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Evaluating the role of fire over a decade in a tropical mountainous forestgrassland mosaic

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第12期21卷 4191-4207页

作者： juliana kuchenbecker Yumi OKI Flávio CAMAROTA Frederico S.NEVES Diego R.MACEDO Bárbara SILVA FERREIRA Ramiro AGUILAR Lorena ASHWORTH Ezequiel FABIANO Bárbara DIAS ARAÚJO Amanda PONCE DE LEON Bruna RIBEIRO SILVA Thamyris BRAGIONI Fernando FIGUEIREDO GOULART JoséEugênio CÔRTES FIGUEIRA Geraldo WILSON FERNANDES Departamento de Genética Ecologia e EvoluçãoInstituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais-UFMGBelo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação Biodiversidade e Uso de Recursos Naturais Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros-UNIMONTESMontes ClarosMG 39401-089Brazil Departamento de Geografia Instituto de GeociênciasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais-UFMGBelo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal CONICET-Universidad Nacional de CórdobaX5000JJCCórdobaArgentina Department of Wildlife Management and Ecotourism University of NamibiaKatima MuliloKatima Mulilo 20001Namíbia Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais-UFMGBelo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil Knowledge Center for Biodiversity Belo HorizonteMG 31270-901Brazil

Forest-grassland mosaics comprise a major component of tropical landscapes,hosting invaluable biodiversity and providing essential ecosystem services to hundreds of millions of people *** open biomes often benefit from disturbance,forests can particularly be susceptible to structural changes resulting from such *** we evaluate the influence of fire on the structure and landscape properties within natural forest islands immersed in a matrix of megadiverse montane *** conducted this study in 15 forest islands located in southeastern Brazil,assessing its fire frequency,intensity,and post-fire time over an eleven-year period from January 2012 to December *** results show that fire frequency is linked to soil characteristics and the percentage of herbaceous cover within the forest *** also found that the post-fire time is related to the percentage cover of the forest islands’associated herbs and ***,neither fire frequency,intensity,nor post-fire time was connected to significant changes in plant species richness,abundance,or in the upper vegetation strata(tree species richness and abundance,and canopy cover)in the interior of the forest ***,these fire-related variables did not result in temporal changes in the forest island’s canopy variation or landscape *** results underscore a low fire frequency and intensity within our study area,potentially explaining the limited fire-associated impact,and primarily on the lower vegetation *** acknowledging the relative stability of these forest islands under current fire regimes,we suggest further studies that can experimentally manipulate not only fire but also other anthropic disturbances for understanding the temporal dynamics of the forest islands and,consequently,their *** perspective is indispensable for comprehensively understanding the ecological consequences of anthropogenic disturbances in natural forest islands.

关键词： Campo Rupestre Fire Ecology Forest islands Mountain ecosystems Remote Sensing Serra do Cipó

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Nanoengineering of solid oxide electrochemical cell technologies:An outlook

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2081-2092页

作者： juliana Carneiro Eranda Nikolla Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Wayne State UniversityDetroitMI48202USA

High temperature electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies,such as solid oxide electrochemical cells (SOCs),have emerged as promising alternatives to mitigate environmental issues associated with combustion-based *** has been increased interest for nanoengineering SOC electrodes to enhance their efficiency.A major drive is the necessity for improved electrode kinetics via optimization of electrocatalysts for different key reactions in these *** this perspective,we discuss the requirements for SOC electrodes and nanoengineering strategies employed to achieve flexibility in electrode *** focus on identifying ways in which these nanoengineered materials foster advancements in the SOC electrocatalytic activity,selectivity,and *** conclude by proposing approaches that would lead to more stable electrocatalytic nanostructures with high degree of control over the number and nature of active *** nanostructures would enable systematic kinetic studies that could provide an in depth understanding of the reaction mechanisms that govern performance,leading to valuable knowledge for designing optimal electrode materials.

关键词： electrocatalysis nanomaterials solid oxide fuel cells solid oxide electrolysis cells exsolution nanoparticles

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Exploring the Potential of Mapping Cropping Patterns on Smallholder Scale Croplands Using Sentinel-1 SAR Data

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Chinese Geographical Science 2019年第4期29卷 626-639页

作者： juliana USEYA CHEN Shengbo College of GeoExploration Science and Information Engineering Jilin University

It is of paramount importance to have sustainable agriculture since agriculture is the backbone of many nations’ economic development. Majority of agricultural professionals rarely capture the cropping patterns necessary to promote Good Agricultural *** of this research is to explore the potential of mapping cropping patterns occurring on different field parcels on small-scale farmlands in Zimbabwe. The first study location under investigation are the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) research station and a few neighboring fields, the second is Middle Sabi Estate. Fourier time series modeling was implemented to determine the trends befalling on the two study sites. Results reveal that Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar(SAR) time series allow detection of subtle changes that occur to the crops and fields respectively, hence can be utilized to detect cropping patterns on small-scale farmlands. Discrimination of the main crops(maize and soybean) grown at CIMMYT was possible, and crop rotation was synthesized where sowing starts in November. A single cropping of early and late crops was observed, there were no winter crops planted during the investigation period. At Middle Sabi Estate, single cropping on perennial sugarcane fields and triple cropping of fields growing leafy vegetables, tomatoes and onions were observed. Classification of stacked images was used to derive the crop rotation maps representing what is practised at the farming lands. Random forest classification of the multi-temporal image stacks achieved overall accuracies of 99% and 95% on the respective study sites. In conclusion, Sentinel-1 time series can be implemented effectively to map the cropping patterns and crop rotations occurring on small-scale farming land. We recommend the use of Sentinel-1 SAR multi-temporal data to spatially explicitly map cropping patterns of single-, double-and triple-cropping systems on both small-scale and large-scale farming area

关键词： cropping patterns polarized backscatter time series Sentinel-1 SAR Zimbabwe

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Zinc finger protein ZPR1:promising survival motor neuron protein-dependent modifier for the rescue of spinal muscular atrophy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2225-2227页

作者： juliana Cuartas Laxman Gangwani Center of Emphasis in Neurosciences Department of Molecular and Translational MedicinePaul L.Foster School of MedicineTexas Tech University Health Sciences Center El PasoEl PasoTXUSA

neuromuscular disease caused by the homozygous mutation or deletion of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene.A second copy,SMN2,is similar to SMN1,but produces only~10%SMN protein because of a single-point mutation(C>T)in coding exon 7 causing a splicing defect which leads to the exclusion of exon 7,resulting in a majority(~90%)of transcripts lacking exon 7 that translate into mutant SMN(SMNΔ7)*** is caused by chronic low levels of SMN and is characterized by the degeneration of the spinal cord motor neurons leading to symmetrical skeletal muscle atrophy,respiratory failure,and death(Ahmad et al.,2012).Chronic low levels of SMN cause the accumulation of pathogenic R-loops and double-stranded breaks(DSBs)in DNA,leading to genomic instability and neurodegeneration in SMA(Kannan et al.,2018).The severity of SMA disease correlates inversely with SMN levels.

关键词： atrophy degeneration Zinc

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Altered electroencephalographic networks in developmental dyslexia after remedial training:a prospective case-control study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第4期16卷 734-743页

作者： juliana A.Dushanova Stefan ATsokov Institute of Neurobiology Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSofiaBulgaria

Electroencephalographic studies using graph theoretic analysis have found aberrations in functional connectivity in children with developmental ***,how the training with visual tasks can change the functional connectivity of the semantic network in developmental dyslexia is still *** looked for differences in local and global topological properties of functional networks between 21 healthy controls and 22 dyslexic children(8–9 years old)before and after training with visual tasks in this prospective case-control *** minimum spanning tree method was used to construct the subjects’brain networks in multiple electroencephalographic frequency ranges during a visual word/pseudoword discrimination *** found group differences in the theta,alpha,beta and gamma bands for four graph measures suggesting a more integrated network topology in dyslexics before the training compared to *** training,the network topology of dyslexic children had become more segregated and similar to that of the *** theθ,αandβ1-frequency bands,compared to the controls,the pre-training dyslexics exhibited a reduced degree and betweenness centrality of the left anterior temporal and parietal *** simultaneous appearance in the left hemisphere of hubs in temporal and parietal(α,β1),temporal and superior frontal cortex(θ,α),parietal and occipitotemporal cortices(β1),identified in the networks of normally developing children was not present in the brain networks of *** training,the hub distribution for dyslexics in the theta and beta1 bands had become similar to that of the *** summary,our findings point to a less efficient network configuration in dyslexics compared to a more optimal global organization in the *** is the first study to investigate the topological organization of functional brain networks of Bulgarian dyslexic *** for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Neur

关键词： adjusted post-training network developmental dyslexia EEG frequency oscillations functional connectivity visual training tasks visual word/pseudoword discrimination

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Effect of compressibility on bubbly cavitating flows

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第1期32卷 1-5页

作者： Harish Ganesh Anubhav Bhatt juliana Wu Steven Ceccio Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA

Cavitating bubbly flows can form in separated flows and shear layers leading to local regions high vapor void fraction,and these flows often exhibit periodic shedding of vaporous ***,the presence of a liquid re-entrant flow,driven by the kinematics of liquid flow stagnation,has been identified as an important mechanism leading to cavity ***,high local vapor void fractions can also result in a reduced mixture speed of sound and a possible supersonic *** recent findings on different geometries indicate that propagating bubbly shocks in these flows are a primary mechanism of flow *** this study,we discuss the effect of compressibility on four geometries,mainly in the generation of propagating bubbly shocks that can influence the cavitation shedding *** order to elucidate the differences and similarities of the observed cavitation dynamics,and the influence of compressibility,we report observations from a backward facing step,backward facing wedge,NACA0015 hydrofoil,and a bluff body with a wedge cross section.

关键词： Cavitation bubbly shocks compressible vapor-liquid flows

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A closer look at cannabimimetic terpenes, polyphenols, and flavonoids: a promising road forward

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第7期16卷 1433-1435页

作者： juliana Cavalli Rafael Cypriano Dutra Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Immunopharmacology Department of Health SciencesCenter of AraranguáFederal University of Santa CatarinaAraranguáSCBrazil Post-Graduate Program of Neuroscience Center of Biological SciencesFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisSCBrazil

Despite the current interest in the potential medical use of Cannabis, it is worth remembering that cannabis is not a new drug, with both a nonmedical and medical history supporting its *** history advanced in scientific strength and importance worldwide when Professor Raphael Mechoulam and colleagues initiated their pioneering discoveries in *** first, Mechoulam et al.(1972) achieved the complete synthesis of the pure compounds from hashish(including △1-tetrahydrocannabinol and other neutral cannabinoids such as cannabigerol, cannabichromene, and cannabicyclol), and established their molecular structures.

关键词： closer initiated neutral

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Subterranean termites （Isoptera： Rhinotermitidae）： Exploitation of equivalent food resources with different forms of placement

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Insect Science 2012年第3期19卷 412-418页

作者： juliana Toledo Lima Ana Maria Costa-Leonardo Departamento de Biologia Instituto de BiocienciasUNESP-Univ Estadual PaulistaRio Claro-SPBrazil

Coptotermes gestroi and Heterotermes tenuis have been described as important urban pests in Brazil. The establishment of control technologies using baits that consider the social behavior of termites requires a better knowledge of their foraging behavior. Thus, this study analyzed the feeding behavior of these species with three different forms of food placement： food on the surface of a substrate and food either partially or completely buried in the substrate. Experimental arenas were composed of a central chamber connected to three food chambers. Each central chamber contained 550 foragers of C. gestroi or 517 foragers of 11. tenuis. Blocks of Pinus elliottii were placed in the different food chambers. After 28 days, the consumption of each wood block and the percentage of foraging individuals recruited for food chambers were verified in relation to the total survival rate obtained for each one of the 20 replicates. Results showed that completely buried food was most consumed for H. tenuis and presented a higher recruitment rate of workers and soldiers for both species. Although the consumption had non-significant differences for C. gestroi, these termites exhibited a tendency to prefer completely buried food. In these conditions, it can be concluded that the forms of food placement used in the present research influenced the recruitment of individuals for both species. Data also suggests that when the foraging subterranean termites find food resources in the tunneling substrate, they tend to concentrate their efforts on it, a behavior regime that reduces exposure to external environment.

关键词： Coptotermes gestroi feeding behavior foraging behavior Heterotermes tenuis

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Validation and invalidation of SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors using the Flip-GFP and Protease-Glo luciferase assays

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第4期12卷 1636-1651页

作者： Chunlong Ma Haozhou Tan juliana Choza Yuyin Wang Jun Wang Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Pharmacythe University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

SARS-CoV-2 main protease(M^(pro))is one of the most extensively exploited drug targets for *** disparate compounds have been reported as M^(pro) inhibitors,raising the question of their target *** elucidate the target specificity and the cellular target engagement of the claimed M^(pro) inhibitors,we systematically characterize their mechanism of action using the cell-free FRET assay,the thermal shift-binding assay,the cell lysate Protease-Glo luciferase assay,and the cell-based FlipGFP ***,our results have shown that majority of the M^(pro) inhibitors identified from drug repurposing including ebselen,carmofur,disulfiram,and shikonin are promiscuous cysteine inhibitors that are not specific to M^(pro),while chloroquine,oxytetracycline,montelukast,candesartan,and dipyridamole do not inhibit M^(pro) in any of the assays ***,our study highlights the need of stringent hit validation at the early stage of drug discovery.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Main protease Ebselen Carmofur FlipGFP assay Protease-Glo luciferase assay

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Quantification of displacement and particle crushing around a penetrometer tip

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第2期11卷 389-399页

作者： Eshan Ganju Fei Han Monica Prezzi Rodrigo Salgado juliana Spohr Pereira Lyles School of Civil Engineering Purdue University

Particle crushing occurs near the tip of a penetrometer and influences the development of the tip *** study particle crushing near a penetrometer tip,a cone penetrometer was monotonically jacked and then load-tested in medium dense and dense silica sand samples prepared in a halfcylindrical calibration chamber with viewing *** the tests,images of the advancing penetrometer and the surrounding soil were taken using digital cameras and analyzed to obtain the displacement and strain fields around the penetrometer using the Digital Image Correlation(DIC)***,soil samples were collected near the tip of the penetrometer using a novel agarimpregnation technique and digitized using an X-ray *** digitized samples were analyzed to reconstruct the three-dimensional models of individual particles,generating the gradation and relative breakage parameters of the sand around the cone penetrometer.

关键词： Crushing DIC Penetrometer X-ray CT

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