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Defence force activities in marine protected areas:environmental management of Shoalwater Bay Training Area,Queensland,Australia

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第3期28卷 667-676页

作者：武文王小华 David PAULL julie kesby School of Physical Environmental and Mathematical Sciences University of New South Wales at Australian Defence Force Academy College of Physical and Environmental Oceanography Ocean University of China

Environmental management of military activities is of growing global concern by defence forces. As one of the largest landholders in Australia, the Australian Defence Force （ADF） is increasingly concerned with sustainable environmental management. This paper focuses on how the ADF is maintaining effective environmental management, especially in environmentally sensitive marine protected areas. It uses Shoalwater Bay Training Area （SWBTA） as a research example to examine environmental management strategies conducted by the ADF. SWBTA is one of the most significant Defence training areas in Australia, with a large number of single, joint and combined military exercises conducted in the area. With its maritime component contained in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park （GBRMP）, the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area （GBRWHA）, and abutting Queensland＇s State Marine Parks, it has high protection values. It is therefore vital for the ADF to adopt environmentally responsible management while they are conducting military activities. As to various tools employed to manage environmental performance, the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System （EMS） is widely used by the ADE This paper exanlines military activities and marine environmental management within SWBTA, using the Talisman Saber （TS） exercise series as an example. These are extensive joint exercises conducted by the ADF and the United States defence forces. The paper outlines relevant legislative framework and environmental policies, analyses how the EMS operates in environmental management of military activities, and how military activities comply with these regulations. It discusses the implementation of the ADF EMS, including risk reduction measures, environmental awareness training, consultation and communication with stakeholders. A number of environmental management actions used in the TS exercises are presented to demonstrate the EMS application. Our investigations to this point indicate that the ADF is co

关键词： Australian Defence Force marine protected areas Environmental Management System Shoalwater Bay Training Area

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Promoting Older Adults' Engagement in Disaster Recovery Through Supportive Relationships, Partnerships, and Collaboration: Perspectives of Social Work Practitioners and Human Service Professionals

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 265-276页

作者： julie L.Drolet Mahed Choudhury Faculty of Social Work University of CalgaryEdmontonAB T5J 4P6Canada

Shifting demographics—that is, the growing number of older adults in Canada and internationally—and intersecting climatic risks create a complex landscape of aging in place in disaster contexts. Some older adults are vulnerable due to their underlying health conditions and limited physical mobility. Yet they also exhibit resilience in a distinct manner, owing to their wealth of knowledge, wisdom, and ability to navigate adversities. This article elucidates potential avenues for promoting the involvement of older adults in disaster recovery efforts. Our intention is to recognize and foster older adult resilience and mitigate vulnerability by drawing upon insights from the study titled “In the Aftermath of the 2016 Alberta Wildfires: The Role of Social Work Practitioners and Human Service Professionals in Long-Term Disaster Recovery.” Employing a qualitative research approach, that study recruited 51 participants for semistructured interviews and focus groups. A thematic analysis of the collected data unveiled the pivotal roles played by social workers and human service practitioners in facilitating recovery from the 2016 wildfires in the research. Notably, three overarching themes emerged concerning the promotion of older adults' involvement in disaster recovery: fostering supportive relationships, building partnerships and enhancing collaboration, and addressing ongoing challenges. These findings offer valuable insights into how social work practitioners and human service professionals can effectively facilitate the engagement of older adults in disaster recovery initiatives. This article emphasizes the significance of actively promoting the participation of older adults in disaster mitigation efforts, thereby fostering greater resilience within communities.

关键词： Alberta wildfires Canada Disaster recovery Older adults Partnerships and collaboration Social work

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Disaster Awareness and Preparedness Among Older Adults in Canada Regarding Floods, Wildfires, and Earthquakes

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 198-212页

作者： Evalyna Bogdan Rachel Krueger julie Wright Kyle Woods Shaieree Cottar School of Administrative Studies Disaster and Emergency Management ProgramYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Partners for Action Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Older adults are significantly impacted by natural hazards and disasters that are exacerbated by climate change. Understanding their awareness and preparedness is essential for enhancing disaster resilience. This study investigated the attitudes, actions, and recommendations of older adults regarding natural hazards that pose risks in their geographic area—specifically floods, wildfires, and/or earthquakes in Canada. Methods for this study included survey and focus groups with older adults(n = 161 and n = 10, respectively) and other high-risk groups from across Canada, that are vulnerable to these natural hazards. The main findings from this study are that current awareness and preparedness among older adults is low, though stronger perceptions of risks are associated with risks specific to geographic locations where respondents live. Several barriers, such as hazard vulnerability misperceptions, cost-related reasons, and lack of hazard awareness have resulted in low awareness and preparedness among these populations. The two main recommendations arising from this research are:(1) improve awareness and preparedness with tailor-made emergency preparedness materials for older adults;and(2) adopt community-based approaches to disaster preparedness through existing community groups to strengthen social connections with a focus on locally specific hazards. The findings from this research can be applied to other hazards, including heatwaves and pandemics.

关键词： Canada Community-based disaster risk management Disaster awareness and preparedness Disaster resilience Natural hazards Older adults

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Anti-methanogenic potential of seaweeds and seaweed-derived compounds in ruminant feed:current perspectives,risks and future prospects

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 463-489页

作者： Ailbhe McGurrin julie Maguire Brijesh K.Tiwari Marco Garcia-Vaquero Section of Food and Nutrition School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College DublinDublin 4BelfieldIreland TEAGASC Food Research CentreDublin 15AshtownIreland Bantry Marine Research Station Ltd BantryCo.CorkP75 AX07GearhiesIreland

With methane emissions from ruminant agriculture contributing 17%of total methane emissions worldwide,there is increasing urgency to develop strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this *** of the proposed strategies is ruminant feed intervention studies focused on the inclusion of anti-methanogenic compounds which are those capable of interacting with the rumen microbiome,reducing the capacity of ruminal microorganisms to produce ***,seaweeds have been investigated for their ability to reduce methane in ruminants in vitro and in vivo,with the greatest methane abatement reported when using the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis(attributed to the bromoform content of this species).From the literature analysis in this study,levels of up to 99%reduction in ruminant methane emissions have been reported from inclusion of this seaweed in animal feed,although further in vivo and microbiome studies are required to confirm these results as other reports showed no effect on methane emission resulting from the inclusion of seaweed to basal *** review explores the current state of research aiming to integrate seaweeds as anti-methanogenic feed additives,as well as examining the specific bioactive compounds within seaweeds that are likely to be related to these *** effects of the inclusion of seaweeds on the ruminal microbiome are also reviewed,as well as the future challenges when considering the largescale inclusion of seaweeds into ruminant diets as anti-methanogenic agents.

关键词： Asparagopsis Bromoform Methanogenesis Phlorotannin Saponin Tannin

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Spatial and temporal patterns of sarcoptic mange in wombats using the citizen science tool,WomSAT

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 387-399页

作者： Sujatha MAYADUNNAGE Hayley Jade STANNARD Peter WEST julie M.OLD School of Science Western Sydney UniversityHawkesburyNSWAustralia School of Agricultural Environmental and Veterinary SciencesCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNSWAustralia Department of Primary Industries Orange Agricultural InstituteOrangeNSWAustralia

There is currently limited information regarding the levels of infection and distribution of sarcoptic mange in the wombat population throughout *** analyzed cases of sarcoptic mange in bare-nosed wombats reported into WomSAT,a website and mobile phone application where citizen scientists can upload sightings of wombats,burrows,and sarcoptic mange *** used Maxent software to predict locations and the environmental factors associated with sarcoptic mange occurrence in bare-nosed wombats.A total of 1379 sarcoptic mange-infected and 3043 non-sarcoptic mange-infected wombats were reported by 674 and 841 citizen scientists,*** all the wombats reported to WomSAT from 2015 to 2019,31.2%were infected with sarcoptic *** mange in bare-nosed wombats was reported in 502 suburbs across four *** South Wales had the highest number of sarcoptic mange cases reported to *** was no statistically significant seasonal variation of sarcoptic mange levels in bare-nosed *** model showed that Euclidean distance to urban areas was the highest contributing factor for sarcoptic mange *** distance to urban areas decreased,the suitability for sarcoptic mange *** precipitation was the next contributing factor in the model,with higher rainfall of 400–700 mm correlating to an increase in sarcoptic mange *** the data collected to date have provided the largest-scale contemporary distribution of sarcoptic mange in wombats,data should continue to be collected by citizen scientists as it is an easy and low-cost method of collecting data over large *** suggest targeting the identified hotspot areas and more site-specific studies for studying and mitigating sarcoptic mange in bare-nosed wombats.

关键词： bare-nosed wombats habitat suitability Maxent modeling

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Promoting Older Adults' Engagement in Disaster Settings: An Introduction to the Special Issue

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 181-185页

作者： Haorui Wu Christine AWalsh julie LDrolet Kyle Breen Faculty of Health School of Social WorkDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada Faculty of Social Work University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Faculty of Social Work Central&Northern Alberta RegionUniversity of CalgaryEdmontonAB T5J 4P6Canada

1 Introduction Globally, surging extreme events and the escalating aging population present ongoing and severe challenges to the full spectrum of international community development(for example, social, health, and ec... 详细信息

关键词： extreme challenges economic

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New immune regulators of sciatic nerve regeneration?Lessons from the neighborhood

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 705-706页

作者： AndréL.Bombeiro Rodrigo G.Q.Fernandes julie C.Ribot Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal

For decades,the immune system has been associated with host protection against infectious pathogens or tumors,while also contributing to ***,this paradigm is now changing,with recent studies highlighting novel roles for immune mediators in the maintenance of steady-state tissue *** this perspective,we review some of the latest findings featuring immune modulators of the nervous system pathophysiology,with a special focus on interleukin(IL)-17.

关键词： homeostasis neighborhood finding

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High-entropy catalysts for electrochemical water-electrolysis of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution reactions

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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第3期18卷 265-290页

作者： Simiao SHA Riyue GE Ying LI julie M.CAIRNEY Rongkun ZHENG Sean LI Bin LIU Jiujun ZHANG Wenxian LI School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu 241000China Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis School of AerospaceMechanical and Mechatronic EngineeringThe University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia School of Physics The University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia School of Materials Science and Engineering UNSW Materials&Manufacturing Futures InstituteUniversity of New South WalesSydney NSW 2052Australia College of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

High entropy materials (HEMs) have developed rapidly in the field of electrocatalytic water-electrolysis for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) due to their unique properties. In particular, HEM catalysts are composed of many elements. Therefore, they have rich active sites and enhanced entropy stability relative to single atoms. In this paper, the preparation strategies and applications of HEM catalysts in electrochemical water-electrolysis are reviewed to explore the stabilization of HEMs and their catalytic mechanisms as well as their application in support green hydrogen production. First, the concept and four characteristics of HEMs are introduced based on entropy and composition. Then, synthetic strategies of HEM catalysts are systematically reviewed in terms of the categories of bottom-up and top-down. The application of HEMs as catalysts for electrochemical water-electrolysis in recent years is emphatically discussed, and the mechanisms of improving the performance of electrocatalysis is expounded by combining theoretical calculation technology and ex-situ/in situ characterization experiments. Finally, the application prospect of HEMs is proposed to conquer the challenges in HEM catalyst fabrications and applications.

关键词： high-entropy electrocatalysis synthetic methods water-electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen evolutions

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Templated synthesis of transition metal phosphide electrocatalysts for oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 646-669,I0014页

作者： Rose Anne Acedera Alicia Theresse Dumlao DJ Donn Matienzo Maricor Divinagracia julie Anne del Rosario Paraggua Po-Ya Abel Chuang Joey Ocon Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering(LEE) Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA Energy Engineering Program College of EngineeringUniversity of the PhilippinesDilimanQuezon City 1101Philippines

Transition metal phosphides(TMPs)have been regarded as alternative hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts owing to their comparable activity to those of noble metal-based *** have been produced in various morphologies,including hollow and porous nanostructures,which are features deemed desirable for electrocatalytic *** synthesis routes are often responsible for such *** paper reviews the latest advances and existing challenges in the synthesis of TMP-based OER and HER catalysts through templated methods.A comprehensive review of the structure-property-performance of TMP-based HER and OER catalysts prepared using different templates is *** discussion proceeds according to application,first by HER and further divided among the types of templates used-from hard templates,sacrificial templates,and soft templates to the emerging dynamic hydrogen bubble *** catalysts are then reviewed and grouped according to their ***,prospective research directions for the synthesis of hollow and porous TMP-based catalysts,such as improvements on both activity and stability of TMPs,design of environmentally benign templates and processes,and analysis of the reaction mechanism through advanced material characterization techniques and theoretical calculations,are suggested.

关键词： OER HER Transition metal phosphide Templated synthesis Electrocatalysts

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Effects of improved amino acid balance diet on lysine mammary utilization, whole body protein turnover and muscle protein breakdown on lactating sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2031-2043页

作者： Sai Zhang Juan C.Marini Vengai Mavangira Andrew Claude julie Moore Mahmoud A.Mohammad Nathalie L.Trottier Department of Animal Science Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48824USA State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640PR China USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine Department of PediatricsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Present address:Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityFrank Morrison Hall507 Tower RoadIthacaNY 14853‑4801USA

Background The study objective was to test the hypothesis that low crude protein(CP)diet with crystalline amino acids(CAA)supplementation improves Lys utilization efficiency for milk production and reduces protein turnover and muscle protein *** lactating multiparous Yorkshire sows were allotted to 1 of 2 isocaloric diets(10.80 MJ/kg net energy):control(CON;19.24%CP)and reduced CP with“optimal”AA profile(OPT;14.00%CP).Sow body weight and backfat were recorded on d 1 and 21 of lactation and piglets were weighed on d 1,14,18,and 21 of *** d 14 and 18,a subset of 9 sows(CON=4,OPT=5)was infused with a mixed solution of 3-[methyl-2H3]histidine(bolus injection)and[13C]bicarbonate(priming dose)first,then a constant 2-h[13C]bicarbonate infusion followed by a 6-h primed constant[1-13C]lysine *** blood and milk sampling were performed to determine plasma and milk Lys enrichment,Lys oxidation rate,whole body protein turnover,and muscle protein *** Over the 21-d lactation period,compared to CON,sows fed OPT had greater litter growth rate(P<0.05).Compared to CON,sows fed OPT had greater efficiency of Lys(P<0.05),Lys mammary flux(P<0.01)and whole-body protein turnover efficiency(P<0.05).Compared to CON,sows fed OPT tended to have lower whole body protein breakdown rate(P=0.069).Muscle protein breakdown rate did not differ between OPT and CON(P=0.197).Conclusion Feeding an improved AA balance diet increased efficiency of Lys and reduced whole-body protein turnover and protein *** results imply that the lower maternal N retention observed in lactating sows fed improved AA balance diets in previous studies may be a result of greater partitioning of AA towards milk rather than greater body protein breakdown.

关键词： Amino acid Efficiency Lactating sows Protein breakdown Protein turnover Reduced protein diet

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