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ENSO impacts on litter stocks and water holding capacity in secondary forests in eastern Amazonia

j.urnal of Forestry Research 2024年第1期35卷 83-89页

作者： julia Isabella de Matos Rodrigues Walmer Bruno Rocha Martins Victor Pereira de Oliveira Myriam Suelen da Silva Wanzerley Hélio Brito dos Santos j.nior Francisco de Assis Oliveira Graduate Program in Forestry Sciences Av.Presidente Tancredo Neves2501BelémPará66077-530Brazil Federal Rural University of Amazonia Av.Presidente Tancredo Neves2501BelémPará66077-530Brazil Federal Rural University of Amazonia Tv.Pau-AmareloCapitão PoçoPará68650-000Brazil National Institute of Amazonia Research Av.Constelação Cruzeiro do SulManausAmazonas 69060-062Brazil

Among the impacts of climate change,there is the intensification of phenomena such as the El Niño South-ern Oscillation(ENSO)responsible for El Niño and La Niñ***,understanding their effects on the functional pro-cesses of forests is ***,this study evaluated the effects of ENSO on litter stock and water holding capac-ity(WHC)in a successional forest in eastern *** occurred in periods with the most rainfall in El Niño(2019)and least in La Niña(2021)*** permanent plots were used to sample *** effects were evident for WHC,higher during El Niñ***,this influence was not clear for litter,as only in the rainy season effects were *** was a positive correlation of WHC with precipitation and humidity,while litter stocks were negatively correlated with temperature and wind *** the subj.ct of this study requires long-term assessments,preliminary results suggests that,depending on the intensity of ENSO,forest functional processes can be strongly impacted and *** conclusion reinforces warnings by the scientific community about the impacts of climate change on the maintenance of litter stocks,decomposition and,consequently,the biogeochemical cycle and essential ecosystem services for the maintenance of Amazonia *** need to develop long-term research to understand the effects of climatic change on litter stocks and water holding capacity is highlighted,especially in Amazonia.

关键词： Seasonality Climate change Succession ecosystem Biogeochemical cycle Amazonia biodiversity

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Woody plant taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean tropical montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temperate taxa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guillermo Bañares-de-Dios Manuel j.Macía Gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda julia Vega-álvarez Itziar Arnelas Carlos I.Espinosa Norma Salinas Luis Cayuela Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain Departamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real j.rdín Botánico–CSIC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain Departamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain Departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECI School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Global(IICG-URj.) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are paramount for exploring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and climates encompassed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in Andean tropical montane forests and explored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 plots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less pronounced for higher Hill *** exception was a slight increase in phylogenetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering process towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude species and functional ***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare species disproportionately contribute to functional *** phylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than previously considered influence in central Andean highlands of tropical lowlands originated species with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temperate *** could be explained by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more prevalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the Tropical Lowlands Functional rarity Tropical Niche Conservatism

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EZH2 inhibitors promote β-like cell regeneration in young and adult type 1 diabetes donors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 679-692页

作者： Keith Al-Hasani Safiya Naina Marikar Harikrishnan Kaipananickal Scott Maxwell j.n Okabe Ishant Khurana Thomas Karagiannis julia j.Liang Lina Mariana Thomas Loudovaris Thomas Kay Assam El-Osta Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Program Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute75 Commercial RoadMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Department of Diabetes Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia Epigenetics in Human Health and Disease Laboratory Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourne 3004 VICAustralia School of Science STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3001 VICAustralia Immunology and Diabetes Unit St Vincent’s Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy 3065 VICAustralia Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity Prince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong Kong3/F Lui Che Woo Clinical Sciences Building30-32-Ngan Shing StreetSha TinHong Kong SAR Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongSha TinHong Kong SAR Biomedical Laboratory Science Department of TechnologyFaculty of HealthUniversity College CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

β-cells are a type of endocrine cell found in pancreatic islets that synthesize,store and release *** type 1 diabetes(T1D),T-cells of the immune system selectively destroy the insulin-producingβ-*** of these cells leads to a lifelong dependence on exogenous insulin administration for ***,there is an urgent need to identify novel therapies that stimulateβ-cell growth and induceβ-cell *** and others have shown that pancreatic ductal progenitor cells are a promising source for regeneratingβ-cells for T1D owing to their inherent differentiation *** transcriptional suppression is refractory to exocrine reaction and tightly controls the regenerative potential by the EZH2 *** the present study,we show that transient stimulation of exocrine cells,derived from j.venile and adult T1D donors to the FDAapproved EZH2 inhibitors GSK126 and Tazemetostat(Taz)influence a phenotypic shift towards aβ-like cell *** transition from repressed to permissive chromatin states are dependent on bivalent H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 chromatin *** EZH2 is fundamental toβ-cell regenerative *** pancreatic ductal cells exhibit insulin production and secretion in response to a physiological glucose challenge ex *** pre-clinical studies underscore the potential of small molecule inhibitors as novel modulators of ductal progenitor differentiation and a promising new approach for the restoration ofβ-like cell function.

关键词： EZH2 struction inhibitors

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Otolaryngology residency program factors associated with female resident representation

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World j.urnal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 7-11页

作者： julia E.Canick j.mes C.Campbell Charles R.Woodard Lars j.Grimm Alissa M.Collins Duke University School of Medicine DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Radiology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA

Obj.ctive:Female representation in the field of otolaryngology is *** is the first point at which medical school graduates specialize in a chosen field and thus represents an opportunity to recruit and train more female *** study sought to identify program factors associated with greater female representation among resident ***:Departmental websites of all 124 otolaryngology residency programs in the United States and Puerto Rico were examined for a list of *** programs with a resident roster available,the genders of residents,faculty,program directors,and chairpersons were *** and city population for each program was also recorded,as was female resident *** were compared using Pearson Chi‐squared univariate ***:1,632 residents and 2,605 faculty were included in the analysis of 109 *** median female resident representation was 40%.Programs with larger faculty sizes,more female faculty,and urban location were associated with an above‐median female resident *** with a larger residency cohort approached significance regarding above‐median female resident *** female faculty representation,program director gender,chairperson gender,and US region were not associated with variation in female resident ***:Greater female otolaryngology residency representation was associated with programs having an urban location and greater numbers of female and total *** was also likely that a larger resident cohort size may affect female resident *** proportions of female faculty,program director,and chairperson gender,as well as the US region,were not associated with variation in female resident gender representation.

关键词： gender program director recruitment residency training

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Treatment and prevention of epilepsy in onchocerciasis-endemic areas is urgently needed

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 85-89页

作者： Robert Colebunders j.seph Nelson Siewe Fodj. Olivia Kamoen Luis-j.rge Amaral Amber Hadermann Chiara Trevisan Mark j.Taylor julia Gauglitz Achim Hoerauf Yasuaki Sato Katj. Polman Maria-Gloria Basanez Dan Bhwana Thomson Lakwo Gasim Abd-Elfarag Sebastien D.Pion Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Department of Neurology Heilig Hart ZiekenhuisLierBelgium Department of Public Health Institute of Tropical MedicineAntwerpBelgium Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine LiverpoolUK Department of Computer Science University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Institute of Medical Microbiology Immunology and ParasitologyUniversity Hospital BonnBonnGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) Partner Site Bonn-CologneBonnGermany School of Global Humanities and Social Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and London Centre for Neglected TropicalDisease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK National Institute for Medical Research TangaTanzania Vector Control Division Ministry of HealthKampalaUganda School of Public Health University of JubaJubaSouth Sudan Access for Humanity JubaSouth Sudan French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development MontpellierFrance

Background There is increasing epidemiological evidence supporting the association between onchocerciasis and seizures, reinforcing the concept of onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy (OAE). The aim of this paper is to provide an update on the new knowledge about OAE and to propose recommendations to the World Health Organization how to address this public health *** text During the 2nd International Workshop on OAE held on 19-21 September, 2023, in Antwerp, Belgium, participants recognised OAE as a substantial yet neglected public health problem, particularly in areas of sub-Saharan Africa where onchocerciasis remains hyperendemic. Evidence from prospective population-based studies suggest that strengthening onchocerciasis elimination efforts leads to a significant reduction of OAE incidence. There is a need to validate an OAE case definition to estimate the burden of disease and identify onchocerciasis-endemic areas requiring intensification of onchocerciasis elimination programmes and integration of epilepsy care. It is expected that raising awareness about OAE will boost the population uptake of ivermectin. The implementation of a community-based epilepsy treatment programme offering free anti-seizure medications (ASMs) has shown high effectiveness in reducing the frequency of seizures and improving the overall quality of life of people with *** To reduce OAE burden, enhanced collaboration between onchocerciasis and mental health programmes at community, national, and international levels is required. Urgent efforts are needed to ensure the uninterrupted provision of free ASMs in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Furthermore, OAE should be included in the quantification of the onchocerciasis disease burden.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Morbidity Burden of disease Prevention Ivermectin Epilepsy Nodding syndrome Treatment Children Policy

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Ca^(2+) binding to the C_(2)E domain of otoferlin is required for hair cell exocytosis and hearing

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Protein & Cell 2024年第4期15卷 305-312页

作者： Han Chen Mehar Monga Qinghua Fang Louj.n Slitin j.kob Neef Shashank S.Chepurwar Regina Célia Mingroni Netto Karina Lezirovitz Alfredo Tabith,j.. Fritz Benseler Nils Brose Kathrin Kusch Carolin Wichmann Nicola Strenzke Barbara Vona julia Preobraschenski Tobias Moser Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Collaborative Research Center 889 University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Neuroscience and Synaptic Nanophysiology Group Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Göttingen Graduate Center for Neurosciences Biophysics and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Biochemistry of Membrane Dynamics Group Institute for Auditory NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Molecular Architecture of Synapses Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Systems Physiology Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-TroncoInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Laboratório de Otorrinolaringologia/LIM32 Faculdade de MedicinaHospital das ClínicasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSP 05508-220Brazil DerDIC Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Department of Molecular Neurobiology Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Multiscale Bioimaging Cluster of Excellence(MBExC) University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Functional Auditory Genomics Group Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics LaboratoryGerman Primate Center37077 GöttingenGermany Hearing Genomics Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Institute of Human Genetics University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany

Dear Editor,Afferent synapses of cochlear inner hair cells(IHCs)employ a unique molecular machinery(see extended background in Supplementary Materials).Otoferlin is a key player in this machinery and its defects cause human auditory synaptopathy(Moser and Starr,2016).Otoferlin,a tail-anchored(Vogl et al.,2016)multi-C_(2)-domain protein(Fig.1Ai)specific to hair cells(Roux et al.,2006),is a member of the ferlin protein family involved in membrane trafficking and repair that are of maj.r disease relevance(Pangršičet al.,2012),also see Supplementary *** is distributed broadly within IHCs(Fig.2Ai-Aiii;Pangrsic et al.,2010;Roux et al.,2006).

关键词： auditory hair

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Stability Analysis and Performance Evaluation of Additive Mixed-Precision Runge-Kutta Methods

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 705-738页

作者： Ben Burnett Sigal Gottlieb Zachary j.Grant Center for Scientific Computing and Data Science Research UMass DartmouthNorth DartmouthMassachusettsUSA CSME Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA

Additive Runge-Kutta methods designed for preserving highly accurate solutions in mixed-precision computation were previously proposed and *** specially designed methods use reduced precision for the implicit computations and full precision for the explicit *** this work,we analyze the stability properties of these methods and their sensitivity to the low-precision rounding errors,and demonstrate their performance in terms of accuracy and *** develop codes in FORTRAN and julia to solve nonlinear systems of ODEs and PDEs using the mixed-precision additive Runge-Kutta(MP-ARK)*** convergence,accuracy,and runtime of these methods are *** show that for a given level of accuracy,suitably chosen MP-ARK methods may provide significant reductions in runtime.

关键词： Mixed precision Runge-Kutta methods Additive methods Accuracy

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A user perspective on future cloud-based services for Big Earth data

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International j.urnal of Digital Earth 2021年第12期14卷 1758-1774页

作者： julia Wagemann Stephan Siemen Bernhard Seeger j.rg Bendix Laboratory of Climatology and Remote Sensing(LCRS) Faculty of GeographyUniversity of Marburg Forecast Department European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Marburg

Cloud-based services introduce a paradigm shift in how users access,process and analyse Big Earth data.A key challenge is to align the current state of how users access,process and analyse the data with trends and roadmaps large data organisations *** addition,due to the increased availability of open data,a more diverse user base wants to take advantage of Earth science data leading to new user *** run a web-based survey among Big Earth data users to better understand the motivation to migrate to cloud-based services as well as the challenges and opportunities that might *** show an overall interest in moving to cloud-based services but air an insufficient literacy in cloud systems and a lack of trust due to security concerns and opacity of emerging *** gaps demand efforts on three ***,cloud services shall be targeted at intermediate users instead of policy-and decision-makers and over-engineered systems with a high level of abstraction should be ***,more substantial capacity-building efforts are required to decrease the existing gap in cloud skills and ***,a cloud certification mechanism could help in building up overall trust in cloud-based services.

关键词： User requirements cloudbased services Big Earth data open data

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Superior growth performance in broiler chicks fed chelated compared to inorganic zinc in presence of elevated dietary copper

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j.urnal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第4期7卷 561-569页

作者： j.nmei Zhao Robert B. Shirley julia j. dib.er Karen j. Wedekind Frances Yan Paula Fisher Thomas R. Hampton j.seph L. Evans Mercedes Vazquez-Anon research and development novus international20 Research Park DriveSaint CharlesMO 63304USA current affiliation:poultry technical services adisseo usaAlpharettaGA 30022USA

Background： The goal of this study was to compare the antagonism of elevated dietary Cu （250 mg/kg） from CuS04 on three different Zn sources （ZnS04. H20; [Zn bis（-2-hydroxy-4-（methylthio）butanoic acid）], Zn（HMTBa）2 a chelated Zn methionine hydroxy analogue; and Zn-Methionine）, as measured using multiple indices of animal performance in ROSS 308 broilers. Methods： Three experiments were conducted in broiler chicks fed a semi-purified diet. All birds were fed a Zn-deficient diet （8.5 mg/kg diet） for 1 wk, and then provided with the experimental diets for 2 wks. Results： Experiment 1 was a 2 x 2 factorial design with two levels of Cu （8 vs. 250 mg/kg diet from CuSO4） and two Zn sources at 30 mg/kg [ZnSO4. H20 vs. Zn（HMTBa）2]. Elevated Cu impaired growth performance only in birds fed ZnSO4. Compared to ZnSO4. H20, Zn（HMTBa）2 improved feed intake （12 %; P 〈 0.001） and weight gain （12 %, P 〈 0.001） and the benefits were more pronounced in the presence of 250 mg/kg diet Cu. Experiment 2 was a dose titration of ZnSO4- H20 and Zn（HMTBa）2 at 30, 4,5, 60, and 75 mg/kg diet in the presence of 250 mg/kg CuSO4. Feed：gain was decreased and tibia Zn was increased with increasing Zn levels from 30 to 75 mg/kg. Birds fed Zn（HMTBa）2 consumed more food and gained more weight compared to birds fed ZnSO4, especially at lower supplementation levels （30 and 45 mg/kg; interaction P 〈 0,05）. Experiment 3 compared two organic Zn sources （Zn（HMTBa）2 vs. Zn-Methionine） at 30 mg/kg with or without 250 mg/kg CuSO4. No interactions were observed between Zn sources and Cu levels on performance or tissue mineral concentrations. High dietary Cu decreased weight gain （P 〈 0.01）. Tibia Cu and liver Cu were significantly increased with 250 mg/kg dietary Cu supplementation （P 〈 0.01）. No difference was observed between the two Zn sources. Conclusions： Dietary 250 mg/kg Cu significantly impaired feed intake and weight gain in birds fed ZnSO4. H20, but had less impact in birds fed Zn（HMTBa）2. No difference

关键词： Antagonism Broilers Chelates Growth MineraLs Organic Performance

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η-production on the proton via electromagnetic and hadronic probes

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1175-1182页

作者： B. Saghai j. Durand B. julia-Diaz 何军 T.-S. H. Lee T. Sato Institut de Recheche sur les lois Fondamentales de l’Univers DSM/Irfu CEA-Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France 2. Excited Baryon Analysis Center (EBAC) Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport News Virginia 22901 USA 3. Departament d'Estructura i Constituents de la Matèria and Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona E-08028 Barcelona Spain 4. Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Physics Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan

The reactions π-p→ηn and γp→ηp are investigated within a dynamical coupled-channels model of meson production reactions in the nucleon resonance region. The meson-baryon channels included are πN, ηN, π-, σN, and ρN. The direct η-photoproduction process is studied within a formalism based on a chiral constituent quark model approach, complemented with a one-gluon-exchange mechanism, to take into account the breakdown of the SU(6)O(3) symmetry. In the models search, the following known nucleon resonances are embodied: S11(1535), S11(1650), P11(1440), P11(1710), P13(1720), D13(1520), D13(1700), D15(1675), and F15(1680). Data for the π-p→ηn reaction from threshold up to a total center-of-mass energy of W ≈ 2 GeV are satisfactorily reproduced. For the photoproduction channel, two additional higher mass known resonances, P13(1900) and F15(2000), are also considered. However, reproducing the data for γp→ηp requires, within our approach, two new nucleon resonances, for which we extract mass and width.

关键词： multichannel scattering meson production baryon resonances

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