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Turning in mid-air allows aphids that flee the plant to avoid reaching the risky ground

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 409-420页

作者： Yonatan MERESMAN Matan ben-ari Moshe INBAR Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of HaifaHaifaIsrael Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael

When forced to drop from the plant,flightless arboreal insects can avoid reaching the risky ground by maneuvering their body through the *** wingless pea aphids(Acyrthosiphon pisum)are threatened by natural enemies,they often drop off their host plant while assuming a stereotypic posture that rotates them in mid-air,aligning them with their feet pointing *** position may increase their chances of re-clinging onto lower plant parts and avoid facing the dangers on the ground,although its effectiveness in realistic field conditions has not been *** performed both laboratory and outdoor experiments,in which we dropped aphids upon host plants to quantify clinging success in plants with different characteristics such as height and leaf *** aphids had twofold higher clinging rates than dead ones,indicating that clinging success is indeed affected by the active aerial-righting of dropping *** ability to cling was positively dependent on the plants’foliage cover as viewed in vertical direction from ***,we released aphids in commercial alfalfa(Medicago sativa)fields with varying plant heights and foliage cover and induced them to ***(up to 75%)of the aphids avoided reaching the ground in taller plants(65 cm),and 17%in shorter plants(21 cm),demonstrating the efficiency of the aphids’response in averting risks:both those of an approaching enemy on the plant and the plethora of new risks on the ***,even in complex field environment,the aerial-righting mechanism can substantially reduce the possible risks following escape from a predator.

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum aerial righting dropping response escape behavior predator avoidance

Measuring Natural Hazard-Related Disasters through Self-Reports

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第4期12卷 540-552页

作者： ben Edwards Matthew Gray judith B.Borja Centre for Social Research and Methods Australian National UniversityCanberra2601Australia University of San Carlos–Office of Population Studies Foundation Inc.(USC-OPS)6000Cebu CityPhilippines

Exposure to multiple natural hazard-related disasters will become more common due to climate *** article reports on the development and validation of a cumulative measure of exposure to natural hazard-related disasters(2013–2017)at the area level,and an individual-level measure of disaster impact using data from the Longitudinal Cohort Study on the Filipino Child and linked data from the International Disaster Database(EM-DAT).Caregiver reports of cumulative exposure to disasters had statistically significant associations with disasters reported by neighborhood officials and with disasters in *** ecometric techniques we generated a reliable community average measure of exposure to natural hazard-related *** on neighbor but not individual self-reports this exogenous measure of disaster exposure in the local area was more strongly related to EM-DAT and official neighborhood reports than individual *** capture household variation we developed an individual-level measure of disaster *** impact was associated with measures of exposure(individual and community average),community ratings by officials,and EM-DAT but only moderately associated with the community average *** the community average and disaster impacts measures were associated with household income and the adequacy of income in households.

关键词： Disaster exposure Measuring disasters Philippines Socioeconomic impacts Social surveys Subjective indicators

Effects of alkaline-electrolyzed and hydrogen-rich water,in a high-fat-diet nonalcoholic fatty liver disease mouse model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第45期24卷 5095-5108页

作者： Karen Jackson Noa Dressler Rotem S ben-Shushan ari Meerson Tyler W LeBaron Snait Tamir Laboratory of Human Health and Nutrition Sciences MIGAL-Galilee Research InstituteKyriat Shmona 11016Israel Tel Hai College Upper Galilee 12110Israel Center of Experimental Medicine Institute for Heart ResearchSlovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84005Slovakia Molecular Hydrogen Institute UT 48101United States

AIM To identify the effect of hydrogen-rich water(HRW) and electrolyzed-alkaline water(EAW) on high-fat-induced non-alcoholic fatty acid disease in *** Mice were divided into four groups:(1) Regular diet(RD)/regular water(RW);(2) high-fat diet(HFD)/RW;(3) RD/EAW; and(4) HFD/EAW. Weight and body composition were measured. After twelve weeks, animals were sacrificed, and livers were processed for histology and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. A similar experiment was performed using HRW to determine the influence and importance of molecular hydrogen(H2) in EAW. Finally, we compared the response of hepatocytes isolated from mice drinking HRW or RW to palmitate *** EAW had several properties important to the study:(1) pH = 11;(2) oxidation-reduction potential of-495 mV; and(3) H2 = 0.2 mg/L. However, in contrast to other studies, there were no differences between the groups drinking EAW or RW in either the RD or HFD groups. We hypothesized that the null result was due to low H2 concentrations. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of RW and low and high HRW concentrations(L-HRW = 0.3 mg H2/L and H-HRW = 0.8 mg H2/L, respectively) in mice fed an HFD. Compared to RW and L-HRW, H-HRW resulted in a lower increase in fat mass(46% vs 61%), an increase in lean body mass(42% vs 28%), and a decrease in hepatic lipid accumulation(P arison to mice drinking regular *** H2 is the therapeutic agent in electrolyzed-alkaline water and attenuates HFD-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

关键词： Hydrogen-rich-water Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Alkaline water Metabolic syndrome Molecular hydrogen High-fat diet

Late onset fulminant Wilson's disease:A case report and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17656-17660页

作者： Ella Weitzman Orit Pappo Peretz Weiss Moshe Frydman Yael Haviv-Yadid Ziv ben ari Liver Disease Center Sheba Medical CenterRamat Gan 52621Israel Department of Pathology Sheba Medical CenterRamat Gan 52621Israel Institute of Genetics Sheba Medical CenterRamat Gan 52621Israel Intensive Care Unit Sheba Medical CenterRamat GanTel Aviv UniversityRamat Gan 52621Israel Sackler School of Medicine Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69975Israel

Wilson’s disease(WD)is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder of hepatic copper *** can be present in different clinical conditions,with the most common ones being liver disease and neuropsychiatric *** cases present symptoms at<40years of ***,few reports exist in the literature on patients in whom the disease presented beyond this *** this report,we present a case of late onset fulminant WD in a 58-year-old patient in whom the diagnosis was established clinically,by genetic analysis of the ATP7B gene disclosing rare mutations(G1099S and c.1707+3ins T)as well as by high hepatic copper *** also reviewed the relevant *** diagnosis of WD with late onset presentation is easily *** diagnostic features and the geneticbackground in patients with late onset WD are not different from those in patients with early onset WD,except for the *** treatments for this disorder that can be fatal are available and will prevent or reverse many manifestations if the disease is discovered early.

关键词： Wilson's disease Late onset Fulminant ATP7B gene mutations Copper

Trends in Breeding New Olive Varieties in Israel for Quality and Economic Management

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第8期5卷 701-709页

作者： Shimon Lavee benyamin Avidan Giora ben-ari Institute of Horticulture Volcani Center ARO Bet-Dagan Israel

The domesticated olives originated based on decades of selection from the natural forest around the Mediterranean basin being one of the oldest cultivated tree crops. The requirement for new olive varieties increased markedly during the last 100 years as a result of a worldwide transformation changing from a traditional extensive to a modern intensive mechanized industry. The traditional olive cultivars still widely used are selections from the local autochthonous cultivars which are well adapted to their natural environment. However, the level of production of those is usually rather low and many of them failed to respond enough to modern intensification methods. The wild olive population is gradually diminishing in all regions thus, natural selection is not efficient enough for developing the cultivars required for the new intensive olive industry. Cross breeding between cultivars with specific characters became the basis for the required new cultivars. The genetic diversity in progenies of most olive cultivars is extremely wide and thus becomes the basic source for breeding of the needed new cultivars. However, the genetic information on olive heredity and identification of specific gene characteristics is still limited. Genomic information is required for rational choice of genitors in accordance with each breeding aim, particularly as most criteria required for the new varieties are of multi-gene nature. The availability of advanced genomic information will also serve as basis for molecular engineering when accepted for use in the olive commodity. Geographically isolated olive populations developed during generations of inbreeding in remote regions are another important genetic resource of characters required for breeding the cultivars for the new modern mechanized olive orchards. The use of molecular markers based on AFLP, SSRs, DArT and SNPs is important for the choice of genitors leading to a reduction of the progeny size required in olive breeding. Presentl

关键词： Olive Orchard Systems Breeding Genetic Markers New Cultivars

Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst with high intra-cystic carbohydrate antigen 19-9 level

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16355-16358页

作者： Ziv ben ari Oranit Cohen-Ezra Jonathan Weidenfeld Tania Bradichevsky Ella Weitzman Uri Rimon Yael Inbar Michal Amitai Barak Bar-Zachai Roni Eshkenazy arie ariche Daniel Azoulay Liver Disease Center Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University52621 Tel AvivIsrael Department of Pathology Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University52621 Tel AvivIsrael Department of Radiology Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University52621 Tel AvivIsrael Depatrment of Hepatobiliary Surgery Sheba Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University52621 Tel AvivIsrael

A ciliated hepatic foregut cyst (CHFC) is a rare foregut developmental malformation usually diagnosed in adulthood. Five percent of reported cases of CHFC transform into squamous cell carcinoma. We report the presentation, evaluation, and surgical management of a symptomatic 45-year-old male found to have a 6.2 cm CHFC. Contrast tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration demonstrated columnar, ciliated epithelium consistent with the histologic diagnosis of CHFC. The intracystic levels of carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were extremely high (978118 U/mL and 973 μg/L, respectively). Histologically, the wall of the cyst showed characteristic pseudopapillae lined with a ciliated stratified columnar epithelium, underlying smooth muscle, an outer fibrous layer and no atypia. Immunohistochemistry for CA19-9 and CEA was positive. This is the first case report of a CHFC in which levels of CA 19-9 and CEA were measured. Our findings suggest that a large sized multilocular cyst and elevated cyst CA19-9 and CEA levels do not exclude a CHFC from consideration in the diagnosis. CHFCs should be included in the differential diagnosis of hepatic lesions. Accurate diagnosis of a CHFC is necessary given its potential for malignant transformation, and surgical excision is recommended.

关键词： Ciliated hepatic foregut cyst Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 Carcinoembryonic antigen Computed tomography-guided fine-needle aspiration Magnetic resonance imaging Squamous cell carcinoma

Increasing rim height depth for safe femtosecond laser-assisted capsulotomy in intumescent white cataracts with liquified cortex

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第9期15卷 1557-1559页

作者： Beatriz Vidal-Villegas JoséAntonio Gegúndez Fernández Bárbara Burgos-Blasco David Diaz-Valle Ricardo Cuiña-Sardiña Rosalía Méndez-Fernández Pedro Arriola-Villalobos Mayte ariño-Gutiérrez Jose Manuel benítez-del-Castillo Ophthalmology Service Hospital Clínico San CarlosProfesor Martin Lagos 2Madrid 28040Spain

Dear Editor,Continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis is an essential part of modern cataract surgery,as it safely enables phacoemulsification procedures and permits a stable intraocular lens(IOL)bag *** white cataracts wi... 详细信息

关键词： white laser femtosecond

膳食疗法研究:采用阶梯设计随机对照试验评估由营养师为头颈部肿瘤放疗病人提供健康指导以改善营养状况

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膳食疗法研究:采用阶梯设计随机对照试验评估由营养师为头颈部肿...

作者： ben Britton Kristen McCarter Amanda Baker Luke Wolfenden Chris Wratten judith Bauer Alison Beck Patrick McElduff Sean Halpin Gregory Carter 晋菲斐

简介头颈部肿瘤病人需要营养健康的饮食,但由于恶性肿瘤和放射疗法对身体的影响,其所需的营养摄入也要相应改变。目前,通过健康行为干预以改善这类病人的营养状况是否有效,尚未研究。试验建立在数据基础上,评估由营养师提供健康行为干...

简介头颈部肿瘤病人需要营养健康的饮食,但由于恶性肿瘤和放射疗法对身体的影响,其所需的营养摄入也要相应改变。目前,通过健康行为干预以改善这类病人的营养状况是否有效,尚未研究。试验建立在数据基础上,评估由营养师提供健康行为干预以改善头顶部肿瘤患者营养不良状况的有效性,即膳食疗法。方法与分析采用阶梯式整群随机对照试验,对参加研究医院的肿瘤科大夫进行随机数字编号,并进行为期2天的膳食疗法培训,研究人员在培训期间进行督导,并提供2个月的强化训练。膳食疗法是基于行为改变理论的一种方法,包括:动机性访谈、认知行为治疗和临床实践。膳食疗法的作用是激发病人的食欲,帮助病人克服疼痛、黏膜炎、恶心、口干、味觉改变和食欲减退等障碍,改变其不良健康行为,由营养师对病人进行膳食指导。在澳大利亚选择5个地区,从每个地区的医院放射科选择18岁以上且患有头颈部肿瘤,准备进行放射治疗的患者,共400人参加研究。分别选择放疗的第1周和最后1周,放疗后的第4周和第12周四个时段进行评估。本次研究的主要成果是对头颈部肿瘤病人放疗后营养现状的评估。

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朱迪斯·巴特勒的后女性主义理论

云南大学学报（社会科学版） 2009年第3期8卷 61-67,82页

作者：李庆本北京语言大学北京100083

朱迪斯.巴特勒的后女性主义理论从质疑和重写以波伏瓦为代表的女性主义理论入手,在消解了生理性别与社会性别的差异性后指出,历来的社会性别都是基于生理性别而建构的,这就道破了男尊女卑之性别秩序的内在机制。巴特勒通过她的性别述行... 详细信息

朱迪斯.巴特勒的后女性主义理论从质疑和重写以波伏瓦为代表的女性主义理论入手,在消解了生理性别与社会性别的差异性后指出,历来的社会性别都是基于生理性别而建构的,这就道破了男尊女卑之性别秩序的内在机制。巴特勒通过她的性别述行理论揭示了生理性别与社会性别的一致性和建构性,在她看来,宣称性与性别是述行性的,也就是宣称身体从来不是仅仅被陈述或被描述的,而是在描述的过程中被建构的。这就彻底打破了性与性别的稳定性,从而为女性主义理论的发展开启了新的路径。

关键词：后女性主义生理性别社会性别述行性