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Orientation of larval and juvenile horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus to visual cues: Effects of chemical odors

Current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 618-633页

作者： julie M.MEDINA Richard A.TANKERSLEY Department of Biological Sciences Florida Institute of Technology

Adult horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus have long served as models for the study of vision in marine arthropods. Yet, little is known about the ability of early life history stages to detect and respond to visual cues. We examined the visually directed movements of larvae and first stage juveniles to horizons containing dark visual targets of different sizes. The study tested the hypotheses that （1） larval and juvenile crabs can detect and respond to visual targets and （2） the direction of orientation varies with the presence of chemical cues associated with settlement habitats. Orientation of larval and juvenile crabs to rectangles subtending angles from 30--330~ was tested in a circular arena containing water that either lacked estuarine chemical cues （offshore water） or contained odors from aquatic vegetation or known predators. In the absence of chemical odors, larvae oriented toward and juveniles moved away from dark horizons subtending angles 〉 60~. When placed in water containing chemical odors from potential nursery habitats, including the seagrasses Halodule wrightii and Syringodium filiforme, crabs reversed their direction of orientation relative to their responses in offshore water. Odors from two known predators, the mummichug Fundulus grandis and blue crab Callinectes sapidus, had no affect on the orientation of larvae. Yet, juveniles responded to both odors by moving toward the visual target. Results support the hypothesis that the visual orientation of larval and juvenile horseshoe crabs changes upon exposure to habitat and predator cues and that the direction of the response undergoes an ontogenetic shift following metamorphosis

关键词： Orientation Visual cues Chemical odors

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Understanding the basic biology underlying the flavor world of children

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Current Zoology 2010年第6期56卷 834-841页

作者： julie A. MENNELLA Alison K. VENTURA Monell Chemical Senses Center

Health organizations worldwide recommend that adults and children minimize intakes of excess energy and salty, sweet, and fatty foods （all of which are highly preferred tastes） and eat diets richer in whole grains, low- and non- fat dairy products, legumes, fish, lean meat, fruits, and vegetables （many of which taste bitter）. Despite such recommendations and the well-established benefits of these foods to human health, adults are not complying, nor are their children. A primary reason for this difficulty is the remarkably potent rewarding properties of the tastes and flavors of foods high in sweetness, saltiness, and fatness. While we cannot easily change children＇s basic ingrained biology of liking sweets and avoiding bitterness, we can modulate their flavor preferences by providing early exposure, starting in utero, to a wide variety of flavors within healthy foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Because the flavors of foods mothers eat during pregnancy and lactation also flavor amniotic fluid and breast milk and become preferred by infants, pregnant and lactating women should widen their food choices to include as many flavorful and healthy foods as possible. These experiences, combined with repeated exposure to nutritious foods and flavor variety during the weaning period and beyond, should maximize the chances that children will select and enjoy a healthier diet [Current Zoology 56 （6）： 834-841, 2010].

关键词： Flavor learning Infants Children Preferences Dietary intake Prevention

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Overview of guide RNA design tools for CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology

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Frontiers in Biology 2015年第4期10卷 289-296页

作者： Lihua julie Zhu Department of Molecular Cell and Cancer Biology Program in Bioinformatics and Integrated Biology Program in Molecular MedicineUniversity of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA O1605 USA

CRISPR-Cas （Clustered, Regularly Interspaced, Short Palindromic Repeats - CRISPR-associated （Cas）） RNA guided endonuclease has emerged as the most effective and widely used genome editing technology, which has become the most exciting and rapidly advancing research field. Efficient genome editing by the CRISPR-Cas9 system has been demonstrated in many species, and several laboratories have established CRISPR-Cas9 as a screening tool for systematic genetic analysis, similar to sbRNA screening. At least three companies have been founded to leverage this technology for therapeutic uses. To facilitate the implementation of this technology, many software tools have been developed to identify guide RNAs that effectively target a desired genomic region. Here, I provide an overview of the technology, focusing on guide RNA design principles, available software tools and their strengths and weaknesses.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing gRNA design off-target analysis gRNA efficacy

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Epididymosomes are involved in the acquisition of new sperm proteins during epididymal transit

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 483-491页

作者： Robert Sullivan Gilles Frenette julie Girouard Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction and Departement d＇Obstetrique-Gynecologie Faculte de Medeeine Universite Laval Quebec G1 V 4G2 Canada

During epididymal transit, spermatozoa acquire new proteins. Some of these newly acquired proteins behave as integral membrane proteins, including glycosylphosphatidylinositol （GPI）-anchored proteins. This suggests that the secreted epididymal proteins are transferred to spermatozoa by an unusual mechanism. Within the epididymal lumen, spermatozoa interact with small membranous vesicles named epididymosomes. Many proteins are associated with epididymosomes and the protein composition of these vesicles varies along the excurrent duct and differs from soluble intraluminal proteins. Some epididymosome-associated proteins have been identified and their functions in sperm maturation hypothesized. These include P25b, a zona pellucida binding protein, macrophage migration inhibitory factor, enzymes of the polyol pathway, HE5/CD52, type 5 glutathione peroxidase, and SPAM 1 or PH-20. The electrophoretic patterns of proteins associated to epididymosomes are complex and some of these proteins are transferred to defined surface domains of epididymal spermatozoa. Epididymosomes collected from different epididymal segments interact differently with spermatozoa. This protein transfer from epididymosomes to spermatozoa is timedependent, temperature-dependent and pH-dependent, and is more efficient in the presence of zinc. Some proteins are segregated to lipid raft domains of epididymosomes and are selectively transferred to raft domains of the sperm plasma membrane. Some evidence is presented showing that epididymosomes are secreted in an apocrine manner by the epididymal epithelial cells. In conclusion, epididymosomes are small membranous vesicles secreted in an apocrine manner in the intraluminal compartment of the epididymis and play a major role in the acquisition of new proteins by the maturing spermatozoa. （Asian J Androl 2007 July; 9： 483-491）

关键词： apocrine secretion epididymis epididymosomes spermatozoa sperm maturation

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Improving brain outcomes in the growth restricted newborn: treating after birth

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 978-979页

作者： julie A.Wixey Stella Tracey Bjorkman UQ Centre for Clinical Research Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia

Intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR)occurs when a baby is unable to grow normally due to receiving inadequate nutrients while developing in the *** is a leading cause of perinatal death and longterm *** fetal brain is particularly vulnerable to IUGR conditions and adverse outcomes range from learning,attention and behavioral difficulties,to cerebral *** to medical advancements,more IUGR babies now survive,resulting in an even greater burden of disability.

关键词： restricted IUGR advancement

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Semaphorin7A:its role in the control of serotonergic circuits and functional recovery following spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第5期17卷 959-962页

作者： julie Fourneau Florence M.Bareyre Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology Ludwig-Maximilians Universität MünchenMunichGermany Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology(SyNergy) MunichGermany

Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthetized in various populations of brainstem *** the spinal cord,descending serotonergic projections regulate postural muscle tone,locomotion and rhythm and coordination of movements via the Central Pattern *** a spinal cord injury,serotonergic projections to the lumbar spinal cord,where the Central Pattern Generators are located,are interrupted resulting in devastating locomotor impairments and changes in the expression and activation of serotonin and its spinal *** molecular cues that control the precise patterning and targeting of serotonergic inputs onto Central Pattern Generator networks in healthy animals or after injury are still *** our recent research work,we have been particularly interested in Semaphorin7A,which belongs to the Semaphorins family involved in guiding growing axons and controlling plasticity of synaptic *** this review,we discuss the role of Semaphorin7A signaling as an important molecular actor that instructs the patterning of serotonin inputs to spinal Central Pattern Generator *** show that Semaphorin7A controls the wiring of descending serotonin axons in the spinal *** results reveal that mistargetting of serotonin fibers in the spinal cord is compensated in healthy uninjured Semaphorin7A deficient mice so that their gross locomotion proceeds *** also demonstrate that when the system is challenged with a spinal lesion,the pattern of post-injury serotonin expression is significantly altered in Semaphorin7A deficient mice with specific ectopic targeting of serotonin fibers in the lumbar spinal *** mechanisms in place in uninjured Semaphorin7A deficient mice are lost and injured Semaphorin7A deficient mice exhibit a worsening of their post-injury locomotor *** findings identify Semaphorin7A as a critical determinant of serotonergic circuit formation in healthy or spinal cord injured mice.

关键词： central pattern generator guidance molecule locomotion recovery rewiring semaphorin7A serotonergic patterning serotonin spinal cord injury

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Effects of Precise FRF Measurements for Frequency Based Substructuring

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Sound & Vibration 2018年第1期52卷 3-7页

作者： julie Harvie Peter Avitabile Structural Dynamics and Acoustic Systems Laboratory University of Massachusetts Lowell One University Avenue LowellMassachusetts 01854

Impedance modeling is often utilized to generate frequency response functions of an assembled system using modal characteristics of individual *** slight inaccuracies are manifested in the characteristics of the *** those inaccuracies may seem minor in regards to the component for a traditional modal model,the inaccuracies can be amplified when impedance modeling is *** based substructuring involves inversion of the frequency response functions and therefore requires considerable accuracy for the measurement,particularly in the area of *** this study,some aspects of frequency based substructuring were explored,namely difficulties that might be encountered in experimental testing related to drive point *** majority of studies were performed using analytical models to minimize contamination of *** study focuses on connection point measurements where the actual location might be inaccessible due to physical constraints such as hardware,holes,*** the effect of introducing slight inaccuracies to the location of the drive point measurement was studied,along with other aspects related to the accuracy of the critical connection measurement.

关键词： measurement. modal utilized

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Human adult stem cells from menstrual blood and endometrial tissue

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第5期13卷 419-420页

作者： julie ALLICKSON Charlie XIANG Cryo-Cell International Inc. OldsmarFL 34677USA State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases the First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang University S-Evans Biosciences Hangzhou 311121China

The article ＂Plasticity of human menstrual blood stem cells derived from the endometrium＂ by Lin et al （2011）, published in Journal of Zhejiang University- SCIENCE B （Biomedicine ＆ Biotechnology）, described a newly identified mesenchymal-like stem cell （MSC） from human menstrual blood known as MenSC. Here we describe the latest findings in this area and clarify the difference between human adult stem cells from menstrual blood and endometrial tissue.

关键词： CLC number R329.2

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Analytical solution for a strong free-surface water vortex describing flow in a full-scale gravitational vortex hydropower system

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Water Science and Engineering 2021年第1期14卷 72-79页

作者： Vladimir Joel Alzamora Guzman julie Anne Glasscock Energy Research Group Kadagaya Research Centre for Appropriate TechnologyJunin 12866Peru

Strong free-surface water vortices are found throughout industrial hydraulic systems used for water treatment,flow regulation,and energy *** models using the volumetric flow rate as a model input have generally been semi-empirical,and have tended to have some limitations in terms of the design of practical hydropower *** this study,an analytical model of a strong free-surface water vortex was *** model only requires the water head and geometric parameters as its inputs and calculates the maximum volumetric flow rate,aircore diameter,and rotational *** experimental depthedischarge data from a full-scale gravitational vortex hydropower system,unavailable in the relevant literature,were obtained,and the simulated results showed excellent agreement with the experimental *** data could be used to verify similar models using laboratory-scale physical models in order to investigate the scaling *** contrast to previous models,this model does not assume a constant average velocity across the vortex radius and allows precise calculation of the resultant velocity ***,this model presents advantages in turbine design for energy generation systems.

关键词： Gravitational vortex Velocity measurements Scalability Analytical model Microhydropower

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Energy efficient route prediction for solar powered vehicles

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2023年第1期2卷 26-38页

作者： julie Gallagher Siobhán Clarke Trinity College DublinIreland

Solar powered vehicles are currently being developed towards entirely self-sustaining vehicles that harness their energy directly from the *** such vehicles,it is important to optimise their solar exposure while driving,thereby reducing their energy consumption through fossil *** has emerged to estimate optimised routes for solar vehicles,and this paper builds on this work to expand on the parameters used to calculate the route,thereby improving the energy-harnessing quality of the route together with its overall utility for the *** ArcGIS tool and the open weather API are used to predict the solar potential of a vehicle by taking into account shade based on surrounding topography,vehicle type,weather,distance and time of *** model was implemented as a user mobile application‘Drive Solar’that calculates the optimal route for the user based on their preferences for time and energy *** effectiveness of the prediction model was tested using a solar irradiance sensor in Dublin *** results show that the model predicts the route with the most energy absorbed with a 51.65%accuracy and chooses the route with the most energy consumed with a 86.65%*** conclude that Drive Solar can aid in the transition to widespread use of self-sustaining solar vehicles.

关键词： Solar vehicle Solar potential GIS Mobile application Prediction model

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