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Foreleg Bending in Blue Foxes (<i>Vulpes lagopus</i>) as Evaluated by Radiography

Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2015年第3期5卷 61-67页

作者： Hannu T. Korhonen Pekka Eskeli Hanna Huuki juhani sepponen Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Kannus Finland

The aim was to compare radiographic X-ray data to foreleg bending, moving difficulties and body size in juvenile blue foxes. Experimental groups were: 1) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1 (R 1);2) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1 (R 2);3) restricted feeding Ca:P ratio 2.0:1 control level (R 3);4) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1 (AL 1);5) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1 (AL 2);6) ad libitum feeding Ca:P ratio 2.0:1 control level (AL 3). Moving difficulties and foreleg bending were evaluated in live animals. At pelting, left foreleg was removed. X-ray pictures were taken from lateral views. Dimensions of ulna and radius were measured from the X-ray pictures. Conditions of carpal joint and elbow joint were visually evaluated. The results showed that final body weight was affected by feeding intensity (P = 0.001). Ad libitum fed animals had more moving difficulties compared to restricted ones (P = 0.001). The Ca:P ratio tended (P = 0.06) to have an effect on feet bending. Bending was greatest in low Ca:P ratio (1.5:1) and, correspondingly, least in high Ca:P ratio (2.9:1). Moving difficulties were most common in heaviest animals. The moving difficulties tended (P = 0.07) to be positively related to feet bending. Maximum width of ulna was lowest in low Ca:P ratio diet (1.5:1). Bending was negatively correlated with maximum width of ulna. It can be concluded that low Ca:P ratio in the diet (1.5:1) increases foreleg bending in juveniles. Moving difficulties are related to foreleg bending and high body weight.

关键词： Vulpes lagopus Foot Welfare Moving Difficulties Feet Bending Blue Fox

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Effects of Feeding Intensity and Ca:P Ratio on Foot Welfare in Blue Foxes (<i>Vulpes lagopus</i>)

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2014年第4期4卷 153-164页

作者： Hannu T. Korhonen Pekka Eskeli Teijo Lappi Hanna Huuki juhani sepponen MTT Agrifood Research Finland Animal Production Research Kannus Finland

The aim was to clarify effects of ad libitum and restricted feeding with Ca:P ratios on foot welfare in blue foxes. Experiment was started at weaning on August 6th and finished at pelting on November 26th, 2013. Treatments were: 1) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1;2) restricted feeding, Ca:P ratio 2.9:1;3) restricted feeding Ca:P ratio control level;4) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P ratio 1.5:1;5) ad libitum feeding, Ca:P-ratio 2.9:1;6) ad libitum feeding Ca:P ratio control level. Body growth variables, feed intake and welfare variables were measured. The behaviour was video recorded. Foreleg carpal joint angle as an indicator of leg weakness and the fox’s ability to move were evaluated. During weeks 32 - 35 and 37 - 47 animals from restricted groups ate 60% - 65% and 67% - 68% of the given feed, respectively. Body weight gain was faster in foxes fed ad libitum than with a restricted diet (P ad libitum groups compared to restricted ones. The body condition score was significantly (P ad libitum animals. Body length was greater for ad libitum than for restricted groups (P ad libitum and restricted groups

关键词： Farmed Fox Animal Welfare Feet Condition Feeding Level Animal Production

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