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Disinfection byproducts in chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas: Role of brominated DBPs and association with mutagenicity

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 253-263页

作者： Hannah K.Liberatore eric J.Daiber Sridevi A.Ravuri judith e.schmid Susan D.Richardson David M.DeMarini Air Methods and Characterization Division Center for Environmental Measurement and ModelingU.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA Student Services Authority U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyNational Exposure Research LaboratoryAthensGA 30605USA National Health and environmental effects Research Laboratory U.S.Environmental Protection AgencyResearch Triangle ParkNC 27711USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA

Although the health benefits of swimming are well-documented, health effects such as asthma and bladder cancer are linked to disinfection by-products(DBPs) in pool water. DBPs are formed from the reaction of disinfectants such as chlorine(Cl) or bromine(Br) with organics in the water. Our previous study(Daiber et al., environ. Sci. Technol. 50, 6652;2016) found correlations between the concentrations of classes of DBPs and the mutagenic potencies of waters from chlorinated or brominated swimming pools and spas. We extended this study by identifying significantly different concentrations of 21 individual DBPs in brominated or chlorinated pool and spa waters as well as identifying which DBPs and additional DBP classes were most associated with the mutagenicity of these waters. Using data from our previous study, we found that among 21 DBPs analyzed in 21 pool and spa waters, the concentration of bromoacetic acid was significantly higher in Brwaters versus Cl-waters, whereas the concentration of trichloroacetic acid was significantly higher in Cl-waters. Five Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromochloroacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, bromoacetic acid, and tribromoacetic acid) had significantly higher concentrations in Br-spa versus Cl-spa waters. Cl-pools had significantly higher concentrations of ClDBPs(trichloroacetaldehyde, trichloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, and chloroacetic acid), whereas Br-pools had significantly higher concentrations of Br-DBPs(tribromomethane, dibromoacetic acid, dibromoacetonitrile, and tribromoacetic acid). The concentrations of the sum of all 4 trihalomethanes, all 11 Br-DBPs, and all 5 nitrogen-containing DBPs were each significantly higher in brominated than in chlorinated pools and spas. The 8 Br-DBPs were the only DBPs whose individual concentrations were significantly correlated with the mutagenic potencies of the pool and spa waters. These results, along with those from our earlier study, highlight the importance of Br-DBPs in the muta

关键词： Swimming pools Hot tubs Mutagenicity Disinfection byproducts Spas

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Dendritic spine degeneration:a primary mechanism in the aging process

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1696-1698页

作者： Gonzalo Flores Leonardo Aguilar-Hernández Fernado García-Dolores Humberto Nicolini Andrea judith Vázquez-Hernández Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán Instituto de Fisiología Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla(BUAP)PueblaMexico Instituto de Ciencias Forenses(INCIFO) Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Ciudad de México(TSJCDMX).Mexico CityMexico Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica(INMeGeN) Mexico CityMexico

Recent reports suggest that aging is not solely a physiological process in living beings;instead, it should be considered a pathological process or disease(Amorim et al., 2022). Consequently, this process involves a wide range of factors, spanning from genetic to environmental factors, and even includes the gut microbiome(GM)(Mayer et al., 2022). All these processes coincide at some point in the inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, at different degrees in various organs and systems that constitute a living organism(Mayer et al., 2022;AguilarHernández et al., 2023).

关键词： aging process stress

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Distributed Document Clustering Analysis Based on a Hybrid Method

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China Communications 2017年第2期14卷 131-142页

作者： J.e.judith J.Jayakumari Noorul Islam Centre for Higher education KumaracoilIndia

Clustering is one of the recently challenging tasks since there is an *** amount of data in scientific research and commercial applications. High quality and fast document clustering algorithms are in great demand to deal with large volume of data. The computational requirements for bringing such growing amount data to a central site for clustering are complex. The proposed algorithm uses optimal centroids for *** clustering based on Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO).PSO is used to take advantage of its global search ability to provide optimal centroids which aids in generating more compact clusters with improved accuracy. This proposed methodology utilizes Hadoop and Map Reduce framework which provides distributed storage and analysis to support data intensive distributed applications. experiments were performed on Reuter's and RCV1 document dataset which shows an improvement in accuracy with reduced execution time.

关键词： distributed document clustering hadoop k-means PSO mapreduce

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Invasion and predation in aquatic ecosystems

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Current Zoology 2011年第5期57卷 613-624页

作者： judith S. WeIS Department of Biological Sciences Rutgers University Newark NJ 07102 USA

This article reviews biological invasions in which predation （or its absence） plays a major role in the success of the invader. examples are described in which the invader out-competes native species for the same food, and cases in which the in-vader consumes valued native species. In many instances, better predator avoidance by the invasive species or the absence of predators in the new habitat contributes to the success of the invaders; in other cases native or introduced predators appear to be able to keep the invasive species in check. A relatively new management approach in the US is the idea of adding another trophic level - to have humans act as the predators and consume the invasive species. This approach is being utilized in Florida and throughout the Caribbean against the lionfish, but could be extended to other fishes, as well as to various invasive crustaceans and mollusks. This idea is controversial, and current regulations prohibiting the possession of individuals of the invasive species （e.g., mitten crabs or snakefish） would preclude the development of a fishery for them [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 613~524, 2011].

关键词： Predator Prey Trophic interactions Feeding Food web

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Commentary on 'Quantifying conditions for climate control on coals and evaporites' by Bao et al.

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National Science Review 2023年第6期10卷 151-152页

作者： judith Totman Parrish Department of earth and Spatial Sciences University of Idaho

Research on deep-time paleoclimate involves three complex lines of inquiry:reconstructing the geography of the earth,climate modeling,and understanding just what paleoclimate proxies are *** plate tectonics became widely accepted,most of the effort went into reconstructing the geography of the *** studies that incorporated climate proxies into the research,for example,Briden and Irving [1] did so without critiquing very deeply what those proxies might mean,which was entirely appropriate given the state of the science at that *** with the assumption that we knew,at least in general,the significance of climate proxies were additional assumptions,which remained to be tested,about climate patterns and how they changed with the changing geography.

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Natural regeneration responses to thinning and burning treatments in ponderosa pine forests and implications for restoration

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 741-753页

作者： Tzeidle N.Wasserman Amy e.M.Waltz John Paul Roccaforte judith D.Springer Joseph e.Crouse ecological Restoration Institute Northern Arizona UniversityP.O.Box 15017FlagstaffAZ86011-5017USA

Understanding naturally occurring pine regeneration dynamics in response to thinning and burning treatments is necessary not only to measure the longevity of the restoration or fuels treatment,but also to assess how well regeneration meets forest sustainability guidelines and whether natural regeneration is sufficient for maintaining a sustainable forest structure and composition.A synthesis review was carried out on the effects of mechanical thinning and prescribed burn treatments on natural pine regeneration response in frequent-fire ponderosa pine forests across the western United *** focus was on site-specific variability in pine regeneration dynamics,temporal trends in regeneration presence and abundance,and response to treatment as described in the current literature using 29 studies that met our evidence-based review *** showed that the effects of thinning and burning treatments on regeneration depended on time since *** thinning,prescribed burning,and thinning plus burn treatments all increased seedling density,but there was high variability among sites and *** were mixed results in the short-term(ears)with both increasing and decreasing regeneration,and a general increase in regeneration 11−20 years *** long-term studies(>20 years)concluded that stands can return to pre-treatment densities in terms of total trees per hectare and forest floor duff levels when there are no maintenance treatments *** studies showed the average ponderosa pine seedling presence,survival and growth found in today’s forests to be at a high density;this combined with missed fire cycles could contribute to future fire risk and reduce the efficacy of maintaining fuel reduction goals.

关键词： Regeneration Ponderosa pine Frequent-fire Treatments Thinning Burning

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Single 5-nm quantum dot detection via microtoroid optical resonator photothermal microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第10期13卷 2145-2155页

作者： Shuang Hao Sartanee Suebka judith Su Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Wyant College of Optical Sciences and Department of Biomedical engineering University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

Label-free detection techniques for single particles and molecules play an important role in basic science,disease diagnostics,and nanomaterial *** fluorescence-based methods are tools for single molecule detection and imaging,they are limited by available molecular probes and photoblinking and *** microscopy has emerged as a label-free imaging technique capable of detecting individual nanoabsorbers with high *** gallery mode(WGM)microresonators can confine light in a small volume for enhanced light-matter interaction and thus are a promising ultra-sensitive photothermal microscopy ***,microtoroid optical resonators were combined with photothermal microscopy to detect 250 nm iong gold nanorods and 100 nm long ***,we combine microtoroids with photothermal microscopy to spatially detect single 5 nm diameter quantum dots(QDs)with a signal-to-noise ratio exceeding 10*.Photothermal images were generated by point-by-point scanning of the pump *** particle detection was confrmed for 18 nm QDs by high sensitivity fluorescence imaging and for 5 nm QDs via comparison with *** system demonstrates the capability to detect a minimum heat dissipation of o.75 *** achieve this,we integrated our microtoroid based photothermal microscopy setup with a low amplitude modulated pump laser and utilized the proportional-integral-derivative controller output as the photothermal signal source to reduce noise and enhance signal *** heat dissipation of these QDs is below that from single dye *** anticipate that our work will have application in a wide variety of fields,including the biological sciences,nanotechnology,materials science,chemistry and medicine.

关键词： pump resonator quantum

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Ultra-high-Q free-space coupling to microtoroid resonators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 682-695页

作者： Sartanee Suebka euan McLeod judith Su Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA Department of Biomedical engineering University of ArizonaTucsonAZUSA

Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microtoroid resonators are one of the most sensitive biochemical sensors in existence,capable of detecting single *** main barrier for translating these devices out of the laboratory is that light is evanescently coupled into these devices though a tapered optical *** hinders translation of these devices as the taper is fragile,suffers from mechanical vibration,and requires precise ***,we eliminate the need for an optical fiber by coupling light into and out from a toroid via free-space coupling and monitoring the scattered resonant light.A single long working distance objective lens combined with a digital micromirror device(DMD)was used for light injection,scattered light collection,and *** obtain Q-factors as high as 1:6´108 with this *** induced transparency(eIT)-like and Fano resonances were observed in a single cavity due to indirect coupling in free *** enables improved sensing *** large effective coupling area(~10μm in diameter for numerical aperture=0.14)removes the need for precise *** performance was verified by combining the system with the frequency locked whispering evanescent resonator(FLOWeR)approach to perform temperature sensing experiments.A thermal nonlinear optical effect was examined by tracking the resonance through FLOWeR while adjusting the input *** believe that this work will be a foundation for expanding the implementation of WGM microtoroid resonators to real-world applications.

关键词： coupling scattered precise

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Portable and sensitive air pollution monitoring

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 987-988页

作者： judith Su Department of Biomedical engineering and College of Optical Sciences University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA

A compact optical nanofiber sensor enables detection of 100 nm particles in the *** device improves our ability to track air quality with high spatiotemporal *** pollution has enormous health and economic costs,causing an estimated 7 million deaths per year1 and costing US$225 billion globally in 2013 according to the most recent data from the World Health Organization(WHO)and World Bank,*** this impact,air pollution levels continue to increase,with 92%of the world’s population living in environments in which WHO air quality guidelines are not met3.

关键词： pollution globally enable

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Short-chain fatty acids in the context of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2015-2016页

作者： judith Metzdorf Lars Tonges Department of Neurology St.Josef-HospitalRuhr-University BochumBochumGermany

Research on neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson´s disease(PD),Huntington’s disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is becoming increasingly important in our *** to the ageing of the population,the prevalence of these diseases continue to rise worldwide,and causal cures are not yet available(erkkinen et al.,2018).This Perspective focusses on PD,a movement disorder of the central nervous system with an estimated prevalence between 65 and 1250/100,000 in europe,affecting about 1 percent of the population older than 60 *** clinical symptoms include motor symptoms like bradykinesia,tremor or rigidity which are associated with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and their innervating axonal fibers to the *** non-motor symptoms may consist in depression,hyposmia,cognitive decline or constipation due to impaired motility of the gastrointestinal tract.

关键词： Huntington impaired diseases

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