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Proteogenomic review of the changes in primate apoC-I during evolution

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第5期8卷 533-548页

作者： Donald L. PUPPIONE julian P. WHITELEGGE The Molecular Biology Institute University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA The Pasarow Mass Spectrometry Laboratory The Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

Apolipoprotein C-I has evolved more rapidly than any of the other soluble apolipoproteins. During the course of primate evolution, the gene for this apolipoprotein was duplicated. Prompted by our observation that the two resulting genes encode two distinct forms of apoC-I in great apes, we have reviewed both the genomic and proteomic data to examine what changes have occurred during the course of primate evolution. We have found data showing that one of the duplicated genes, known to be a pseudogene in humans, was also a pseudogene in Denisovans and Neandertals. Using genomic and proteomic data for primates, we will provide in this review evidence that the duplication took place after the divergence of New World monkeys from the human lineage and that the formation of the pseudogene took place after the divergence of the bonobos and chimpanzees from the human lineage.

关键词： mass spectrometry apoC-IA apoC-IB apes Old World monkeys New World monkeys

Deforming generalized cylinders without self-intersection by means of a parametric center curve

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Computational Visual Media 2018年第4期4卷 305-321页

作者： Ruibin Ma Qingyu Zhao Rui Wang James Damon julian Rosenman Stephen Pizer Computer Science University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Mathematics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Radiation Oncology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Large-scale deformations of a tubular object, or generalized cylinder, are often defined by a target shape for its center curve, typically using a parametric target curve. This task is non-trivial for free-form deformations or direct manipulation methods because it is hard to manually control the centerline by adjusting control points. Most skeleton-based methods are no better, again due to the small number of manually adjusted control points. In this paper, we propose a method to deform a generalized cylinder based on its skeleton composed of a centerline and orthogonal cross sections. Although we are not the first to use such a skeleton, we propose a novel skeletonization method that tries to minimize the number of intersections between neighboring cross sections by means of a relative curvature condition to detect intersections. The mesh deformation is first defined geometrically by deforming the centerline and mapping the cross sections. Rotation minimizing frames are used during mapping to control twisting. Secondly, given displacements on the cross sections, the deformation is decomposed into finely subdivided regions. We limit distortion at these vertices by minimizing an elastic thin shell bending energy,in linear time. Our method can handle complicated generalized cylinders such as the human colon.

关键词： generalized cylinder deformation skeleton self-intersection

Multidimensional resilience decision-making for complex and substructured systems

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2022年第3期1卷 61-78页

作者： julian Salomon Jasper Behrensdorf Niklas Winnewisser Matteo Broggi Michael Beer Institute for Risk and Reliability Leibniz University HannoverHanoverGermany Institute for Risk and Uncertainty University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUnited Kingdom International Joint Research Center for Resilient Infrastructure&International Joint Research Center for Engineering Reliability and Stochastic Mechanics Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Complex systems,such as infrastructure networks,industrial plants and jet engines,are of paramount importance to modern ***,these systems are subject to a variety of different *** research focuses not only on monitoring and improving the robustness and reliability of systems,but also on their recoverability from adverse *** concept of resilience encompasses precisely these ***,efficient resilience analysis for the modern systems of our societies is becoming more and more *** to their increasing complexity,system components frequently exhibit significant complexity of their own,requiring them to be modeled as systems,i.e.,***,efficient resilience analysis approaches are needed to address this emerging *** work presents an efficient resilience decision-making procedure for complex and substructured systems.A novel methodology is derived by bringing together two methods from the fields of reliability analysis and modern resilience assessment.A resilience decision-making framework and the concept of survival signature are extended and merged,providing an efficient approach for quantifying the resilience of complex,large and substructured systems subject to monetary *** new approach combines both of the advantageous characteristics of its two original components:A direct comparison between various resilience-enhancing options from a multidimensional search space,leading to an optimal trade-off with respect to the system resilience and a significant reduction of the computational effort due to the separation property of the survival signature,once a subsystem structure has been computed,any possible characterization of the probabilistic part can be validated with no need to recompute the *** developed methods are applied to the functional model of a multistage high-speed axial compressor and two substructured systems of increasing complexity,providing accurate results

关键词： Resilience Decision-making Survival signature Reliability Complex systems Substructured systems

Achievements,challenges and global implications of China’s carbon neutral pledge

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第8期16卷 285-288页

作者： Hong Yang Xianjin Huang Jianlin Hu julian R.Thompson Roger J.Flower Department of Geography and Environmental Science University of ReadingReading RG66ABUK School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control(AEMPC)School of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Geography University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK

China has been committed to achieving carbon neutrality by ***’s pledge of carbon neutrality will play an essential role in galvanising global climate action,which has been largely deferred by the Covid-19 ***’s carbon neutrality could reduce global warming by approximately 0.2–0.3°C and save around 1.8 million people from premature death due to air *** with domestic benefits,China’s pledge of carbon neutrality is a“game-changer”for global climate action and can inspire other large carbon emitters to contribute actively to mitigate carbon emissions,particularly countries along the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)*** order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060,it is necessary to decarbonise all sectors in China,including energy,industry,transportation,construction,and ***,this transition will be very challenging,because major technological breakthroughs and large-scale investments are *** policies and implementation plans are essential,including sustainable demand,decarbonizing electricity,electrification,fuel switching,and negative *** particular,if China can peak carbon emissions earlier,it can lower the costs of the carbon neutral transition and make it easier to do so over a longer time ***’s pledge of carbon neutrality by 2060 and recent pledges at the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties(COP26)are significant contributions and critical steps for global climate ***,countries worldwide need to achieve carbon neutrality to keep the global temperature from growing beyond the level that will cause catastrophic damages globally.

关键词： Carbon neutrality Carbon peak Renewable energy Negative emission Carbon capture Utilisation and storage Nature-based solution

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Long-term overlap of social and genetic structure in free-ranging house mice reveals dynamic seasonal and group size effects

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Current Zoology 2021年第1期67卷 59-69页

作者： julian C.EVANS Anna K.LINDHOLM Barbara KöNIG Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190Zurich8057Switzerland

Associating with relatives in social groups can bring benefits such as reduced risk of aggression and increased likelihood of *** among relatives over limited resources,on the other hand,can induce individuals to alter their patterns of *** density might further affect the costs and benefits of associating with relatives by altering resource competition or by changing the structure of social groups;preventing easy association with ***,the overlap between genetic and social structure is expected to decrease with increasing population size,as well as during times of increased breeding ***,we use multi-layer network techniques to quantify the similarity between long-term,high resolution genetic,and behavioral data from a large population of free-ranging house mice(Mus musculus domesticus),studied over *** infer how the benefit of associating with genetically similar individuals might fluctuate in relation to breeding behavior and environmental *** found a clear seasonal effect,with decreased overlap between social and genetic structure during summer months,characterized by high temperatures and high breeding *** the effect of overall population size was relatively weak,we found a clear decrease in the overlap between genetic similarity and social associations within larger *** well as longer-term within-group changes,these results reveal population-wide short-term shifts in how individuals associate with *** study suggests that resource competition modifies the trade-off between the costs and benefits of interacting with relatives.

关键词： genetic relatedness long-term data multilayer networks seasonal social behavior

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Concomitant Chinese Medicine Use by Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in A Multi-Ethnic Asian Population

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第3期28卷 223-228页

作者： HUANG You-yi XIN Xiao-hui Rehena Sultana julian Thumboo FONG Kok Yong Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Singapore General HospitalSingapore Medicine Academic Clinical Program Division of MedicineSingapore General HospitalSingapore Centre for Quantitative Medicine Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore

Objective:To determine the prevalence,factors associated with and patterns of concomitant Chinese medicine(CM)with Western treatment use among patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA)in a tertiary referral centre(Singapore General Hospital)in ***:We conducted a cross-sectional intervieweradministered survey of a consecutive sample of patients with RA in Singapore General Hospital centre regarding their CM use including data on patient demographics,disease characteristics,concomitant use of CM and reasons,concerns and disclosure patterns from March to August *** and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the associations of CM ***:Prevalence of CM use among the 258 patients surveyed(male:female 42:216;Chinese:Malay:Indian 191:29:34;mean age:61 years;mean duration of RA:10 years)was 46.1%(119/258).On muutivariate analysis,Chinese ethnicity(OR,95%CI:4.11,1.49-11.36),Chinese speakers(OR,95%CI:2.35,1.03-5.54),middle-income group(OR,95%CI:2.53,1.01-6.31)and greater learned helplessness(OR,95%CI:1.13,1.04-1.22)were significantly associated with CM *** CM users disclosed their CM use to CM physicians(87.3%,96/110),sought advice from them on treatment interactions(59.4%,57/96)and how best to combine treatments(49.0%,47/96)than did so with rheumatologists(42.0%,50/119;40.0%,20/50;and 42.0%,21/50,respectively).Forty-two percentage(29/69)of patients who concealed CM use from rheumatologists because their rheumatologists did not specifically enquire about CM ***:Concomitant CM use among patients with RA treated in a tertiary referral centre in Singapore is high but voluntary disclosure is *** associations identified can help doctors identify and enquire about CM use,minimizing potential adverse interactions.

关键词： pevalence rheumatoid arthritis Chinese medicine complementary therapies

Multiple forest structural elements are needed to promote beetle biomass, diversity and abundance

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 585-595页

作者： Nolan J.Rappa Michael Staab julian Frey Nathalie Winiger Alexandra-Maria Klein Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology University of FreiburgTennenbacherstrasse 479106Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Ecological Networks Technical University DarmstadtSchnittspahnstrasse 364287DarmstadtGermany Forest Growth and Dendroecology University of FreiburgTennenbacherstrasse 479106Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Wildlife Ecology and Management University of FreiburgTennenbacherstrasse 479106Freiburg im BreisgauGermany

Background:Retention forestry is a management strategy aiming to mitigate biodiversity loss by retaining structural elements such as dead trees that would otherwise be *** we analyze the biomass,diversity and abundance among forest beetles collected using window traps on 1281-ha forest sites reflecting gradients in the amount of structural elements in southwestern ***:We found that beetle biomass increased with mean diameter at breast height(a measure of tree size),and decreased with stand structural *** of individual feeding guilds responded differently to forest structural elements,namely lying deadwood,understory complexity,tree basal area and stand structural *** family diversity increased with the effective number of layers,i.e.1-m forest strata occupied by vegetation assessed via terrestrial laser *** of feeding guilds responded to only elevation and share of deciduous *** composition in terms of biomass was structured by forest elements similar to biomass of individual feeding guilds,with the addition of lying *** differed from community composition in terms of abundance of feeding guilds,which was structured by primarily standing deadwood volume and share of deciduous ***:Our results show that biomass,diversity and abundance respond differently to forest structural *** suggests that the concurrent prioritization of multiple forest elements is needed to promote forest beetles,with more focus placed on the differing resource needs among feeding *** addition,retention strategies should also consider the varying responses of beetle biodiversity metrics when assessing the importance of forest structural elements.

关键词： Allometry Biodiversity Coleoptera Forest management Terrestrial laser scanning Window trap

[Y(dbm)_(3)(H_(2)O)]:Synthesis,thermal behavior and spin-coating precursor for Y_(2)O_(3)layer formation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2017年第12期35卷 1248-1254页

作者： Elaheh Pousaneh Andrea Preuβ Khaybar Assim julian Noll Alexander Jakob Tobias Rüffer Heinrich Lang Technische Universitat Chemnitz Faculty of Natural SciencesInstitute of ChemistryInorganic Chemistry

The synthesis,structure and thermal behavior of [Y（dbm）3（H2 O）]（3）（dbm = 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propandionate） and its use as a spin-coating precursor for Y2 O3 deposition is reported. Complex 3 was prepared by the reaction of [Y（NO3）3·6 H2 O]（1） with 3 equiv of Hdbm（2） in presence of NaOH. The molecular structure of 3 in the solid-state was determined by single X-ray crystal diffraction. Both C1 symmetric crystallographically independent species of 3 possess a YO7 coordination setup with minor deviation from an ideal capped octahedron coordination geometry（∧ enantiomer）. Complex 3 forms a1 D chain, due to intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the coordinated H2 O molecule and the 0 atom of the dbm ligand, respectively. The thermal decomposition behavior of 3 was investigated by thermogravimetric studies in the temperature range of 40-800 ℃ and 40-1300 ℃ under an oxygen and argon atmosphere, respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction（PXRD） measurements of the residues confirmed the formation of Y2 O3. Complex 3 was applied as a spin-coating precursor for yttrium oxide film formation on either Si wafers with a continuous 100 nm thick SiO2 film, or with a native oxide *** as-deposited Y2 O3 layers are smooth, conformal, dense and transparent and are of a thickness of 27 and 30 nm, respectively.

关键词： Yttrium β-Diketonate Yttrium oxide Spin-coating Solid-state structure Vapor pressure

Making Biological Materials

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2005年第4期2卷 209-237页

作者： julian F.V.Vincent Centre for Biomimetics and Natural Technologies Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Bath Bath BA2 7AY UK

1 Chemistry and synthesis 1.1 Production and control of materials These days there can be few people who do not know that proteins are defined by DNA. DNA is made of two strands, each of which has along it, like a string of fairy lights, side branches that meet between the strands and hold them together. It is the sequence of these paired side branches （bases） that stores the information needed to define a protein. Three of the bases in sequence provide the information which, translated by the cell＇ s machinery, codes for a particular amino acid. Amino acids polymerise to make up specific proteins and, eventually, us. In defining an organism, that can weigh several tons, in its sequence of bases, the minute amount of DNA necessary for this task is an amazing example of data compression. When I was at school in Cambridge, shortly after Crick and Watson had worked out the basic structure of DNA for their Nobel prize, an enterprising breakfast cereal company had a cardboard cut-out DNA double spiral on the back of their packets. No doubt if you ate enough breakfasts you could save up for a whole gene. I don＇ t know what bit of protein the DNA coded for - I suspect no one did at the time. I remember another of the big names in genetics, Sydney Brenner （whose son went to our school and who later also got a Nobel prize）,

关键词： Making Biological Materials