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Episodes 2008年第1期31卷 73-81页

作者： Barbara Wohlfarth Svante Bjoerck Svend Funder Michael Houmark-Nielsen Olafurlngolfsson juha-Pekka Lunkka Jan Mangerud Matti Saarnisto Tore Vorren Department of Geology and Geochemistry Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm Sweden. GeoBiosphere Science Centre Quaternary Sciences Soelvegatan 12 SE-223 62 Lund Sweden. Geological Museum University of Copenhagen Фster Voldgade 5-7 DK-1350 Copenhagen K Denmark. Institute of Geography and Geology University of Copenhagen Фstervoldgade 10 Dk-1350 KФbenhavn K Denmark. Department of Geology University of Iceland Askja ls-101 Reykjavfk Iceland. Institute of Geosciences P.O. Box 3000 FI-90014 University of Oulu Finland. Department of Earth Science and the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research University of Bergen Allegatan 41 N-5007 Bergen Norway. Finnish Academy of Science and Letters Mariankatu 5 FI-00170 Helsinki Finland. Department of Geology University of TromsФ Dramsveien 201 N-9037 TromsФ Norway.

The Nordic countries have experienced multiple glaciations and intervening interglacials during the last ca. 2.5-3 million years. Although evidence from Greenland and Iceland shows that ice sheets started to expand some time before 3 Ma, little is known about the glaciations and intervening interglacials older than the last Glacial Maximum due to repeated phases of glacial erosion and reworking. The extensive Saalian glaciation （c. 140 ka BP） contributed to high sea levels in Greenland and in the Baltic area during the early part of the last interglacial （Eemian）. Temperatures were about 5 ℃ higher during the Eemian than they are today and the Greenland ice sheet was reduced to about half of its present size, causing globally higher sea levels than we have today. Ice extent in Fennoscandia was restricted during early Weichselian stadials, but middle Weichselian ice advances in Scandinavia reached as far as Denmark. During the Last Glacial Maximum, large ice sheets were present in all Nordic countries and coalesced with neighboring ice sheets. Deglaciation commenced around 17-15 ka BP in most areas and was promoted by rapidly rising global sea level and glacial isostasy. The Younger Dryas cold event（c. 12.6-11.5 ka BP） is seen as a short-term re-advance, still-stand or fluctuation of land-based ice sheet margins. Around 7-9 ka BP ice sheets had disappeared or had attained their present size. While uplift is still going on in some regions, others are subject to submergence. The different stages of development of the Baltic Sea are an example of how the intricare interplay between glacial eustasy and isostasy influences sedimentation, basin size and drainage patterns.

关键词：冰川时代北欧地区第四纪间冰期

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Seamless integration of above-and undercanopy unmanned aerial vehicle laser scanning for forest investigation

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 124-138页

作者： Yunsheng Wang Antero Kukko Eric Hyyppä Teemu Hakala Jiri Pyörälä Matti Lehtomäki Aimad El Issaoui Xiaowei Yu Harri Kaartinen Xinlian Liang juha Hyyppä Department of Remote Sensing and Photogrammetry Finnish Geospatial Research Institute FGIThe National Land Survey of Finland02431 MasalaFinland Department of Forest Sciences University of HelsinkiFI-00014 HelsinkiFinland Department of Geography and Geology University of TurkuFI-20500 TurkuFinland

Background:Current automated forest investigation is facing a dilemma over how to achieve high tree-and plotlevel completeness while maintaining a high cost and labor *** study tackles the challenge by exploring a new concept that enables an efficient fusion of aerial and terrestrial perspectives for digitizing and characterizing individual trees in forests through an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)that flies above and under canopies in a single *** advantage of such concept is that the aerial perspective from the above-canopy UAV and the terrestrial perspective from the under-canopy UAV can be seamlessly integrated in one flight,thus grants the access to simultaneous high completeness,high efficiency,and low ***:In the experiment,an approximately 0.5 ha forest was covered in ca.10 min from takeoff to *** GNSS-IMU based positioning supports a geometric accuracy of the produced point cloud that is equivalent to that of the mobile mapping systems,which leads to a 2–4 cm RMSE of the diameter at the breast height estimates,and a 4–7 cm RMSE of the stem curve ***:Results of the experiment suggested that the integrated flight is capable of combining the high completeness of upper canopies from the above-canopy perspective and the high completeness of stems from the terrestrial ***,it is a solution to combine the advantages of the terrestrial static,the mobile,and the above-canopy UAV observations,which is a promising step forward to achieve a fully autonomous in situ forest *** studies should be aimed to further improve the platform positioning,and to automatize the UAV operation.

关键词： Forest In situ Inventory Above canopy Under canopy Unmanned aerial vehicle Laser scanning Point cloud Close range remote sensing

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Effect of the Molecular Structure of Polymer Dispersants on Limestone Suspension Properties in Fine Grinding

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2013年第7期7卷 606-612页

作者： Katja Ohenoja juha Saari Mirja Illikainen Jouko Niinimaeki Fibre and Particle Engineering Laboratory Department of Process and Environmental Engineering University of Oulu Oulu90014 Finland Kemira Oyj Luoteisrinne 2 Espoo 02271 Finland

Polymer dispersants are widely used as grinding aids to reduce the viscosity of mineral particle suspensions and to improve energy efficiency during fine grinding. The authors studied here the effects of polymer dispersants of different molecular structure on limestone suspension properties in wet stirred media milling. The polymers differed in their molecular weight and PDI （polydispersity index）. Two traditionally fractionated polymer dispersants having a high PDI （over 2） and one made by controlled radical polymerization having a low PDI （1.2） were tested. It was noticed that these dispersants worked as electrosteric stabilizers and prevented the agglomeration of ground limestone particles. Their addition allowed increased solids concentrations to be used in the grinding experiments and at the same time lowered the particle size and specific energy consumption. The particle sizes obtained were about 1 μm regardless of the dispersant or its dose. The dispersant with a low PDI reduced the viscosity more than did the high PDI dispersants. The results indicate that higher solids concentrations can be used at the same dispersant dose when a low PDI dispersant is used, leading to energy savings via increased throughput. Alternatively, a lower dose of low PDI polymer dispersant than of a high PDI polymer dispersant can be used at the same solids concentration.

关键词： Calcium carbonate CaCO3 stirred media mill polyacrylate molecular weight polydispersity index.

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Inkjet-Printed UHF RFID Tags on Renewable Materials

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Advances in Internet of Things 2012年第4期2卷 79-85页

作者： juha Virtanen Johanna Virkki Leena Ukkonen Lauri Sydanheimo Department of Electronics Rauma Research UnitTampere University of TechnologyTampereFinland

Radio frequency identification (RFID) provides great potential for different Internet of Things (IOT) applications. In the future, material choices in these IOT devices will have a huge effect on the environment and thus use of renewable materials is a growing trend. In this paper, passive ultra high frequency (UHF) RFID tags were inkjet-printed directly on wood, paper, and cardboard substrates, and their performance was evaluated by measuring two key properties: threshold power and theoretical read range. According to our measurements, the tags on wood showed read ranges of 7 - 8 meters, the tags on cardboard exhibited read ranges of 4 - 7 meters, and the tags printed on paper showed read ranges of 2 - 7 meters through the global UHF RFID band. According to these results, the performance of these inkjet-printed UHF RFID tags is sufficient for many IOT devices and potential applications e.g. in construction and packaging industry.

关键词： Inkjet-Printing Renewable Materials RFID UHF

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Safety and efficacy of the SeparGateTM balloon-guiding catheter in neurointerventional surgery:A prospective,multicenter,single-arm clinical trial

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Journal of Interventional Medicine 2022年第3期5卷 143-147页

作者： Huan Liu Rufeng Jia Yanyan He Tengfei Zhou Liangfu Zhu Yonghong Ding juha Antero Hernesniemi Tianxiao Li Yingkun He Department of Cerebrovascular Disease Zhengzhou University People's HospitalHenan University People's HospitalHenan Provincial People's HospitalHenan Provincial Neurointerventional Engineering Research CenterHenan International Joint Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Disease and Henan Engineering Research Center of CerebrovascularInterventionZhengzhou450003China Department of Radiology Mayo CliniRochesterMNUS “juha Hernesniemi”International Center for Neurosurgery Henan Provincial People s HospitalZhengzhouChina

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the SeparGateballoon-guiding catheter(BGC)for blocking flow and delivering devices in neurointerventional ***:This prospective multicenter single-arm trial enrolled patients who received BGC adjuvant therapy to provide temporary blood flow arrest of the supra-aortic arch arteries and their branch vessels in interventional *** primary endpoint was immediate procedural success rate in flow arrest,device delivery,and *** efficacy endpoints were intraoperative product performance,including rigidity,smoothness,fracture resistance of the catheter wall,catheter push performance,compatibility and radiopaque display,integrity,adhesion thrombus after withdrawal and balloon *** safety endpoints were adverse and serious adverse events associated with the test device and serious adverse events resulting in death or serious health ***:A total of 129 patients were included;of them,128 were analyzed in the full analysis set(FAS)and per protocol set(PPS).Immediate procedural success was achieved in 97.7%of patients with FAS and *** lower bound of the 95%confidence interval was 94.6%,higher than the preset efficacy margin of 94%.Device-related adverse events occurred in 2(1.6%)*** was mild adverse event of vasospasm,which resolved *** other was serious adverse event of dissection aggravation,which was treated with stenting *** device defects were ***:In neurointerventional surgery,the SeparGateBGC can be used to temporarily block the flow of the supra-aortic arch arteries and their branch vessels and guide the interventional device to the target vascular position.

关键词： SeparGateTM balloon guiding catheter Safety and efficacy Neurointerventional surgery

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卡尔曼滤波用于数值天气预报的统计释用

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气象科技 1993年第3期21卷 32-37页

作者： juha Kilpinen 谢庄黄嘉佑

1 前言近年来,数值天气预报模式经常发生根本性的改变,一个新模式一年之内会面临一或两次较大的修改。如果模式输出的统计特征也随之变化,则释用方程的基础将被破坏。这种状况给应用MOS方法进行统计释用带来很大麻烦。如果方程是用PP方... 详细信息

1 前言近年来,数值天气预报模式经常发生根本性的改变,一个新模式一年之内会面临一或两次较大的修改。如果模式输出的统计特征也随之变化,则释用方程的基础将被破坏。这种状况给应用MOS方法进行统计释用带来很大麻烦。如果方程是用PP方法(完全预报方法)推导而得的,模式变化引起的问题就较少。

关键词：天气预报数值预报卡尔曼滤波

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Evaluating health care financing in a highly decentralized Beveridge model

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Health 2012年第11期4卷 1046-1052页

作者： Jan Klavus Ilkka Vohlonen juha Kinnunen Veli Koistinen Martti Virtanen Audiapro Ltd. Helsinki Finland Department of Health and Social Management University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland Department of Health and Social Management University of Eastern Finland Kuopio Finland Nordic Casemix Centre Helsinki Finland

The Finnish health care system is financed in a highly decentralized manner. In the tax-financed Beveridge model each municipality is responseble for financing and organizing health care services for its residents. This paper examined the annual incidence and treatment costs of three cost-intensive DRG-groups, and all DRG-groups together. The objective was to estimate municipal level predictions on the incidence of new illness cases and their associated costs, and to analyze whether there was greater uncertainty in anticipated specialized health care costs in municipalities with smaller populations. The dataset comprised of longitudinal hospital utilization and discharge data from Hospital Discharge Registers. The expected annual variation of illness cases and costs was assessed with respect to 95% confidence intervals estimated for each morbidity group and municipality. The results indicated that the costs of the selected morbidity groups fluctuated in a completely uncontrollable manner in municipalities with small populations. As the median size of Finnish municipalities is less than 6000, the inability to anticipate periodic health care costs constitutes an extensive financial problem and calls for the establishment of larger regional units and funding pools.

关键词： Health Care Financing Beveridge Model Predictability of Treatment Costs Risk Pooling

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A GIS-Based Methodology to Estimate the Regional Balance of Potential and Demand of Forest Chips

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2016年第5期8卷 633-662页

作者： Mikko Nivala Perttu Anttila juha Laitila Olli Salminen Martti Flyktman University of Eastern Finland Joensuu Finland Natural Resources Institute of Finland Joensuu Finland VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd Jyv?skyl? Finland

Finland’s national aim for annual consumption of forest chips is 25 terawatt hours (TWh) (equivalent to 13.5 million solid cubic metres) in combined heat and power (CHP) production and heat production in 2020. On average, the techno-economic potential of forest chips enables reaching the target at the national level. However, there is a geographical mismatch between the supply and demand regions. In this study, the regional balance of potential and demand from 2012 until 2020 was assessed using GIS-based methods. Economical, technical and ecological constraints were taken into account when different scenarios for municipality-level potentials were calculated. The forest chips’ consumption scenarios for plant-level were determined statistically (2012) or predicted (2020) by assuming that the total consumption of forest chips will reach the 13.5 Mm3. With help of procurement model, the use of different forest energy fuel types (stumps, logging residues and small-sized thinning wood) was spread to the procurement ring with the help of GIS coding. The forest chips’ regional balance map was made by subtracting the use of heat and combined heat and power plants’ (CHP) forest chips’ consumption from the municipality level potential data. The GIS-based method for balance calculation requires a significant amount of computer power but works well for local, municipality, regional and national-level balance calculations. The study showed that there are enough forest chips to supply the current and future demand when all forest energy assortments are used efficiently and in a sustainable manner. However, the results indicate that already at the present rate of forest chip consumption, in some areas there will not be any extra potential left. When consumption increases, the zero-potential area, in particular on the coast, expands. The highest free potential can be found in eastern and northern areas of Finland while the western and southern areas lack free potential.

关键词： GIS-Based Methodology Forest Chips Potential Balance Bioenergy

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Master Slave Torque Control of Roll Press Unit

Master Slave Torque Control of Roll Press Unit

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第十一届IFTOMM世界大会

作者： juha-Matti Kivinen Pekka Salmenperā Michel Cotsaftis Tampere University of Technology Laboratory of Machine Dynamics P.O.Box 589 FIN-33101 Tampere Finland Tampere University of Technology Laboratory of Machine Dynamics P.O.Box 589 FIN-33101 Tampere Finland Ecole Centrale d’Electronique Laboratoire des Techniques Mécatroniques et Electroniques 53 rue de Grenelle 75007 Paris France Tel +33 1 44390602

＜正＞A set of rolls compressed together is a commonly used arrangement in paper finishing processes, for improving the surface properties of paper web going through the contact zones （nips） between the rolls. The nip contact is realised by using both hydraulic loading and electro-mechanical driving mechanisms. During the past two decades, the combination of AC-motors and inverters became the state of the art since accurate speed regulation is relatively easy to achieve. In nip unit system one of the rolls is a master, controlled by speed feedback and the other one is a slave, controlled by torque feedback. The fundamental task is to adjust the torque ratio of the two rolls so, that neither harmful transient nor harmonic oscillations could exist, in order to eliminate web brakes and mechanical failures. In this study an experimental nip unit is examined in order to obtain the most favourable driving conditions, to eliminate previously stated vibration phenomena. The diagnostic equipment comprises speed and torque measurements. Temperature is held constant and information is sent wireless to a PC where the control program is executed. Usual drive control is limited and should be amended beyond some preciseness threshold due to the nature of nip contact.

关键词： Machine dynamics Calenders Coaters Paper finishing Nip oscillations

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Broiler Tissue Enrichment with Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) through Dietary Supplementation with <i>Aurantiochytrium limacinum</i>Algae

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2018年第10期9卷 1160-1173页

作者： Colm A. Moran Jason D. Keegan Kirsi Vienola juha Apajalahti Alltech SARL Vire France Alltech’s European Bioscience Centre Dunboyne Ireland Alimetrics Ltd. Espoo Finland

The omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 FA) content of broiler tissues can be increased through dietary supplementation of hens with n-3 FA-rich microalgae. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different dietary inclusion levels of a docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich microalgae (AURA) on broiler performance and the enrichment of tissues with n-3 FA. The randomized study was conducted using 352 birds, housed in 32 pens with 11 birds per pen. Pens were randomly assigned to one of four treatments, with each treatment replicated 8 times. The treatments included one unsupplemented control (0%) and three wheat-soya based experimental diets supplemented with AURA at a level of 0.5%, 1.5% and 2.5% for the starter, grower and finisher periods. Birds were weighed on days 0, 10, 24, 35 and 41, and feed intake was recorded per pen. On day 41, five birds per treatment were euthanized and individually weighed. Thigh muscle, breast muscle, liver, kidney and skin samples were taken post-mortem, freeze dried and DHA content quantified, following fat extraction and methylation, by GC-FID (AOAC 996.06 method). Performance and tissue data were analyzed by ANOVA with Dunnett’s (2-sided) post-hoc test to determine the differences between the mean values for each treatment. Dietary supplementation with AURA had no effect on body weight or feed intake during any period of the study. For thigh muscle, kidney and skin the DHA increased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing level of dietary AURA, whilst there was a quadratic response in uptake of DHA in breast muscle and liver. The study demonstrated the potential of efficiently enriching broiler meat and organs with DHA by feeding AURA.

关键词： Algae Broilers Meat DHA Enrichment Omega 3

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