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Accuracy of non-invasive liver stiffness measurement and steatosis quantification in patients with severe and morbid obesity

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2021年第5期10卷 610-622,I0004-I0007页

作者： Magdalena Eilenberg Petra Munda judith Stift felix BLanger Gerhard Prager Michael Trauner Katharina Staufer Division of General Surgery Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine InselspitalUniversity Hospital BernBernSwitzerland Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Clinical Institute of Pathology Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Division of Transplantation Department of SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria

Background:Vibration controlled transient elastography(VCTE)and controlled attenuation parameter(CAP™)have shown reliable performance predicting fibrosis and steatosis in normal-to overweight patients but have not been validated in severe to morbid *** study aimed at determining the accuracy of VCTE,CAP™and the composite score FibroScan-AST(FAST)in patients with a body mass index(BMI)of≥35 kg/m^(2).Methods:Patients scheduled for bariatric-metabolic surgery underwent preoperative VCTE/CAP™measurement,and intraoperative liver *** feasibility and accuracy of VCTE,CAP™and the composite score FAST were retrospectively analysed to evaluate fibrosis,steatosis and active fibrotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis[NASH+non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)activity score≥4+fibrosis grade≥2]using per protocol(PP)and intent to diagnose(ITD)***:In total,170 patients(median BMI 44.4 kg/m²)were included in the *** biopsy showed NASH,simple steatosis,and normal livers in 60.6%(n=103),28.8%(n=49),and 10.6%(n=18),*** and CAP™delivered reliable results in 90.6%(n=154/170)and 90.5%(n=134/148).The AUC(PP)of VCTE,CAP™,and FAST were 0.687(≥F2),0.786(≥F3),0.703(≥S2),0.738(S3),and 0.780(active fibrotic NASH).The AUC increased to 0.742(≥F2),0.842(≥F3),0.712(≥S2),0.780(S3),and 0.836(active fibrotic NASH)in patients below the median BMI of 44.4 kg/m².Conclusions:VCTE,CAP™and FAST show acceptable accuracy for the detection of fibrosis,steatosis and NASH in a real-life cohort of patients with *** improves in patients with a BMI<44.4 kg/m^(2).

关键词： Transient elastography controlled attenuation parameter(CAP™) FibroScan-AST score(FAST score) obesity non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)

Sodium Diffuses from Glass Substrates through P1 Lines and Passivates Defects in Perovskite Solar Modules

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第6期6卷 393-401页

作者： felix Utama Kosasih Francesco Di Giacomo Jordi Ferrer Orri Kexue Li Elizabeth M.Tennyson Weiwei Li Fabio Matteocci Gunnar Kusch Narges Yaghoobi Nia Rachel A.Oliver judith L.MacManus-Driscoll Katie L.Moore Samuel D.Stranks Aldo Di Carlo Giorgio Divitini Caterina Ducati Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge27 Charles Babbage RoadCambridge CB30FSUK Centre for Hybrid and Organic Solar Energy(CHOSE) Department of Electronic EngineeringUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome 00133Italy Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AvenueCambridge CB30HEUK Department of Materials and Photon Science Institute University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUK Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridge CB30ASUK Laboratory for Advanced Solar Energy(LASE) National University of Science and Technology MISiSLeninskiy Prospekt 4Moscow 119049Russia Energy Research Institute@NTU Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang DriveSingapore 637553Singapore MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics College of PhysicsNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China Istituto di Struttura della Materia-CNR(ISM-CNR) Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100Rome 00133Italy Electron Spectroscopy and Nanoscopy Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaVia Morego 30Genova 16163Italy

Most thin-film photovoltaic modules are constructed on soda-lime glass(SLG)substrates containing alkali oxides,such as Na_(2)*** may diffuse from SLG into a module's active layers through P1 lines,an area between a module's constituent cells where the substrate-side charge transport layer(CTL)is in direct contact with *** diffusion from SLG is known to cause several important effects inⅡ-Ⅵand chalcogenide solar modules,but it has not been studied in perovskite solar modules(PSMs).In this work,we use complementary microscopy and spectroscopy techniques to show that Na diffusion occurs in the fabrication process of *** diffuses vertically inside P1 lines and then laterally from P1 lines into the active area for up to 360 *** propose that this process is driven by the high temperatures the devices are exposed to during CTL and perovskite *** diffused Na preferentially binds with Br,forming Br-poor,l-rich perovskite and a species rich in Na and Br(Na-Br)close to P1 ***-Br passivates defect sites,reducing non-radiative recombination in the perovskite and boosting its luminescence by up to 5×.Na-Br is observed to be stable after 12 weeks of device storage,suggesting long-lasting effects of Na *** results not only point to a potential avenue to increase PSM performance but also highlight the possibility of unabated Na diffusion throughout a module's lifetime,especially if accelerated by the electric field and elevated temperatures achievable during device operation.

关键词： defect passivation monolithic interconnection perovskite solar modules soda-lime glass sodium diffusion solar cells thin-film photovoltaics

The Clinical Burden and Spectrum of Ophthalmic Disorders in Stone Industry Employees from Nigeria

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2018年第4期8卷 191-206页

作者： Chinyelu Nkemdilim Ezisi Boniface Ikenna Eze Obiekwe Okoye Ada Aghaji Nkechi judith Uche Chimdia Ogbonnaya felix Udenna Ezepue Rich Umeh Federal Teaching Hospital Abakailiki Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Workers in the stone industry are exposed to many ocular health hazards. There is a paucity of data on the profile of ophthalmic disorders in this vulnerable group, especially in developing countries. Aim: We aimed to determine the burden and spectrum of ophthalmic disorders in stone workers in Abakiliki, Nigeria. Methods: In a population-based cross-sectional survey of stone industry workers conducted in Nigeria, between February and April 2012, relevant data from participants were collected. Descriptive and comparative statistics were performed and statistical significance was indicated by p Results: Participants (n = 384;males, 158;females, 226) were aged 32 ± 11.8 SD years (range, 14 - 68 years) and comprised 105 (27.3%) stone quarry workers and 226 (72.7%) stone processing workers. Of these, 298 (77.6%) had some form of ophthalmic disorder, which frequently involved the ocular anterior segment (69.9%) or posterior segment (4.9%). Work-related eye injuries were reported by 36.5% of employees. Leading disorders were anterior segment: pterygium-associated (37.9%). Visual impairment (2.9%) and monocular blindness (1.3%) were reported. The prevalence of eye disorders was not significantly associated with participant socio-demographic or work characteristics. Male gender (p = 0.001) and engagement in stone processing (p = 0.001) were significant predictors of work-related eye injury. Conclusions: Among stone industry workers in Abakaliki, Nigeria, there is a high prevalence of ophthalmic disorders, frequently of the ocular anterior segment, and work-related eye injuries are commonly reported. Occupational eye health education, provision of protective eye devices and appropriate ophthalmic care are suggested.

关键词： Industry Vision Disorders Occupational Health Services Administration Ophthalmic Nigeria

Targeted community based interventions improved malaria management competencies in rural Ghana

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Global Health Research and Policy 2017年第1期2卷 64-73页

作者： Isabella A.Quakyi George O.Adjei David J.Sullivan Jr judith K.Stephens Amos Laar Vivian N.Ama Aubyn Richmond Owusu Kwame S.Sakyi Nathaniel Coleman Francis D.Krampa Linda Vanotoo Julliette Tuakli Bernard B.Bortei Edward Essuman felix Sorvor Isaac A.Boateng Constance Bart-Plange Ebenezer A.Addison Peter Winch Andrew A.Adjei Department of Biological Environmental and Occupational Health SciencesSchool of Public HealthCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaP.O.Box LG 13LegonAccraGhana Office of Research Innovation and DevelopmentUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe StBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Population Familyand Reproductive HealthSchool of Public HealthUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana National Malaria Control Programme Ministry of HealthAccraGhana Department of Health Policy Planning and ManagementSchool of Public HealthUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Department of International Health Social and Behavioural Interventions ProgramJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe StBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular BiologyUniversity of GhanaLegonAccraGhana Regional Health Directorate Ghana Health ServicesAccraGhana Child and Associates AccraGhana Asante-Akim Central Municipal Health Directorate Ghana Health ServicesKonongoGhana Kpone Katamanso District Health Directorate Ghana Health ServicesKponeTemaGhana Worldwide Universities Network University of GhanaP.O.Box LG 13LegonAccraGhana

Background:Malaria is one of the most challenging public health concerns in the developing *** address its impact in endemic regions,several interventions are implemented by *** Affordable Medicine Facility-malaria(AMFm)is an example of such *** activities include communication interventions to enhance the knowledge of caregivers of children under five years,licensed chemical sellers(LCS)and prescribers on malaria management with artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACT).This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the AMFm activities on malaria among targeted groups in two rural communities in ***:A communication intervention study was conducted in the Asante-Akim North and South Districts of *** cross-sectional pre and post surveys were *** malaria messages were designed and used to develop the information,education and communication(IEC)tools for the *** the aid of posters and flipcharts developed by our study,community health workers(CHWs),prescribers,and licenced chemical sellers provided proper counselling to clients on malaria *** CHWs and community based volunteers educated caregivers of children under five years on malaria management at their homes and at public gatherings such as churches,mosques,***-square tests and logistic regression were run to determine associations and control for demographic differences ***:There was significantly high exposure to malaria/ACT interventions in the intervention district than in the comparison district(OR=16.02;95%CI=7.88–32.55)and same for malaria/ACT-related knowledge(OR=3.63;95%CI=2.52–5.23).The participants in the intervention district were also more knowledgeable about correct administration of dispersible drug for children<5 years than their counterparts in the unexposed ***:Our data show that targeted interventions improve malaria based competences in rural commun

关键词： malaria district gathering