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Pathogenicity Assay and Molecular Identification of Fungi and Bacteria Associated with Diseases of Tomato in Malaysia

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第6期7卷 949-957页

作者： Tavga Sulaiman Rashid Kamaruzaman Sijam Hayman Kakakhan Awla Halimi Mohd Saud jugah kadir Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture University Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Salahaddin Erbil Iraq

This study was conducted in order to determine the fungi and bacteria associated with tomato plants at Cameron Highlands Malaysia. The fungi which have been isolated and detected from tomato plants were: Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. acuminatum, Rhizoctonia solani, Colletotrichum boninense, C. acutatum and Phoma destructiva. The bacteria which have been isolated and detected from tomato plants were: Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas vesicatoria, X. gardneri and Pseudomonas syringae. While the most pathogenic fungi were C. boninense, P. destructive and F. oxysporum with the disease incidence (89.6%, 86.6%, 85.6%) respectively, the most pathogenic bacteria were X. vesicatoria and R. solanacearum with the disease incidence (96.6% and 87.6%) respectively.

关键词： Lycopersicon esculentum Pathogen Isolation and Molecular Identification

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Bioactive Compounds Produced by Streptomyces sp. Isolate UPMRS4 and Antifungal Activity against Pyricularia oryzae

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第7期7卷 1077-1085页

作者： Hayman Kakakhan Awla jugah kadir Radziah Othman Tavga Sulaiman Rashid Mui-Yun Wong Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Land Management Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Institute of Tropical Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia

A Streptomyces isolate having antifungal activity against Pyricularia oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast disease, was isolated from soil collected in rice fields of Tanjung Karang Selangor, peninsula *** aim of the study was to determine the antifungal activity of Streptomyces sp. isolate UPMRS4 extracts against P. oryzae and to identify bioactive antifungal compounds produced by UPMRS4. Various solvents were used for extraction of antifungal compounds and well diffusion method was used to determine the antifungal activity of the extracts. The ethyl acetate extract demonstrated the highest activity against mycelial growth of P. oryzae, with an effective inhibitory concentration (EIC) of 1.562 μg/ml significantly higher compared to that of chloroform, diethyl ether, methanol, acetone, ethanol and water. Based on GC-MS and LC-MS/MSanalyses,compounds with antifungal activity were detected such as (Pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl);Pyrrolo[1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(phenylmethyl);ergotamine;amicomacin;fungichromin;rapamycin and N-Acetyl-D, L-phenylalanine. These compounds had good general antifungal activity and might have potential future agricultural applications.

关键词： GCMS LCMS/MS Antifungal Streptomyces sp. and Rice Blast

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Biological Control of <i>Pyricularia oryzae</i>Using Antifungal Compounds Produced by <i>Aspergillus niger</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 2445-2460页

作者： Ali Abdulameer Idan Kamaruzaman Sijam jugah kadir Tavga Sulaiman Rashid Hayman Kakakhan Awla Wael Alsultan Plant Protection Department Faculty of Agriculture Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Kufa Najaf Iraq Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Salahaddin Erbil Iraq Department of Plant Protection Khabat Institute Erbil Polytechnic University Erbil Iraq

Aspergillus spp. has been widely found as useful microorganism in biotechnology. They have a high ability in the production of secondary metabolites. Therefore, isolates of Aspergillus were isolated from healthy rice field located in Selangor State/Malaysia. The obtained strain (UPMZ01) was conducted against Pyricularia oryzea by applying dual culture and culture filtrate technique. The antagonism of strain UPMZ01 in the dual culture was 81.326% inhibition percentage against P. oryzae given the optimum inhibitory percentage 100% at all concentration of secondary metabolites aged 14 days. The isolate (UPMZ01) was identified as Aspergillus niger with accession number (KY698415). The environment factors such as pH and temperature influencing on production of secondary metabolites. The results were shown that pH at level 5.0 and temperature between 21℃?to 29℃?is the optimum condition for A. niger to produce efficient antifungal metabolites which given 100% PIGR against blast pathogen. The secondary metabolites compounds were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifteen compounds were recognized as major compounds which may have the possibility of possessing antifungal characteristics. Most of identified compounds are Oleic Acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Hexose, Glycerol, Stearic acid, Tetradecanoic acid, Dodecanoic acid and 5-Hydrxoymethylfurfural.

关键词： Blast Disease Aspergillus sp. Pyricularia oryzae Antifungal Compounds GC-MS

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