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Cannabinoids function in defense against chewing herbivores in Cannabis sativa l.

Horticulture Research 2023年第11期10卷 131-140页

作者： George M.Stack Stephen I.Snyder Jacob A.Toth Michael A.Quade Jamie l.Crawford John K.McKay John Nicholas Jackowetz Ping Wang Glenn Philippe julie l.hansen Virginia M.Moore Jocelyn K.C.Rose lawrence B.Smart Horticulture Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGenevaNY 14456United States Plant Biology Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853United States Plant Breeding Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853United States Department of Agricultural Biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523United States Cirona labs GenevaNY 14456United States Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGenevaNY 14456United States

In the decades since the first cannabinoids were identified by scientists,research has focused almost exclusively on the function and capacity of cannabinoids asmedicines and intoxicants for humans and other *** little is knownabout the adaptive value of cannabinoid production,though several hypotheses have been proposed including protection from ultraviolet radiation,pathogens,and *** test the prediction that genotypeswith greater concentrations of cannabinoidswill have reduced herbivory,a segregating F2 population of Cannabis sativa was leveraged to conduct lab-and field-based bioassays investigating the function of cannabinoids in mediating interactions with chewing *** the field,foliar cannabinoid concentration was inversely correlated with chewing herbivore *** detached leaves,Trichoplusia ni larvae consumed less leaf area and grew less when feeding on leaves with greater concentrations of *** electron and light microscopy were used to characterize variation in glandular trichome ***-free genotypes had trichomes that appeared *** isolate cannabinoids from confounding factors,artificial insect diet was amended with cannabinoids in a range of physiologically relevant *** grew less and had lower rates of survival as cannabinoid concentration *** results support the hypothesis that cannabinoids function in defense against chewing herbivores.

关键词： function founding ultraviolet

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Estimation of alfalfa fall dormancy using spaced plant and sward trials across multiple environments

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Grassland Research 2023年第1期2卷 15-21页

作者： Scott A.Newell Daniel J.Undersander Donald Viands julie hansen Steve Orloff Daniel H.Putnam E.Charles Brummer Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCaliforniaUSA Department of Agronomy University of WisconsinMadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA Plant Breeding&Genetics Section School of Integrated Plant SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA Univeristy of California Cooperative Extension YrekaCaliforniaUSA

Background:Alfalfa is a globally important forage *** are characterized by fall dormancy(FD).FD affects biomass yield and winter survival and is used to identify appropriate growing regions of *** has historically been assessed by measuring the natural height of regrowth in autumn of spaced plants in the *** commercial alfalfa is normally grown as a solid planted sward,FD could be different if plants were grown under real production *** objective of this experiment was to assess whether FD ratings obtained from swards were similar to those obtained on spaced ***:We evaluated 20 alfalfa cultivars in field trials established in 2015 at five locations in the United *** harvested the trials in early autumn and measured regrowth plant height approximately 3 weeks later in 2015 and ***:Autumn plant height responded as expected for the established check cultivars in all *** dormancy ratings for cultivars under both management systems were highly ***:Estimating FD from spaced plant height measurements in autumn is very robust,and using height data from sward plots gives equivalent results to that measured in spaced plant *** finding has many practical advantages.

关键词： alfalfa fall dormancy lucerne Medicago sativa plant height

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Cardiac Structure and Function in Men with Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen-Deprivation Therapy and the Effects of Recreational Small-Sided Football Training:A Randomized Controlled Trial

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2017年第9期7卷 308-322页

作者： Jakob Friis Schmidt lars Juel Andersen Jacob Uth Therese Hornstrup Jesper Christensen julie Midtgaard Klaus Brasso Peter Krustrup Mikael Rorth Peter Riis hansen Department of Cardiology Copenhagen University HospitalGentofteDenmark Department of Nutrition Exercise and SportsCentre for Team Sport and HealthUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Department of Cardiology Roskilde HospitalRoskildeDenmark The University Hospitals Centre for Health Care Research(UCSF) Copenhagen University HospitalRigshospitaletDenmark Department of Public Health University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center Department of UrologyCopenhagen University HospitalRigshospitaletDenmark Sport and Health Sciences University of ExeterExeterGreat Britain Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster(SHSC)University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark Department of Oncology Copenhagen University HospitalRigshospitaletDenmark

Purpose: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a cornerstone in prostate cancer (PCa) management that prolongs PCa-free and overall survival, but effects of ADT on human cardiac function have not been investigated. We used echocardiography to examine cardiac structure and function in patients with prostate cancer receiving ADT and to determine whether an exercise intervention can elicit cardiac adaptations in these subjects. Methods: Forty-three patients with prostate cancer receiving ADT were randomized to 12 weeks football training (ST group;n = 20) or usual care (control [CO] group;n = 23). Cardiac function was assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks by comprehensive echocardiography. Peak oxygen consumption, blood pressure and peripheral microvascular function was also measured. Results: At baseline, no considerable echocardiographic abnormalities were observed. In the ST group, increases in left ventricular diastolic function variables including E/A ratio (P = 0.03), E’ (P = 0.016), E’TDIcolor (P = 0.040) and in left atrial diameter (P = 0.001) were observed after 12 weeks. In addition, diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.027) and resting heart rate (P 0.001) were reduced after ST. In the CO group, no significant changes were observed in the examined variables after 12 weeks. Despite within group changes in the ST group, no significant differences were observed after 12 weeks between groups in echocardiographic variables, peak oxygen consumption, blood pressure and peripheral microvascular function. Conclusion: In men with prostate cancer receiving ADT, echocardiography showed no abnormalities in cardiac structure and function. Twelve weeks of ST failed to elicit significant cardiovascular adaptations and ADT may blunt cardiovascular adaptations to short-term exercise training.

关键词： Prostate Cancer Exercise Rehabilitation Cardiovascular

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Diagnosis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm using endoscopic ultrasound guided microbiopsies:A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2018年第7期10卷 125-129页

作者： Charlotte Vestrup Rift Bojan Kovacevic John Gásdal Karstensen julie Plougmann Pia Klausen Anders Toxvaerd Evangelos Kalaitzakis Carsten Palnaes hansen Jane Preuss Hasselby Peter Vilmann Department of Pathology Copenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletCopenhagen 2100Denmark Gastro Unit Division of EndoscopyCopenhagen University Hospital Herlev and GentofteHerlev 2730Denmark Gastro Unit Division of SurgeryCopenhagen University HospitalHvidovre2650 HvidovreDenmark Department of Pathology Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev and GentofteHerlev 2730Denmark Department of Gastrointestinal surgery Copenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletCopenhagen 2100Denmark

Pancreatic cysts are increasingly diagnosed due to expanding use of cross-sectional imaging,but current diagnostic modalities have limited diagnostic ***,a novel through-the-needle microbiopsy forceps has become available,offering the possibility of obtaining cyst-wall *** present a case of 41-year-old male with chronic pancreatitis and a 2-cm pancreatic cyst,initially considered a ***,endoscopic ultrasou-nd guided microbiopsies were successfully obtained,which surprisingly revealed an intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of mixed subtype with low grade *** conclusion,obtaining biopsies from the wall of the pancreatic cystic lesions with this novel instrument is feasible and,as demonstrated in this case,can possibly alter the clinical *** offered enough cellular material,allowing supplemental gene mutation analysis,which combined with other modalities could lead to a more individual approach when treating pancreatic ***,prospective studies are warranted before routine clinical implementation.

关键词： Microbiopsy Pancreatic cyst Endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Chronic pancreatitis

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