC1对T细胞亚群分化和增值的作用。我们也利用骨髓嵌合体模型进一步证实了DBC1对T细胞亚群分化的影响。其次,我们杂交B6和DBA1小鼠得到DBA1 DBC1及DBA1 DBC1Foxp3-GFP小鼠并诱导关节炎,观察DBC1是否影响小鼠关节炎的发病,DBC1是否在CIA中影响Treg/Th17细胞的平衡。同时我们分离出这两种关节炎鼠的Treg细胞转输到Rag1肠炎小鼠体内,观察疾病状态下DBC1对Treg免疫抑制力的影响差异。最后,我们用westernblot、慢病毒转染等手段探索DBC1影响RORγt表达和稳定的分子机制发现DBC1敲除的na?ve T在体内更多的表达Foxp3,而IL-17P以及IFN-γ明显减少,其与在体外Th1,Th17and Treg细胞分化的结果一致。用牛胶原免疫DBA1DBC1小鼠诱导关节炎,发现其疾病严重程度和关节破坏等明显轻于正常小鼠。同时,DBC1敲除CIA中Treg比例显著增加(以iTreg为主),Th17明显减少;且DBC1CIA小鼠的Treg相比正常小鼠更稳定,具有更强的抑制能力。利用免疫共沉淀方法发现DBC1不仅降解Foxp3,同时DBC1通过抑制Sirt1信号通路中蛋白酶体的表达作用于RORγt,维持RORγt的稳定表达,进而维持并促进Th17细胞的分化DBC1负调控Treg细胞,促进Th17细胞的分化与增值,改变Treg/Th17细胞动态平衡,影响关节炎的发生发展。因此DBC1可望成为治疗关节炎或其他自身免疫性疾病的新靶点。

关键词： DBC1 Treg Th17 CIA

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Post-Harvest Handling Practices and Losses for Legumes and Starchy Staples in Uganda

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第1期9卷 141-156页

作者： juliet E. Tibagonzeka Grace Akumu Florence Kiyimba Abel Atukwase Julius Wambete Joseph Bbemba John H. Muyonga School of Food Technology Nutrition & Bioengineering Makerere University Kampala Uganda National Agricultural Research Organization Entebbe Uganda Volunteer Efforts for Development Concern Kampala Uganda

High postharvest losses in developing countries negate the efforts geared towards improving food security. Poor produce quality including high prevalence of mycotoxin contamination is another significant problem. Appropriate postharvest handling and processing provide opportunities to reduce postharvest losses and improve food safety. This study was aimed at establishing the postharvest handling practices and estimating qualitative and quantitative postharvest losses for maize, millet, sorghum, beans, groundnuts, cassava, and sweet potatoes among farmers in 3 districts (Kamuli, Apac and Nakasongola) in Uganda, representing different agro-ecological zones. The study was done in late August 2014 after the first season harvests (june-August). Farmer interviews, focus group discussions and key informant interviews were used to collect data on postharvest loss estimates and postharvest handling practices. Samples of the different foods were collected and analyzed for physical quality characteristics, mould count and aflatoxin contamination using standard laboratory procedures. The results show predominance of rudimentary and inappropriate postharvest handling methods. Postharvest loss estimates were generally high, with values of 41%, 33%, 33%, 26%, 31%, 22%, 17% and 19% for maize, millet, sorghum, beans, groundnuts, cowpea, sweet potatoes and cassava respectively. The highest loss for all the crops was recorded at storage. Prevalence of aflatoxin contamination was 44%, 91%, 55%, 36%, 35% and 60% for maize, sorghum, groundnuts, millet, sweet potatoes and cassava respectively. Sorghum, maize and groundnuts were found to have the highest aflatoxin contamination levels. Chi-square test (p = 0.024, odds ratio = 5) showed that grain dried on bare ground had higher aflatoxin levels than that dried on a covered surface. The findings of this study reveal a serious need for postharvest interventions as a strategy to address food security.

关键词： Aflatoxins Mould Contamination Postharvest Losses Postharvest Practices Grain Storage Crop Drying

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早期乳腺癌保乳术后部分乳腺高剂量率后装加速照射的毒性反应及美容效果

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中华放射肿瘤学杂志 2007年第1期16卷 25-29页

作者：修霞 Tripuraneni Prabhakar Giap Huan Lin ray Chu Colin 北京医院放疗科 100730 Tripuraneni Prabhakar Giap HuanLin RayChu Colin

目的介绍早期乳腺癌保乳术后单独行局部高剂量率组织间插植加速照射的方法、副作用及美容效果。方法46例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌的47个乳腺在肿瘤局部扩大切除后使用了高剂量率^192Ir组织间插植瘤床区加速照射（APBI）。符合条件的患者包括年龄... 详细信息

目的介绍早期乳腺癌保乳术后单独行局部高剂量率组织间插植加速照射的方法、副作用及美容效果。方法46例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌的47个乳腺在肿瘤局部扩大切除后使用了高剂量率^192Ir组织间插植瘤床区加速照射（APBI）。符合条件的患者包括年龄＞40岁、T1～T2N0～N1（≤3阳性淋巴结），手术切缘＞1～2mm，小叶癌和炎性乳腺癌除外。术后接受高剂量率近距离放疗，2次／d，间隔至少6h，总量34Gy分10次5d完成。治疗后1、6、12个月及以上观察毒性反应及美容效果。结果全组患者随访18～46个月（中位随访34个月），治疗期间急性反应包括红斑、水肿、乳腺触痛和感染共21例（46％），均为1～2级，无3～4级发生。晚期毒性包括皮肤纤维化、乳腺触痛、脂肪坏死及毛细血管扩张1＋2级加例（43％），3级2例（4％），其中1例疗后接受6个周期系统化疗。美容效果达到极好和良好的在6、12个月分别为95％、98％，无一局部复发。结论早期乳腺癌保乳术后APBI后装组织间插植技术具有良好美容功效，急性和晚期毒性作用小，局部控制率有待于长期随访观察。

关键词：乳腺肿瘤/放射疗法近距离疗法毒性反应美容效果

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Entrapment of Inclusions in Diamond Crystals Grown from Fe-Ni-C System

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2002年第2期18卷 171-172页

作者： Yuxian LIU, Limei XIAO and Longwei YINCollege of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China [ Manuscript received june 28, 2001, in revised form October 18, 2001] Coll. of Mat. Sci. and Eng. Shandong Univ. Jinan 250061 China

Diamond single crystals grown from Fe-Ni-C system at high temperature-high pressure (HPHT) usually contain inclusions related to the metallic catalyst. During the diamond growth, the metallic inclusions are trapped by the growth front or are formed through reaction between the contaminants trapped in the diamond. In the present paper, the metallic inclusions related to the catalyst were systematically examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chemical composition and crystal structure of the metallic inclusions were for the first time determined by selected area electron diffraction pattern (SADP) combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). It is shown that the inclusions are mainly composed of orthorhombic FeSi2, fcc (FeNi)23C6, and orthorhombic Fe3C, hexagonal Ni3C.

关键词： Synthetic diamond Fe-Ni-C system Inclusion Transmission electron microscopy

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