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Fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第20期29卷 3185-3202页

作者： Sofie Ingdam Halkjaer Bobby Lo Frederik Cold Alice Hojer Christensen Savanne Holster julia konig Robert Jan Brummer Olga C Aroniadis Perttu Lahtinen Tom Holvoet Lise Lotte Gluud Andreas Munk Petersen Gastro Unit Medical DivisionCopenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovre 2650Denmark Copenhagen IBD Center Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovre 2650Denmark Department of Gastroenterology Aleris-Hamlet Hospitals CopenhagenSøborg 2860Denmark Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Centre Faculty of Medicine and HealthSchool of Medical SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebro 70362Sweden Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyRenaissance School of MedicineStony Brook University HospitalNew YorkNY 11794-8434United States Department of Internal Medicine Päijät-Häme Central HospitalLahti 15850Finland Department of Medicine University of HelsinkiHelsinki 00014Finland Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital GhentGhent 9000Belgium Department of Clinical Medicine University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2200Denmark Department of Clinical Microbiology Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovre 2650Denmark

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorder in developed countries and reduces patients’quality of life,hinders their ability to work,and increases health care costs.A growing number of trials have demonstrated an aberrant gut microbiota composition in IBS,also known as‘gut dysbiosis’.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)has been suggested as a treatment for *** To assess the efficacy and safety of FMT for the treatment of *** We searched Cochrane Central,MEDLINE,EMBASE and Web of Science up to 24 October 2022 for randomised controlled trials(RCTs)investigating the effectiveness of FMT compared to placebo(including autologous FMT)in treating *** primary outcome was the number of patients with improvements of symptoms measured using a validated,global IBS symptoms *** outcomes were changes in quality-of-life scores,non-serious and serious adverse *** ratios(RR)and corresponding 95%CI were calculated for dichotomous outcomes,as were the mean differences(MD)and 95%CI for continuous *** Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the *** criteria were used to assess the overall quality of the *** Eight RCTs(484 participants)were included in the *** resulted in no significant benefit in IBS symptoms three months after treatment compared to placebo(RR 1.19,95%CI:0.68-2.10).Adverse events were reported in 97 participants in the FMT group and in 45 participants in the placebo group(RR 1.17,95%CI:0.63-2.15).One serious adverse event occurred in the FMT group and two in the placebo group(RR 0.42,95%CI:0.07-2.60).Endoscopic FMT delivery resulted in a significant improvement in symptoms,while capsules did *** did not improve the quality of life of IBS patients but,instead,appeared to reduce it,albeit non significantly(MD-6.30,95%CI:-13.39-0.79).The overall quality of the evidence was low due to moderate-high inconsistency,the small number of

关键词： Fecal microbiota transplantation Irritable bowel syndrome Meta-analysis Systematic review

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The Role of Lactic Acid Bacteria in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第11期4卷 27-39页

作者： julia konig Ignacio Rangel Robert J.Brummer School of Health and Medical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthOrebro UniversityOrebroSweden

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a multifactorial chronic disorder characterized by various abdominal complaints and a worldwide prevalence of 10% - 20%. Although its etiology and pathophysiology are complex and still not completely understood, aberrations along the microbe-gut-brain axis are known to play a central role. IBS is characterized by interrelated alterations in intestinal barrier function, gut microbe composition, immune activation, afferent sensory signaling and brain activity. Pharmaceutical treatment is generally ineffective and, hence, most therapeutic strategies are based on non-drug approaches. A promising option is the administration of probiotics, in which lactic acid bacteria strains are considered specifically beneficial. This review aims to provide a concise, although comprehensive, overview of the role of lactic acid bacteria in the pathophysiology and treatment of IBS.

关键词： Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Probiotics Lactic Acid Bacteria Gut-Brain Axis

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Transcriptional Activation and Production of Tryptophan-Derived Secondary Metabolites in Arabidopsis Roots Contributes to the Defense against the Fungal Vascular Pathogen Verticillium Iongisporum

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Molecular Plant 2012年第6期5卷 1389-1402页

作者： Tim Iven Stefanie konig Seema Singh Susanna A. Braus-Stromeyer Matthias Bischoff Lutz F. Tietze Gerhard H. Braus Volker Lipka Ivo Feussner Wolfgang Droge-Laser Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg Julius-von-Sachs-lnstitut Pharmazeutische Biologie Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2 97082 Wurzburg Germany Georg-August-Universitat Albrecht-von-Haller-lnstitut fur Pflanzenwissenschaften Biochemie der Pflanze Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11 37077 GottingenGermany Georg-August-Universitat Institut for Mikrobiologie und Genetik Molekulare Mikrobiologie und Genetik Grisebachstr. 8 37077 Gottingen Germany Georg-August-Universitat Institut for Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie AG Tietze Tammannstrasse 2 37077 Gottingen Germany Georg-August-Universitat Schwann-Schleiden-Forschungszentrum for Molekulare Zellbiologie Abteilung Zellbiologie der Pflanze Julia-Lermontowa-Weg3 37077 Gottingen Germany

The soil-borne fungal pathogen Verticillium Iongisporum causes vascular disease on Brassicaceae host plants such as oilseed rape. The fungus colonizes the root xylem and moves upwards to the foliage where disease symptoms become visible. Using Arabidopsis as a model for early gene induction, we performed root transcriptome analyses in re- sponse to hyphal growth immediately after spore germination and during penetration of the root cortex, respectively. Infected roots showed a rapid reprogramming of gene expression such as activation of transcription factors, stress-, and defense-related genes. Here, we focused on the highly coordinated gene induction resulting in the production of tryp- tophan-derived secondary metabolites. Previous studies in leaves showed that enzymes encoded by CYP81F2 and PEN2 （PENETRATION2） execute the formation of antifungal indole glucosinolate （IGS） metabolites. In Verticillium-infected roots, we found transcriptional activation of CYP81F2 and the PEN2 homolog PEL 1 （PEN2-LIKE1）, but no increase in antifungal IGS breakdown products. In contrast, indole-3-carboxylic acid （13CA） and the phytoalexin camalexin accumulated in infected roots but only camalexin inhibited Verticillium growth in vitro. Whereas genetic disruption of the individual metabolic pathways leading to either camalexin or CYP81F2-dependent IGS metabolites did not alter Verticillium-induced disease symptoms, a cyp79b2 cyp79b3 mutant impaired in both branches resulted in significantly enhanced susceptibility. Hence, our data provide an insight into root-specific early defenses and suggest tryptophan-derived metabolites as active anti- fungal compounds against a vascular pathogen.

关键词： Verticillium Iongisporum Arabidopsis root transcriptome camalexin indole glucosinolates.

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