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Unpaved rural roads as source areas of sediment in a watershed of the Brazilian semi-arid region

International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第5期34卷 475-485页

作者： Teresa raquel Lima Farias Pedro Henrique Augusto Medeiros Joaquín Navarro-Hevia José Carlos de Araújo Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Ceará University of Valladolid Campus La Yutera Federal University of Ceará Department of Agricultural Engineering Campus do Pici

Approximately 80% of the road network in Brazil is unpaved and shows evidences of a high erosion potential. In the semi-arid Caatinga Biome in the northeast of the country, a monitoring programme has been done for two years in order to analyze runoff and sediment production from unpaved rural roadways and from embankments. Sediment production ranged from 0.30 to 0.92 Mg/ha yr, higher than in undisturbed areas, but generally lower than that reported for unpaved roads in other regions. However,this is a semi-arid area with low rainfall and runoff and, hence, with a limited hydrological connectivity and sediment production. Sediment production on an embankment with no vegetation was around ten times higher than on an embankment with vegetation. On the road surface, annual sediment production(normalized for gradient) in a section with traffic was three times higher than for a road surface without traffic. In addition, events that occurred after roadway maintenance activities generated peaks of sediment concentration of over 5000 mg/L. These results suggest that sediment production from roads and embankments with bare surfaces is at least one order of magnitude higher than in undisturbed catchment areas. Maintenance activity and vehicle traffic contribute to an increase in sediment availability and impact on the sediment concentration, but less intensely on sediment loads, which depend on the runoff magnitude of the events occurring after roadway maintenance. It was also found that the natural vegetation of the semi-arid region potentially captures sediment on roadway embankments; thereby playing an important role in breaking connectivity between the sediment flow from unpaved roads and the natural drainage system of the catchment.

关键词： Sediment production Caatinga vegetation Road maintenance Embankment

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Steatosis recovery after treatment with a balanced sunflower or olive oil-based diet: Involvement of perisinusoidal stellate cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第47期11卷 7480-7485页

作者： raquel Hernández Esther Martínez-Lara Ana Cauelo Ma Luisa del Moral santos Blanco Eva Siles Ana Jiménez Juan ngel Pedrosa Ma ngeles Peinado department of Experimental Biology University of JaénParaje Las Lagunillas s/nE-23071 JaénSpain

AIM： To analyze the relationship between perisinusoidal stellate cell （PSC） activation and the dietary fat quantity and composition in the treatment of hepatic steatosis. METHODS： Using an experimental rat model of steatosis based on the intake of a hyperlipidic diet （14% fat as olive oil or sunflower oil, HL-O and HL-S, respectively）, we analyzed the liver＇s capability of recovery after the treatment with a normal-lipidic diet （5% fat as olive oil or sunflower oil, NL-O and NL-S, respectively） by immunoo/tochemical and Western blot analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） expression in PSCs, collagen quantification and serum aminotransferase determination. RESULTS： The fatty infiltration in the steatotic livers decreased after the treatment with both NL diets, indicating liver recovery. This decrease was accompanied with a lower collagen deposition and aminotransferase level as well as changes in the PSC population that increased the GFAP expression. The above-mentioned effects were more pronounced in animals fed on NL-O based diet. CONCLUSION： Treatment with a balanced diet enriched in olive oil contributes to the liver recovery from a steatotic process. The PSC phenotype is a marker of this hepatic-recovery model.

关键词： PSCs GFAP Steatosis Collagen, Hyperlipidic diet Liver recovery olive oil

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Brazilian payment for environmental services programs emphasize water-related services

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第2期11卷 276-289页

作者： Ingrid Mamedes Angélica Guerra Dulce B.B.Rodrigues Letícia Couto Garcia raquel de Faria Godoi Paulo Tarso S.olive.ra Faculty of Engineering Architecture and Urbanism and GeographyFederal University of Mato Grosso do SulMS79070-900Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduaçāo em Ecologia e Conservaaçāo Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeBrazil Laboratorio de Ecologia da Intervenaçāo-LEl Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeBrazil department of Hydraulics and Sanitary Engineering Sao Carlos School of EngineeringUniversity of Sao PauloSao CarlosSPBrazil

Based on"user pays"and"provider gets"principles,the Payment for Environmental Services(PES)consists of providing economic incentives or compensation for land users who adopt activities that promote ecosystem *** PES initiatives have grown rapidly in Brazil over the last few decades,however,studies that address the panorama of these programs in the country are still scarce,regional,or ***,we investigate the PES overview in Brazil through interviews and an extensive literature *** found in total 80 PES programs implemented in Brazil,of which 14 were *** pro-grams are poorly distributed across the country,mostly concentrated in the Atlantic Forest(56.25%)and Savanna(36.25%)biomes,in Southeastern *** majority of programs primarily prioritize improving water quality and ***,reforestation,protection of native vegetation,and soil and water conservation are their main proposed *** positive impacts of Brazil's PES experi-ences are evident;while the lack of transparency and monitoring,and poor spatial and financial dis-tribution are still major *** conclude that if correctly implemented,PES schemes offer a path to reconcile environmental conservation with agricultural production in Brazil.

关键词： Conservation funding Ecological restoration Environmental compliance Public policy Soil and water conservation

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Challenges in estimating ancestral state reconstructions:the evolution of migration in Sylvia warblers as a study case

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第3期15卷 161-173页

作者： raquel PONTI Angel ARCONES David R.VIEITES National Museum of Natural Sciences MadridSpain department of Evolutionary Biology Ecology and Environmental SciencesFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Biodiversity Research Institute(IRBIO) University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

Our current understanding of how species have evolved is mainly based on comparative phylogenetic methods,which use phylogenies to infer the evolution of *** development of ancestral state reconstruction(ASR)methods has provided the tools to reconstruct trait evolution,which are widely used in fields like evolutionary biology,macroecology and *** there are different elements involved in those analyses,with different levels of uncertainty(*** to branch length estimation,trait coding,statistical framework,taxon sampling or software),the various combinations of these elements likely have a strong impact on the reconstruction of the evolution of traits,potentially leading to opposite *** assess the impact of these different elements in ASR,we performed a set of analyses,including all possible combinations of such elements and using the evolution of migratory behavior in Sylvia warblers as a case study,which was coded as a continuous or as a discrete *** results show that taxon sampling,character coding,tree shape,statistical framework and software all significantly affect ASR,both individually and in *** all reconstructed tree nodes show discrepancies,but in the critical ones most pairwise comparisons between analyses lead to conflicting and unexpectedly antagonistic results(zero migration vs fully migratory),thus challenging interpretations of trait *** propose some possible solutions to partly inform decisions,involving the method selection and the incorporation of biological or fossil evidence regarding how traits evolve,but our results demand serious rethinking about how the research community currently uses ASR.

关键词： ancestral state reconstruction conflicting methods evolution of migration Sylvia warblers

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3D Printed Scaffolds as a New Perspective for Bone Tissue Regeneration: Literature Review

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2016年第8期7卷 430-452页

作者： raquel Couto de Azevedo Gonçalves Mota Emerson olive.ra da Silva Felipe Fortes de Lima Lívia Rodrigues de Menezes Antonio Carlos santos Thiele Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Pólo Xerém Estr. de Xerém 27-Xerém Duque de Caxias-RJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Due to the high incidence of bone fractures in the population, it became necessary to produce scaffolds that are able to assist in tissue regeneration. It is necessary to find an appropriate balance between the mechanical and biological properties, in order to mimic the natural tissue, these properties are directly related to the architecture and their degree of porosity, as well as the size of their pores and their interconnectivity. In this perspective, the 3D printing stands out, where the structure is obtained layer by layer, according to a predetermined computational model which provides a greater control of architecture and scaffold geometry and overcomes, in this way, the limitations of traditional techniques of scaffolds manufacturing. In this way, the objective of this seminar is to present the state of the art of the polymer scaffolds produced by 3D printing and applied to bone tissue regeneration, highlighting the advantages and limitations of this process.

关键词： Scaffolds 3D Printing Tissue Engineering Bone Tissue

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SYNCHRONOUS COMMUNICATION IN PLM ENVIRONMENTS USING ANNOTATED CAD MOdeLS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2016年第2期25卷 142-158页

作者： Jorge D. Camba Manuel Contero Gustavo Salvador-Herranz raquel Plumed College of Architecture University of Houston Houston TX USA I3BH Universitat Politkenica de Valkncia Valencia Spain depto. de Expresion Grafica Proyectos y Urbanismo Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera Valencia Spain depto. de Ingenierla Mecanica y Construccian Universitat Jaume I Castellon Spain

The connection of resources, data, and knowledge through communication technology plays a vital role in current collaborative design methodologies and Product Lifecycle Management （PLM） systems, as these elements act as channels for information and meaning. despite significant advances in the area of PLM, most communication tools are used as separate services that are disconnected from existing development environments. Consequently, during a communication session, the specific elements being discussed are usually not linked to the context of the discussion, which may result in important information getting lost or becoming difficult to access. In this paper, we present a method to add synchronous communication functionality to a PLM system based on annotated information embedded in the CAD model. This approach provides users a communication channel that is built directly into the CAD interface and is valuable when individuals need to be contacted regarding the annotated aspects of a CAD model. We present the architecture of a new system and its integration with existing PLM systems, and describe the implementation details of an annotation-based video conferencing module for a commercial CAD application.

关键词： Collaborative design PLM design communication CAD integration videoconferencing

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Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and its relationship with Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第4期15卷 417-422页

作者： Juan Luis Mendoza raquel Lana Manuel Díaz-Rubio Inflammatory Bowel Disease Unit Department of GastroenterologyHospital Clínico San CarlosUniversidad Complutense department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clínico San CarlosUniversidad Complutense

The hypothesis postulating that Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis(MAP) is the cause of Crohn's disease(CD) has been circulating for many *** in molecular techniques,such as polymerase chain reaction and culture methods,have enabled researchers to demonstrate that there is an association between MAP and ***,genome-wide association studies have identified novel susceptibility genes for CD,which are critical for generation of an adaptive immune response that is protective against intracellular pathogens,including *** ***,the role of MAP as a cause of CD suffered a setback with the report that administration of antimycobacterial therapy failed to lead to a sustained response in CD ***,this review sought neither to confirm nor refute this,but instead to survey recent literature on the role of MAP in CD.

关键词： Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuber-culosis Crohn's diasease Inflammatory bowel disease

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Novel human immunomodulatory T cell receptors and their double-edged potential in autoimmunity,cardiovascular disease and cancer

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 919-935页

作者： Pilar Martin rafael Blanco-Dom fnguez raquel Sanchez-Diaz Vascular Pathophysiology Area Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares(CNIC)MadridSpain CIBERCV MadridSpain

In the last decade,approaches based on T cells and their immunomodulatory receptors have emerged as a solid improvement in treatments for various types of ***,the roles of these molecules in the therapeutic context of autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases are still relatively ***,we review the best known and most com m only used immunomodulatory T cell receptors in clinical practice(PD-1 and CTLA-4),along with the rest of the receptors with known functions in animal models,which have great potential as modulators in human pathologies in the medium *** ong these other receptors is the receptor CD69,which has recently been described to be expressed in mouse and human T cells in autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases and ***,inhibition of these receptors individually or in combination by drugs or monoclonal antibodies generates a loss of immunological tolerance and can trigger multiple autoimmune disorders in different organs and immune-related adverse *** the coming decades,knowledge on the functions of different immunomodulatory receptors will be pivotal for the development of new and better therapies with less harmful side *** this review,we discuss the roles of these receptors in the control of immunity from a perspective focused on therapeutic potential in not only cancer but also autoimmune diseases,such as systemic lupus erythematosus,autoimmune diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis,and cardiovascular diseases,such as atherosclerosis,acute myocardial infarction,and myocarditis.

关键词： Immunomodulatory receptors Autoimmune diseases T cells Immunotherapy

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Effects of anatomical position on esophageal transit time:A biomagnetic diagnostic technique

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第37期14卷 5707-5711页

作者： Teodoro Cordova-Fraga Modesto Sosa Carlos Wiechers Jose Maria de la Roca-Chiapas Alejandro Maldonado Moreles Jesus Bernal-Alvarado raquel Huerta-Franco Instituto de Física Universidad de GuanajuatoLeón 37150 Gto. Mexico Instituto de Investigaciones sobre el Trabajo Universidad de GuanajuatoLeón 37150 Gto. Mexico

AIM： To study the esophageal transit time （ETT） and compare its mean value among three anatomical inclinations of the body; and to analyze the correlation of ETT to body mass index （BMI）. METHODS： A biomagnetic technique was implemented to perform this study：（1） The transit time of a magnetic marker （MM） through the esophagus was measured using two fluxgate sensors placed over the chest of 14 healthy subjects; （2） the EIF was assessed in three anatomical positions （at upright, fowler, and supine positions; 90°, 45° and 0°, respectively）. RESULTS： ANOVA and Tuckey post-hoc tests demonstrated significant differences between E-IT mean of the different positions. The ETT means were 5.2 ± 1.1 s, 6.1 ± 1.5 s, and 23.6 ± 9.2 s for 90°, 45° and 0°, respectively. Pearson correlation results were r = -0.716 and P 〈 0.001 by subjects＇ anatomical position, and r = -0.024 and P 〉 0.05 according the subject＇s BMI. CONCLUSION： We demonstrated that using this biomagnetic technique, it is possible to measure the ETT and the effects of the anatomical position on the ETT.

关键词： Transit time Magnetic marker Esophagus Anatomical position Non-invasive

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Growth inhibitory effects of Phyllanthus niruri extracts in combination with cisplatin on cancer cell lines

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第31期18卷 4162-4168页

作者： raimundo Fernandes de Araújo Júnior Luiz Alberto Lira Soares Cínthia raquel da Costa Porto ranniere Gurgel Furtado de Aquino Hugo Gon alo Guedes Pedro Ros Petrovick Tatiane Pereira de Souza Aurigena Antunes de Araújo Gerlane Coelho Bernardo Guerra department of Morphology/Postgraduate Program in Morphological Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteNatal 59072-970Rio Grande do NorteBrazil Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Federal University of PernambucoRecife 50670-901PernambucoBrazil Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteNatal 59012-570Rio Grande do NorteBrazil department of Production and control of drugs Federal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 90610-000Rio Grande do SulBrazil department of Food and Drug Administration Federal University of AmazonasManaus 69077-000AmazonasBrazil department of Biophysics and Pharmacology Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteNatal 59072-970Rio Grande do NorteBrazil

AIM：To investigate the cytotoxic effects of spray-dried extracts of Phyllanthus niruri in combination with cis- platin on two cancer cell lines. METHODS： Colorectal carcinoma （HT29） and human hepatocellular carcinoma （HepG2） cells were treated with spray-dried extracts of Phyllanthus niruri （SdePN） either alone or in combination with cisplatin at differ- ent concentrations （0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL） for 4 h and 24 h. To verify and quantify cancer cells treated with these products as well as identify the cell cycle stage and cell viability, we stained the cells with prop- idium iodide and assessed them by flow cytometry. The percentage of cells in different cell cycle phases was quantified and data were expressed as histo- grams. Significant differences between groups were determined using analysis of variance and Bonferroni＇s test, as indicated. A value of P 〈 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS： SdePN had significantly different cyto- toxic effects on HT29 （2.81 4- 0.11 vs 3.51 4- 1.13, P 〉 0.05） and HepG2 （5.07± 0.3 vs 15.9 ± 1.04, P 〈 0.001） cells when compared to control cells for 4 h. SdePN also had significantly different cytotoxic effects on HT29 （1.91 ± 0.57 vs 4.53± 1.22, P 〉 0.05） and HepG2 （14.56 ± 1.6 vs 35.67 ± 3.94, P 〈 0.001） cells when compared to control cells for 24 h. Both cell lines were killed by cisplatin in a dose-dependent manner compared to control cells （HepG2 cells for 4 h： 10.78 ± 1.58 vs 53.89 ± 1.53, P 〈 0.001; 24 h： 8.9 ± 1.43 vs 62.78 ± 1.87, P 〈 0.001 and HT29 cells for 4 h： 9.52 ±0.913 vs 49.86 ± 2.89, P 〈 0.001; 24 h： 11.78 ± 1.05 vs 53.34 ± 2.65, P 〈 0.001）. In HT29 cells, pretreat- ment with SdePN and subsequent treatment with cis-platin resulted in a greater number of cells being killed （12.78 ± 1.01 vs 93.76 ± 1.6, P 〈 0.001）. HepG2 cells showed significant cell killing with treatment with SdePN when combined with cisplatin （12.87 ± 2.78 vs 78.8 ± 3.02, P 〈 0.001）. CONCLUSION： SdePN is selectively toxic ag

关键词： Cisplatin Colorectal cancer Liver cancer Phyllanthus n/ruri Cytotoxic effect

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