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Utilization of pH-driven methods to fortify nanoemulsions with multiple polyphenols

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1943-1950页

作者： Hualu Zhou Bingjing Zheng David julian McClements Department of Food Science and Technology College of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaGriffinGA 30223USA Biopolymers and Colloids Laboratory Department of Food ScienceUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Food Science&Bioengineering Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Simple but effective methods are required to incorporate multiple bioactive polyphenols into delivery systems to increase their dispersibility,stability and *** developed and tested three p Hdriven protocols for creating nanoemulsions loaded with multiple lipophilic *** protocols differed in how the different polyphenols were incorporated into the *** impact of these three methods on the formation,properties,and gastrointestinal fate of nanoemulsions loaded with curcumin,resveratrol,and quercetin was *** three methods produced nanoemulsions with similar initial particle properties:droplet diameters(0.15,0.16,and 0.15μm)and zeta-potentials(–59,–58,and–58 m V),***,the average encapsulation efficiencies(82%,88%,and 61%),gastrointestinal stabilities(83%,97%,and 29%)and bioaccessibilities(77%,90%,and 73%)for curcumin,resveratrol,and quercetin were somewhat *** particular,more quercetin degradation occurred using the approach that held it under alkaline conditions for extended *** general,the p H-driven method provides researchers with a versatile approach of incorporating multiple polyphenols with different characteristics into functional food and beverages using a simple and inexpensive method.

关键词： Polyphenols pH-Driven encapsulation Nanoemulsions Gastrointestinal fate Functional foods

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The biosynthesis of alarm pheromone in the wheat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi is regulated by hormones via fatty acid metabolism

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2346-2361页

作者： Chengxian Sun Yaoguo Qin julian Chen Zhengxi Li Department of Entomology/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Environment-friendly Control of Crop Pests College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Aphids are major insect pests in agriculture and forestry *** attacks by natural enemies,many aphids release an alarm pheromone to protect their *** most aphids,the main component of the aphid alarm pheromone(AAP)is the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon(E)-β-farnesene(EβF).However,the mechanisms behind its biosynthesis and regulation remain poorly *** this study,we used the bird cherry–oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi,which is an important wheat aphid,to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of EβF *** results showed that EβF biosynthesis occurs during the mature embryo period and the molting period of the 1st-and 2nd-instar *** provide the prerequisite material for EβF production and *** on transcriptome sequencing,RNAi analysis,hormone treatments,and quantitative measurements,we found that the biosynthesis of EβF utilizes acetyl coenzyme A produced from fatty acid degradation,which can be suppressed by juvenile hormone but it is promoted by 20-hydroxyecdysone through the modulation of fatty acid *** is the first systemic study on the modulation of EβF production in *** results of our study provide insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of AAP biosynthesis,as well as valuable information for designing potential aphid control strategies.

关键词： (E)-β-farnesene critical period for biosynthesis fatty acid metabolism juvenile hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone

Population dynamics of the tropical oyster Magallana bilineata(Mollusca,Bivalvia,Ostreidae)in Mengkabong Bay,Tuaran,Malaysia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 295-305页

作者： Joanna W.Doinsing julian Ransangan Politeknik Sandakan Sabah Education HubBatu 10Jalan Sungai BatangSandakanSabah90000Malaysia Borneo Marine Research Institute Universiti Malaysia SabahJalan UMSKota Kinabalu88400Malaysia

Knowledge about the population dynamics within a specific spatial area is vital for the effective planning and management of important fishery *** parameters,including the asymptotic length(L∞),growth coefficient(K),mortalities(Z,F,and M),recruitment pattern,exploitation level(E),and yield per recruit(Y’/R),of the tropical oyster Magallana bilineata in Mengkabong Bay,Tuaran,Malaysia were analyzed by using the FiSAT software,using on the monthly shell length-frequency data collected from April 2019 to March 2020.A total of 435 oysters with shell lengths ranging from 3.64 to 11.16 cm were *** water temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen,hydrogen ion concentration(pH),and chlorophyll concentration were measured at 29.0-33.7◦C,26.68-35.74 psμ,3.18-6.99 mg/L,6.57-8.29 and 1.51-98.93μg/L,*** logarithmic relationship between the length and weight of Log W=1.9055 Log L+0.1049(R2=0.5431)with exponent b of 1.9055 for combined sexes showed a negative allometric growth(bttern was observed year-round,with higher recruitment activities in September-October 2019 and January *** total mortality(Z)was analyzed using the length-converted

关键词： Crassostrea iredalei Length-weight relationship Growth parameters Recruitment Exploitation

Multi-point temperature measurements in packed beds using phosphor thermometry and ray tracing simulations

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 77-88页

作者： Guangtao Xuan Mirko Ebert Simson julian Rodrigues Nicole Vorhauer-Huget Christian Lessig Benoit Fond Institute of Fluid Dynamics and Thermodynamics OVGU MagdeburgUniversitaetsplatz 2Magdeburg39106Saxony-AnhaltGermany Institute of Simulations and Graphics OVGU MagdeburgUniversitaetsplatz 2Magdeburg39106Saxony-AnhaltGermany Institute of Process Engineering OVGU MagdeburgUniversitaetsplatz 2Magdeburg39106Saxony-AnhaltGermany ONERA The French Aerospace LabDepartment of AerodynamicsAeroelasticity and Aeroacoustics(DAAA)Paris-Saclay University8rue des VertugadinsMeudon92190France

Packed bed reactors are commonly found in the process industry,for example in flame-assisted calci-nation for cement *** the heat transfer inside the bed is essential for process control,product quality and energy *** we propose a technique to determine the internal temperature distribution of packed beds based on a combination of lifetime-based phosphor ther-mometry,ray tracing simulations,and assimilation of temperature data using finite element heat transfer *** establish and validate the technique,we considered a reproducible regular packing of 6 mm diameter aluminum spheres,with one of the spheres in the top layer being electrically *** a sphere inside the packing is coated with thermographic phosphors and excitation light is directed to-wards the packing,luminescence from the coated sphere exits the packed bed after multiple reflection and the sphere's temperature can be *** measurements showed that the temper-ature obtained by phosphor thermometry is independent of the luminescent sphere *** imaging the luminescence on a camera,the luminescence distribution in recorded image depended,however,on the position of the ***,in setups with multiple phosphor-coated spheres,their signals can be separated using a least squares *** demonstrate the approach using a setup with three luminescent spheres and validated the temperature readings against thermocouple *** obtain the spatial signatures for individual sphere positions required for the least squares fit,ray tracing simulations were *** provide an efficient alternative to single sphere measurements that are only practical for regular spherical packed ***-point measurements were used as input to a finite element heat transfer simulations to determine parameters such as particle-to-particle air gap *** these,the full temperature distribution inside the bed could be assimilated from the meas

关键词： Packed beds Phosphor thermometry Ray tracing Heat transfer simulation Data assimilation

Machine learning for predicting the outcome of terminal ballistics events

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 14-26页

作者： Shannon Ryan Neeraj Mohan Sushma Arun Kumar AV julian Berk Tahrima Hashem Santu Rana Svetha Venkatesh Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute(A2I2) Deakin University75 Pigdons RdWaurn PondsVIC3216Australia

Machine learning(ML) is well suited for the prediction of high-complexity,high-dimensional problems such as those encountered in terminal *** evaluate the performance of four popular ML-based regression models,extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),artificial neural network(ANN),support vector regression(SVR),and Gaussian process regression(GP),on two common terminal ballistics’ problems:(a)predicting the V50ballistic limit of monolithic metallic armour impacted by small and medium calibre projectiles and fragments,and(b) predicting the depth to which a projectile will penetrate a target of semi-infinite *** achieve this we utilise two datasets,each consisting of approximately 1000samples,collated from public release *** demonstrate that all four model types provide similarly excellent agreement when interpolating within the training data and diverge when extrapolating outside this *** extrapolation is not advisable for ML-based regression models,for applications such as lethality/survivability analysis,such capability is *** circumvent this,we implement expert knowledge and physics-based models via enforced monotonicity,as a Gaussian prior mean,and through a modified loss *** physics-informed models demonstrate improved performance over both classical physics-based models and the basic ML regression models,providing an ability to accurately fit experimental data when it is available and then revert to the physics-based model when *** resulting models demonstrate high levels of predictive accuracy over a very wide range of projectile types,target materials and thicknesses,and impact conditions significantly more diverse than that achievable from any existing analytical *** with numerical analysis tools such as finite element solvers the ML models run orders of magnitude *** provide some general guidelines throughout for the development,application,and reporting of ML models in terminal ballist

关键词： Machine learning Artificial intelligence Physics-informed machine learning Terminal ballistics Armour

Data-driven analysis of chemicals,proteins and pathways associated with peanut allergy:from molecular networking to biological interpretation

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1322-1335页

作者： Emmanuel Kemmler julian Braun Florent Fauchère Sabine Dölle-Bierke Kirsten Beyer Robert Preissner Margitta Worm Priyanka Banerjee Institute for Physiology Charité-University Medicine BerlinBerlin 10115Germany Member of the KFO339 FOOD@Berlin 10115Germany Si-M/“Der Simulierte Mensch”a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin 10115Germany Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlin 10115Germany Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of DermatologyVenerology and AllergyCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlin 10115Germany Pediatrics Campus VirchowCharité-University Medicine BerlinBerlin 10115Germany

Peanut allergy is majorly related to severe food induced allergic *** food including cow's milk,hen's eggs,soy,wheat,peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,hazelnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios),fish and shellfish are responsible for more than 90%of food ***,we provide promising insights using a large-scale data-driven analysis,comparing the mechanistic feature and biological relevance of different ingredients presents in peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios)and ***,we have analysed the chemical compositions of peanuts in different processed form raw,boiled and *** the data-driven approach we are able to generate new hypotheses to explain why nuclear receptors like the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)and its isoform and their interaction with dietary lipids may have significant effect on allergic *** results obtained from this study will direct future experimeantal and clinical studies to understand the role of dietary lipids and PPARisoforms to exert pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions on cells of the innate immunity and influence antigen presentation to the cells of the adaptive immunity.

关键词： Allergy informatics Knowledge-graph Data analysis Food allergy Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors Fatty acids

Prospective cohort study on facial profile changes in infants with Robin sequence and healthy controls

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： Cornelia Wiechers julian Sowula Karen Kreutzer Christoph E.Schwarz Christina Weismann Michael Krimmel Christian F.Poets Bernd Koos Department of Neonatology Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany Center for Cleft Lip Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

Background Various conservative and surgical approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial profile and mandibular catch-up growth are unclear.A functional treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,includes an individualized palatal plate with a velo-pharyngeal extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectively describe facial profiles in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isolated RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal and national referral centre for craniofacial malformations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3D-photographs during clinically indicated *** controls were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 *** digitally measured jaw index(JI),defined as alveolar overjet(O)x maxillary arch(U)/mandibular arch(L),and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,B’-point angle(ANB’),describing the relative position of maxilla to mandible,were *** mixed models were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.Results A total of 2073D images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 controls,were *** and ANB’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%CI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANB’:−0.40°per month[(95%CI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained lower in controls[for JI−2.5(95%CI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANB’-1.7°(95%CI−2.4 to−1.0)].Also,the ANB’model showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** Based on longitudinal 3D images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial profile in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibular catch-up growth Pre-epiglottic Baton Plate Robin sequence Three-dimensional photography

The g-factor measurement as an ultimate test for nuclear chirality

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 1-10页

作者： Ernest Grodner MichałKowalczyk julian Srebrny Leszek Próchniak Chrystian Droste Jan Kownacki Maciej Kisieliński Krzysztof Starosta Takeshi Koike National Centre for Nuclear Research 05-540ŚwierkPoland Heavy Ion Laboratory University of WarsawPasteura 5a02-093 WarsawPoland Faculty of Physics University of WarsawPasteura 502-093 WarsawPoland Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive BurnabyB.C.Canada V5A 1S6 Department of Physics Tohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagi 980-8577Japan

We present results of a series of experiments aimed at finding the most direct fingerprints of a phenomenon of nuclear chirality. These experiments brought a detailed knowledge of the so called partner bands in 132La, 128Cs and 126Cs including absolute values of E2 and M1 transition probabilities obtained through the DSA (Doppler Shift Attenuation) method. Considering the indirect character of observables such as energies and transition rates we proposed measurement of the g-factor of a chosen state as a direct, ultimate test of chirality. Our experiment on the bandhead of partner bands in 128Cs showed feasibility of this approach. Measured value of the g-factor which suggests non-chiral character of this state leads to another puzzle in the chirality studies — how the chirality emerges with increasing spin of levels along a partner band.

关键词： nuclear chirality electromagnetic transitions electromagnetic moments level lifetimes

Quality evaluation of Nothofagus pumilio seeds linked to forest management and climatic events

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 98-107页

作者： julian Rodríguez-Souilla Jimena E.Chaves María Vanessa Lencinas Juan Manuel Cellini Fidel A.Roig Pablo L.Peri Guillermo Martinez Pastur Laboratorio de Recursos Agroforestales Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CADIC) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET ) Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Maderas (LIMAD) Universidad Nacional de la Plata (UNLP) Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IAN-IGLA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET )

Background Forest ecosystems undergo significant transformations due to harvesting and climate fluctuations, emphasizing the critical role of seeding in natural regeneration and long-term structural preservation. Climate change further amplifies these dynamics, affecting phenology across species and regions. In Tierra del Fuego(Argentina), Nothofagus pumilio(lenga) forests represent the most important timber resource, and it is managed through different silvicultural strategies. This species demonstrates notable post-disturbance regeneration, yet seed fall exhibits signifi-cant variability, leading to variations in seed quality(e.g., viability). This study aims to assess fluctuations in N. pumilio seed quality, determine how it varies concerning forest management strategies, annual productivity, and the co-occurrence of climatic phenomena including El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) and the Southern Annular Mode(SAM).Results Viable seeds represented 18.4% of the total, notably higher in unharvested than in managed areas. Con-versely, empty seeds were more prevalent in harvested areas(> 75%). Seed quality exhibited significant differences across silvicultural treatments, except for insect-predated seeds, which had similar proportions across all areas, though dispersed retention showed higher predation. When considering years with varying production levels, high-production years favoured full and viable seeds, particularly in unharvested forests and aggregated retention, while low-production years saw reduced viability across all treatments. Quadratic models revealed that viability increased with seed production, where unharvested forests achieved the highest values. Climate variability influenced seed proportions, where ENSO+/SAM+ promoting more full and viable seeds, while ENSO–/SAM+ favoured non-predated seeds, especially in unharvested *** Seed quality varies among treatments and years with different levels of seeding. Variations in seed qual-ity, l

关键词： Forest management Seeding Climate change Extreme event Patagonia