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RBP-J is required for M2 macrophage polarization in response to chitin and mediates expression of a subset of M2 genes

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Protein & Cell 2016年第3期7卷 201-209页

作者： julia Foldi Yingli Shang Baohong Zhao Lionel B. Ivashkiv Xiaoyu Hu Graduate Program in Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences New York NY 10021 USA School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program Hospital for Special Surgery New York NY 10021 USA

Development of alternatively activated （M2） macrophage phenotypes is a complex process that is coordinately regulated by a plethora of pathways and factors. Here, we report that RBP-J, a DNA-binding protein that integrates signals from multiple pathways including the Notch pathway, is critically involved in polarization of M2 macrophages. Mice deficient in RBP-J in the myeloid compartment exhibited impaired M2 phenotypes in vivo in a chitin-induced model of M2 polarization. Consistent with the in vivo findings, M2 polarization was partially compromised in vitro in Rbpj-deficient macrophages as demonstrated by reduced expression of a subset of M2 effector molecules including arginase 1. Functionally, myeloid Rbpj deficiency impaired M2 effector functions including recruitment of eosinophils and suppression of T cell proliferation. Collectively, we have identified RBP- Jas an essential regulator of differentiation and function of alternatively activated macrophages.

关键词： macrophages RBP-J M2 arginase chitin

Vitamin D_(3) attenuates anxiety-like behavior in long-term ovariectomized rats with unpredictable mild stress

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BIOCELL 2019年第4期43卷 299-311页

作者： DENIS BARANENKO julia FEDOTOVA ANNEMIEKE JOHANNA MARIA VAN DEN TOL International Research Centre“Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium” ITMO University9 Lomonosova Str.St.Petersburg191002Russia Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology I.P.Pavlov Institute of Physiology RASci.6 Emb.MakarovaSt.Petersburg199034Russia University of Lincoln School of Psychology Sarah Swift Building 3201Brayford PoolLincolnLN57AYUK.

The impact of various vitamin D3(VD3)doses(1.0,2.5,or 5 mg/kg,s.c.)in mitigating the negative consequences of chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)was *** female rats with long-term estrogen deficiency were assessed using the sucrose preference test(SPT),the elevated plus-maze(EPM),the light/dark test(LDT),and the open-field test(OFT)to measure anhedonia-like and anxiety-like *** corticosterone(CS)and adrenocorticotrophic hormone(ACTH)concentrations in blood serum and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)expression in the hippocampus of long-term ovariectomized(OVX)rats were measured by ELISA kits and/or western *** with VD3(5.0 mg/kg),similarly to fluoxetine(10.0 mg/kg),significantly reduced the anhedonia profile in the SPT and anxiety-like behavior in the EPM and LDT,and CS and ACTH levels in blood *** also elevated BDNF levels in the hippocampus of long-term OVX/CUMS compared to OVX/CUMS/solvent ***,these findings suggest that VD3(5.0 mg/kg)administration might attenuate the anxiety-like profile in long-term OVX adult rats subjected to the *** might occur via activation of the BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus and via restoration of CS and ACTH levels in blood serum.

关键词： Anxiety BDNF Chronic unpredictable mild stress Long-term ovariectomy Vitamin D3

Re-evaluating the importance of carbohydrates as regenerative biomaterials

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2019年第1期6卷 1-12页

作者： Heidi F.Oldenkamp julia E.Vela Ramirez Nicholas A.Peppas Institute for Biomaterials Drug Deliveryand Regenerative Medicine McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Pediatrics Dell Medical School Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care Dell Medical School Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery College of PharmacyThe University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

Introduction Carbohydrates are the most abundant natural biomaterials in the *** interacting with cells of a variety of levels,they take part in essential functions of organisms including cellular communication,inflammation,infection development and *** carbohydrate–cell interactions occur on a variety of levels through glycoconjugates such as glycolipids,glycosaminoglycans(GAGs),glycoproteins and proteoglycans[1–4].The roles of carbohydrates in biological systems pose them as some of the most sought-after *** use of these multifaceted molecules provides the opportunity to tailor desired responses depending on the target application[1–5].

关键词： carbohydrate regenerative biomaterials polysaccharide tissue engineering

A micromechanical model for efective conductivity in granular electrode structures

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2013年第5期29卷 682-698页

作者： julia Ott Benjamin Vlker Yixiang Gan Robert M.Mc Meeking Marc Kamlah Institute of Applied Materials Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76131 Karlsruhe Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106 USA School of Civil Engineering The University of SydneyNSW 2006 Australia Materials Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106 USA School of Engineering University of AberdeenKing’s CollegeAberdeenAB24 3UE Scotland UK INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials Campus D22 66123 Saarbrücken Germany

Optimization of composition and microstructure is important to enhance performance of solid oxide fuel cells （SOFC） and lithium-ion batteries （LIB）. For this, the porous electrode structures of both SOFC and LIB are modeled as a binary mixture of electronic and ionic conducting particles to estimate effective transport properties. Particle packings of 10000 spherical, binary sized and randomly positioned particles are created numerically and densified considering the different manufacturing processes in SOFC and LIB： the sintering of SOFC electrodes is approximated geometrically, whereas the calendering process and volume change due to intercalation in LIB are modeled physically by a discrete el- ement approach. A combination of a tracking algorithm and a resistor network approach is developed to predict the con- nectivity and effective conductivity for the various densified structures. For SOFC, a systematic study of the influence of morphology on connectivity and conductivity is performed on a large number of assemblies with different compositions and particle size ratios between 1 and 10. In comparison to percolation theory, an enlarged percolation area is found, es- pecially for large size ratios. It is shown that in contrast to former studies the percolation threshold correlates to varying coordination numbers. The effective conductivity shows not only an increase with volume fraction as expected but also with size ratio. For LIB, a general increase of conductivity during the intercalation process was observed in correlation with increasing contact forces. The positive influence of cal- endering on the percolation threshold and the effective conductivity of carbon black is shown. The anisotropy caused by the calendering process does not influence the carbon black phase.

关键词： Granular electrode structures Effective conductivity - Percolation

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Hypergastrinemia

Gastroenterology Report 2015年第3期3卷 201-208页

作者： Sunil Dacha Mohammed Razvi julia Massaad Qiang Cai Mohammad Wehbi Internal Medicine Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA

Gastrin is an important hormone of the digestive system,which assists gastric acid *** may be pathologically elevated in conditions such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome,or due to common medications such as proton pump *** this review we provide an overview of the pathophysiology and medical causes of hypergastrinemia,diagnostic testing and clinical consequences of chronic hypergastrinemia.

关键词： hypergastrinemia carcinoid helicobacter pylori

Impact of environmental variables on spatial and seasonal internal phosphorus loading in a mesoeutrophic lake

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第1期34卷 14-26页

作者： Katarzyna Kowalczewska-Madura Ryszard Go?dyn julia Bogucka Katarzyna Strzelczyk Department of Water Protection Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz University

Strzeszynskie Lake was formerly a slightly eutrophic（meso-eutrophic） water body. The aim of the current research was to define variables on both spatial and seasonal internal phosphorus loading from bottom sediments at five stations located in zones varying in depth, oxygenation, macrophyte presence,and uses of the neighboring catchment area. Ex situ experiments done with the use of intact bottom sediment cores have shown that the highest phosphorus release occurred in the deepest part of the lake and reached 3.6 mg P/m2d under anoxic conditions during summer thermal stratification. In turn, the internal loading from littoral sediments, which were well aerated all year round, was clearly ***, phosphorus accumulation in the bottom sediment was observed to reach a maximum of 1.45 mg P/m2d in autumn. A comparison of the internal loading intensity in lake zones with different land uses of the neighboring catchment area has shown slightly higher values at stations adjacent to the forest catchment area than those used for recreation. Changes in the land use of the catchment area of Strzeszynskie Lake, especially the increase in impermeable surfaces, have led to an increased inflow of external loads after heavy rains, resulting in deterioration in water quality and a delayed increase in internal loading.

关键词： Bottom sediments Interstitial water Bottom water Internal loading Sediment-water interface

Geospatial web services pave new ways for server-based on-demand access and processing of Big Earth Data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第1期11卷 7-25页

作者： julia Wagemann Oliver Clements Ramiro Marco Figuera Angelo Pio Rossi Simone Mantovani Forecast Department European Centre for Medium-Range Weather ForecastsReadingUK Remote Sensing Group Plymouth Marine LaboratoryPlymouthUK Department of Physics and Earth Sciences Jacobs UniversityBremenGermany MEEO S.r.l. FerraraItaly

Big Earth Data has experienced a considerable increase in volume in recent years due to improved sensing technologies and improvement of numerical-weather prediction *** traditional geospatial data analysis workflow hinders the use of large volumes of geospatial data due to limited disc space and computing *** web service technologies bring new opportunities to access large volumes of Big Earth Data via the Internet and to process them at *** practical examples are presented from the marine,climate,planetary and earth observation science communities to show how the standard interface Web Coverage Service and its processing extension can be integrated into the traditional geospatial data *** service technologies offer a time-and cost-effective way to access multidimensional data in a user-tailored format and allow for rapid application development or time-series *** transport is minimised and enhanced processing capabilities are *** research is required to investigate web service implementations in an operational mode and large data centres have to become more progressive towards the adoption of geo-data standard *** the same time,data users have to become aware of the advantages of web services and be trained how to benefit from them most.

关键词： Geospatial web services interoperability Big Earth Data open data Open Geospatial Consortium(OGC)

The function of animal ‘eyespots’:Conspicuousness but not eye mimicry is key

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Current Zoology 2009年第5期55卷 319-326页

作者： Martin STEVENS Abi CANTOR julia GRAHAM Isabel S.WINNEY Department of Zoology University of CambridgeDowning Street

Many animals are marked with conspicuous circular features often called ＇eyespots＇, which intimidate predators, preventing or halting an attack. It has long been assumed that eyespots work by mimicking the eyes of larger animals, but recent experiments have indicated that conspicuousness and contrast is important in eyespot function, and not eye mimicry. We undertake two further experiments to distinguish between the conspicuousness and mimicry hypotheses, by using artificial prey presented to wild avian predators in the field. In experiment 1, we test if eyespot effectiveness depends on the marking shape （bar or circle） and arrangement （eye-like and non-eye-like positions）. We find no difference between shapes or arrangement; all spots were equally effective in scaring birds. In experiment 2, we test if the often yellow and black colors of eyespots mimic the eyes of birds of prey. We find no effect of shape, and no advantage to yellow and black spots over non-eye-like but equally conspicuous colors. The consistent finding is that eyespot function lies in being a conspicuous signal to predators, and not necessarily due to eye mimicry [ Current Zoology 55 （5）： 319 - 326, 2009].

关键词： Eyespots Conspicuousness Mimicry Predation Protective coloration

Selecting the best:Interspecific and age-related diet differences among sympatric steppe passerines

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Avian Research 2023年第4期14卷 611-622页

作者： julia Zurdo Paula Gomez-Lopez Adrian Barrero Daniel Bustillo-de la Rosa julia Gomez-Catasús Margarita Reverter Cristian Perez-Granados Manuel B.Morales Juan Traba Terrestrial Ecology Group Department of EcologyUniversidad Autonoma de Madrid(TEG-UAM)MadridSpain Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidady Cambio Global Universidad Autonoma de Madrid(CIBC-UAM)MadridSpain Ecology Department/IMEM“Ramon Margalef” Universidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain

Parental food provisioning is crucial for the growth and survival of *** rate depends on food quality and food supplied to offspring may differ from what adults use for their *** the case of steppe passerine birds,detailed characterization on nestling dietary composition,as well as prey choice and resource partitioning among species,is a pending *** differences between nestlings and adults remain also largely *** using faecal DNA metabarcoding,we described the diet of nestlings and adults of five shrub-steppe passerine species over the 2017–2019 breeding seasons in central *** also monitored arthropod availability in the field to assess dietary *** expected interspecific dietary differences to limit competition for food resources among sympatric species,as well as parental selection of high quality prey for *** also predicted age-related differences,with nestlings being fed nutrient-rich prey more frequently than *** main arthropod orders provisioned to nestlings were Orthoptera,Julida,Araneae and *** of the different species showed high interspecific diet overlap,indicating both a coincidence in growth needs among bird species and no or little limitation of the most profitable resources during the breeding *** of all species showed higher diet richness than nestlings,and age-related differences in prey composition were mainly driven by the selection of the most easily digestible,larger protein-and calcium-rich prey for nestlings,which may favour their rapid growth,and avoiding highly sclerotized and less nutritional prey such as *** study sheds light on the basic ecology and conservation of these declining steppe birds,indicating that interspecific competition may not be a major factor during the breeding *** the current global decline of arthropods,further long-term research would be necessary,along with the implementation of effective conservation measure

关键词： 18S Faecal material Nestling diet Prey choice Resource partitioning