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Ferroelectricity Induced by Oxygen Vacancies in Rhombohedral ZrO_(2) Thin Films

Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 229-237页

作者： Veniero lenzi José P.B.Silva Břetislav Šmíd Vladimir Matoín Cosmin M.Istrate Corneliu Ghica judith l.macmanus.dris.oll luís Marques Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities(CF-UM-UP) University of MinhoCampus de Gualtar 4710-057Braga Portugal laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of Minho4710-057Braga Portugal Department of Surface and Plasma Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityV Holešovičkách 218000Prague 8 Czech Republic National Institute of Materials Physics 105 bis Atomistilor 077125Magurele Romania Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy 27 Charles Babbage Rd.Cambridge CB3 OFSUK

Rhombohedral phase Hf_(x)Zr_(1.x)O_(2)(HZO,x from 0 to 1)films are promising for achieving robust ferroelectric polarization without the need for an initial wake-up pre-cycling,as is normally the case for the more commonly studied orthorhombic ***,a large spontaneous polarization observed in rhombohedral films is not fully understood,and there are also large discrepancies between experimental and theoretical *** this work,in rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films,we show that oxygen vacancies are not only a key factor for stabilizing the phase,but they are also a source of ferroelectric polarization in the *** is shown experimentally through the investigation of the structural properties,chemical composition and the ferroelectric properties of the films before and after an annealing at moderate temperature(400℃)in an oxygen environment to reduce the V_(o)concentration *** experimental work is supported by density functional theory(DFT)calculations which show that the rhombohedral phase is the most stable one in highly oxygen defective ZrO_(2)*** DFT calculations also show that V_(o)contribute to the ferroelectric *** findings reveal the importance of V_(o)for stabilizing rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films with superior ferroelectric properties.

关键词： charged defects ferroelectric polarization rhombohedral phase stability zirconia

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High Yield Transfer of Clean large-Area Epitaxial Oxide Thin Films

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Nano-Micro letters 2021年第2期13卷 363-376页

作者： Bowen Zhang Chao Yun judith l.macmanus.dris.oll Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB30FSUK

In this work,we have developed a new method for manipulating and transferring up to 5 mm×10 mm epitaxial oxide thin *** method involves fixing a PET frame onto a PMMA attachment film,enabling transfer of epitaxial films lifted-off by wet chemical etching of a Sr3Al2O6 sacrificial *** crystallinity,surface morphology,continuity,and purity of the films are all preserved in the transfer *** demonstrate the applicability of our method for three different film compositions and structures of thickness~100 ***,we show that by using epitaxial nanocomposite films,lift-off yield is improved by~50% compared to plain epitaxial films and we ascribe this effect to the higher fracture toughness of the *** work shows important steps towards large-scale perovskite thin-film-based electronic device applications.

关键词： Free-standing oxide thin films High yield transfer Wet etching Crack prevention

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Vertically aligned nanocomposite films by self-assembled epitaxial nucleation for super-broadband transparent conductors

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InfoMat 2023年第4期5卷 14-24页

作者： Youngkyoung Ha judith l.macmanus.dris.oll Shinbuhm lee Department of Physics and Chemistry DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Emerging Materials Science DGISTDaeguRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

Designing super-broadband transparent conductors is challenging because of the exclusive nature of conductivity and infrared ***,using a one-step process,we created vertically aligned nanocomposite conducting films with high transparency across a super-broad wavelength *** aligned transparent Ba_(3)V_(2)O_(8)nanocolumns with lateral-100-nm widths enable high transmittance(>50%,even at a 4-μm wavelength)for all incident light and outperform that of Sn-doped In_(2)O_(3),while the conducting SrVO_(3)matrix retains low resistivity(lectron microscopy,scattering scanning nearfield infrared microscopy,and X-ray diffraction revealed that spontaneous phase separation of Ba_(3)V_(2)O_(8)nanocolumns in a SrVO_(3)matrix film occurs via self-assembled epitaxial *** vertically aligned nanocomposite films provide a fertile platform for next-generation optoelectronics.

关键词： epitaxial nucleation spontaneous phase separation SrVO_(3)-Ba_(3)V_(2)O_(8) super-broadband transparent conductors vertically aligned nanocomposite films

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Interplay of polarization,strength,and loss in dielectric films for capacitive energy storage:Current status and future directions

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Journal of Materiomics 2023年第3期9卷 516-519页

作者： Hao Pan Yizhe Jiang judith l.macmanus.dris.oll Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridgeCB30FSUnited Kingdom

Energy-storage dielectric capacitors have emerged as one of the key technologies for high-power systems such as green energy generation,hybrid/electrical vehicles,pulsed power devices,etc.[1]The high-power feature of dielectric capacitors originates from the fast electrostatic *** is in contrast with the slower electrochemical processes in batteries and supercapacitors.

关键词： Dielectric film Energy storage Polarization Strength loss

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Child and adolescent development for educators judith l. Meece. 2nd ed.

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2002年

作者： judith l. Meece.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Nickel oxide thin films grown by chemical deposition techniques: Potential and challenges in next-generation rigid and flexible device applications

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InfoMat 2021年第5期3卷 536-576页

作者： Mari Napari Tahmida N.Huq Robert l.Z.Hoye judith l.macmanus.dris.oll Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Centre for Electronics Frontiers Zepler Institute for Photonics and NanoelectronicsUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Department of Materials Imperial College LondonLondonUK

Nickel oxide(NiOx),a p-type oxide semiconductor,has gained significant attention due to its versatile and tunable *** has become one of the critical materials in wide range of electronics applications,including resistive switching random access memory devices and highly sensitive and selective sensor *** addition,the wide band gap and high work function,coupled with the low electron affinity,have made NiOx widely used in emerging optoelectronics and p-n *** properties of NiOx thin films depend strongly on the deposition method and *** implementation of NiOx in next-generation devices will require controllable growth and processing methods that can tailor the morphological and electronic properties of the material,but which are also compatible with flexible *** this review,we link together the fundamental properties of NiOx with the chemical processing methods that have been developed to grow the material as thin films,and with its application in electronic *** focus solely on thin films,rather than NiOx incorporated with one-dimensional or two-dimensional *** review starts by discussing how the p-type nature of NiOx arises and how its stoichiometry affects its electronic and magnetic *** discuss the chemical deposition techniques for growing NiOx thin films,including chemical vapor deposition,atomic layer deposition,and a selection of solution processing approaches,and present examples of recent progress made in the implementation of NiOx thin films in devices,both on rigid and flexible ***,we discuss the remaining challenges and limitations in the deposition of device-quality NiOx thin films with chemical growth methods.

关键词： atomic layer deposition chemical vapor deposition electronics nickel oxide solution processing thin films

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large ferro-pyro-phototronic effect in 0.5Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_(3)-0.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))TiO_(3)thin films integrated on silicon for photodetection

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Carbon Energy 2023年第6期5卷 1-10页

作者： JoséP.B.Silva Katarzyna Gwozdz luís S.Marques Mario Pereira Maria J.M.Gomes judith l.macmanus.dris.oll Robert l.Z.Hoye Centre of Physics of Universities of Minho and Porto(CF‐UM‐UP) University of MinhoBragaPortugal laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of MinhoBragaPortugal Department of Quantum Technologies Faculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclawPoland Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy CambridgeUK Inorganic Chemistry laboratory Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Department of Materials Imperial College LondonLondonUK

Coupling together the ferroelectric,pyroelectric,and photovoltaic characteristics within a single material is a novel way to improve the performance of *** this work,we take advantage of the triple multifunctionality shown by 0.5Ba(Zr_(0.2)Ti_(0.8))O_(3)-0.5(Ba_(0.7)Ca_(0.3))TiO_(3)(BCZT),as demonstrated in an Al/Si/SiOx/BCZT/ITO thin-film *** Si/SiOx acts as an n-type layer to form a metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor heterostructure with the BCZT,and with Al and ITO as *** photo-response of the device,with excitation from a violet laser(405 nm wavelength),is carefully investigated,and it is shown that the photodetector performance is invariant with the chopper frequency owing to the pyro-phototronic effect,which corresponds to the coupling together of the pyroelectric and photovoltaic ***,the photodetector performance was significantly better than that of the devices operating based only on the pyro-phototronic effect by a factor of 4,due to the presence of ferroelectricity in the ***,after a poling voltage of−15 V,for a laser power density of 230mW/cm^(2)and at a chopper frequency of 400Hz,optimized responsivity,detectivity,and sensitivity values of 13.1mA/W,1.7×10^(10)Jones,and 26.9,respectively,are ***,ultrafast rise and fall times of 2.4 and 1.5μs,respectively,are obtained,which are 35,000 and 36,000 times faster rise and fall responses,respectively,than previous reports of devices with the ferro-pyro-phototronic *** is understood based on the much faster ferroelectric switching in ferroelectric thin films owing to the predominant 180°domains in a single direction out of plane.

关键词： ferroelectric ferro-pyro-phototronic effect photodetector polarization-controlled response

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Dietary Diversity and Food Security Status among Cameroonian Adults living in Semi-Urban Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 548-564页

作者： Tonou Boris Ronald Tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Eliane Flore Eyenga Kemadjou Ruth Edwige Dibacto Ngassa Dany Joël Ngoumen Fotso Janvier Aime Youovop Nguemto Roussel Guy Takuissu judith laure Ngondi Julius Enyong Oben Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaound Cameroon Center of Nutrition and Functional Foods Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: Food security is one of the greatest challenges that most African countries face. It is a concept that considers not only food quantity but also food quality. The objective of this study was to describe dietary diversity and food security status at the individual level in Cameroonian populations. Methods: A total of 1180 men and women aged 20 and over and living in the West, North West, and littoral regions of Cameroon were recruited. Data on dietary habits were collected through the frequency of consumption of various food groups. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. Food security status was determined by combining two indicators (food consumption score and individual food diversity score). Results: The mean dietary diversity score of the population was 3.53 ± 1.44, p Conclusion: The diet diversity of adults living in the West, North West, and littoral regions of Cameroon is medium. Although half of the study population was food secure, there is a need to implement food security policies further to reduce food insecurity among the Cameroonian population.

关键词： Dietary Diversity Individual Food Security littoral West North West Cameroon

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Disparities in Prevalence and Determinants of Hypertension amongst Bamiléké Adults Residing in Two Different Agroecological Zones of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第3期14卷 419-443页

作者： Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo Nanhah Kamga Jules Vidal Alice louise Woguia Pauline Vervaine Hagbe David Goda Dany Joël Ngassa Ngoumen Hippolyte Tene Mouafo Boris Gabin Kingue Azantsa judith laure Ngondi Julius Enyong Oben Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon laboratory of Epidemiology and Nutritional Status Centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaounde Cameroon Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Health Sciences School of Clinical Medicines University of Fee State Bloemfontein South Africa laboratory Development of Food Technology Centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension (HTN) are one of the main causes of death in Cameroon. This study aimed at assessing prevalence disparities and determinants of hypertension amongst Bamiléké adults residing in two different agroecological zones of Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive survey was conducted among Bamiléké population living in the Highlands zone (Western region) and in the Monomodal Rainforest zone (littoral region) of Cameroon from August 2016 to August 2017. Participants (962) were aged at least 20 years old. Data on sociodemographic, hemodynamic, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters and lifestyle of the participants were collected. Results: Results obtained revealed that 34.2% were hypertensive and those residing in the highland zone were more affected than those living in the monomodal rainforest zone (44.5% vs 22.9%). The different subtypes of HTN (Isolated systolic hypertension (14.1%), isolated diastolic hypertension (7.2%) and Systo-diastolic hypertension (23.3%)) were also more prevalent in the Highlands Zone. The most prevalent stage of HTN was pre-HTN (31.5%). However, people living in the monomodal rainforest zone were more affected by pre-HTN compared to Bamiléké living in the highland zone (33.6% vs. 29.6%). Results also showed that high consumption (≥ 3 times/week) of carbohydrate- and fat-rich foods, ageing, obesity, and marital status were associated with high blood pressure in both agroecological zones. Besides, secondary education (OR = 0.68;95% CI: 0.42 - 0.99) in the Highlands Zone and high (≥3 times/week) vegetable consumption (OR = 0.66;95% CI: 0.44 - 0.98) in the Monomodal Rainforest Zone had a protective effect on elevated blood pressure of population. Conclusion: There is a disparity in the prevalence of hypertension and some of its determinants among Bamiléké adults residing in different agroecological zones. This work highlights the need to advocate for local and ethno-cultural he

关键词： Hypertension Disparities Determinants Bamiléké Ethnic Group Agroecological Zone

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large Conventional Osteosarcoma of the Proximal Humerus in a 13-Year-Old Child: Case Report

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 297-304页

作者： lucienne Irène Patricia Ondima Rhodia Hélène Bosseba Missengue Cardinale Princilia Okiemy Niendet Nuptia Erica Akobande Jean Claude Mieret Caryne Mboutol-Mandavo Redy Atipo Galloye judith Nsondé Malanda Jennifer Mave Sirimé Ngandzo Fabien Mouamba Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Paediatric Surgery Department Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo Department of General Surgery Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo Carcinology Department Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo Anatomo-Pathology laboratory Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children. It is highly aggressive and has a poor prognosis. A late presentation modifies and makes difficult the management affecting the survival of children. We report the case of a large conventional osteosarcoma in a 13-year-old girl. Case Presentation: Adolescent girl admitted for painful swelling of the left shoulder with absolute functional impotence of the thoracic limb and severe anemia. The painful swelling was thought to have been caused by a minor trauma that had occurred six months previously. The patient’s general condition was poor, and she presented with a large, shiny, painful mass over the shoulder and upper 2/3 of the left arm, measuring 28 cm long by 28 cm wide and 57 cm in circumference, and a large fistulous axillary adenopathy. CT scan showed a tumour lesion of the left humerus with liver and lung metastases, raising suspicion of osteogenic osteosarcoma. The tumor was classified according to TNM staging: T2N1M1(a + b). Management was modified when uncontrolled bleeding developed. It consisted of an extended amputation of the left thoracic limb. Pathological analysis showed a high-grade conventional osteosarcoma. Quality improvement was obtained for thirty days, followed by the onset of dyspnea. The evolution was towards death at forty days post-operatively. Conclusion: Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive cancer. Delayed treatment leads to a fatal outcome. Early diagnosis is one of the challenges to be met in order to improve survival.

关键词： Osteosarcoma Child Conventional Case Report

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