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Assessmen. of Gen.tic Relation.hip an. Application.of Computation.l Algorithm to Assess Fun.tion.lity of n.n.Syn.n.mous Substitution. in.DQA2 Gen. of Cattle, Sheep an. Goats

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Open.Journ.l of Gen.tics 2015年第4期5卷 145-158页

作者： Steven.B. Ugbo Abdulmojeed Yakubu jude n. omeje Bwaseh S. Bibin. Ibrahim S. Musa Joseph O. Egahi n. I. Dim Departmen. of An.mal Breedin. an. Physiology University of Agriculture Makurdi Nigeria Departmen. of An.mal Scien.e Faculty of Agriculture Nasarawa State University Keffi Shabu-Lafia Campus Lafia Nigeria Departmen. of Veterin.ry Medicin. an. Surgery University of Abuja Abuja Nigeria

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a fun.amen.al part of the immun. system in.n.arly all vertebrates. DQA2 is a member of the MHC complex an. an.importan. can.idate gen. in.olved in.susceptibility/resistan.e to various diseases. Therefore, the presen. study aimed at in.estigatin. computation.lly molecular gen.tic variation.of DQA2 gen. of cattle, sheep an. goats especially on.its evolution.an. differen.iation.within.an. amon. species as well as the atten.an. effects of the polymorphism on.the fun.tion.of DQA2 gen.. A total of thirty three DQA2 n.cleotide sequen.es comprisin. cattle (10), sheep (12) an. goats (11) were retrieved from the Gen.an.. Forty seven.amin. acid substitution. of the wild type alleles located in.the putative peptide codin. region.of caprin. DQA2 alleles were obtain.d from the align.en. of deduced amin. acid sequen.es of goats. Out of these, eleven.amin. acid substitution. (H14L, H14R, L34M, E35L, G56S, G56R, 161V, A62E, D69Q, T72n.an. T72G) were return.d n.utral;an.in.ication.that they did n.t impair protein.fun.tion. The Expected Accuracy (EA) ran.ed from 53% - 87%. For sheep, sixteen.amin. acid substitution. (A11P, A11T, A11G, A11M, L14S, L14T, V27L, V27S, G35S, S46T, D55E, L57T, L57A, L57G, K65Q an. V68I) appeared ben.ficial while the rest forty seven.appeared harmful (EA ran.ed from 53% - 93%). Twen.y four amin. acid substitution. did n.t impair the fun.tion.of protein.while seven.y seven.substitution. appeared to have a n.gative effect on.the fun.tion.of protein.of cattle (EA ran.ed from 53% - 94%). The phylogen. based on.n.cleotide an. amin. acid sequen.es of DQA2 gen. revealed the close relatedn.ss of the caprin., ovin. an. bovin. species. The presen. kn.wledge would be relevan. for performin. further gen.type-phen.type research as well as pharmacogen.tics studies in.order to show association.between.caprin., ovin. an. bovin. DQA2 allelic variation.an. the clin.cal progression.of in.ectious diseases especially in.a developin.

关键词： DQA2 Gen.tic Relation.hip Amin. Acid Substitution Phylogen. Rumin.n.s

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In.vitro-in.vivo studies on.an.i-trypan.somal poten.ials of Zapoteca portoricen.is

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Asian.Pacific Journ.l of Tropical Medicin. 2009年第1期2卷 25-29页

作者： n.odo n. omeje EO Bran.R Departmen. of Pharmaceutical Chemistry University of NigeriaNsukkaNigeria Departmen. of Medical Parasitology an. In.ection.Biology Swiss Tropical InstituteCH-4002 BaselSwitzerland

Objective:Aqueous extracts of Zapoteca portoricen.is are used tradition.lly as an.idiarrhea agen. an. in.the treatmen. of diverse gastroin.estin.l disorders here in.n.geria specifically,the southern.***,the aqueous extract of the plan. is also used tradition.lly as an.icon.ulsan.,an.ispasmodic an. in.the treatmen. of *** too,the an.i-in.lammatory an. an.imicrobial activities of the methan.l extracts of the root of Zapoteca portoricen.is was *** this research,we are set to in.estigate the trypan.cidal activity of Zapoteca ***:The methan.l extract of the root of Zapoteca portoricen.is was in.estigated for both in.vitro an. in.vivo trypan.cidal activity followin. established *** summary,phytochemical an.lysis was carried out on.both the crude powdered root an. on.the methan.l extract followin. stan.ard procedures. The oral acute toxicity test(LD50 ) of the crude methan.l extract was determin.d accordin. to the method described by Lorke（1983）.Albin. mice（17g-21g） of either sex were *** methan.l extract was suspen.ed in.3%v/v tween.85 an. admin.stered orally at doses of 10 mg/kg,100 mg/kg an. 1 000 mg/kg to three groups of mice（n.= 3 ）.The an.mals were observed for 24 *** on.the result obtain.d in.this in.tial test,doses of 4 mg/kg,6 mg/kg,an. 8 mg/kg were admin.stered to three differen. *** LD50 was calculated as the geometric mean.of the lowest dose killin. a mouse an. the highest dose showin. n. *** in.ivo /in.vitro an.itrypan.somal evaluation. were carried out in.experimen.al an.mals an. tissue cell culture respectively. Results:The result of the in.vitro studies shows the in.ibitive con.en.ration.50（IC-50） again.t Trypan.soma brucei rhodesien.e（***） to be 0.372 mg/kg,while the con.rol drug melarsoprol was 0.006 mg/*** Trypan.soma brucei brucei（***）,the IC-50 is 6.42 mg/kg again.t 0.87 of the referen.e drug *** cytotoxicity on.L-6 c

关键词： Zapoteca portoricen.is Trypan.cidal effects T.b.rhoden.ien.e T.cruzi In vitro/in vivo model

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Main.immun.modulatory con.tituen.s of Eastern.n.geria Mistletoe,Loran.hus micran.hus Lin.

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Asian.Pacific Journ.l of Tropical Medicin. 2009年第4期2卷 11-18页

作者： P.O.Osadebe E.O.omeje Departmen. of Pharmaceutical an. Medicin.l Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nigeria410001NsukkaEnugu StateNigeria

Objective:In.our con.in.ed efforts to isolate the active immun.modulatory an. an.iviral con.tituen.s of Loran.hus micran.hus Lin. parasitic on.Kola acumin.ta,we set out to fraction.te the crude aqueous methan.l extract of the *** establishmen. of the most poten. fraction.s) as well as the isolation.of the pure active secon.ary metabolite respon.ible for the immun. stimulatory an. an.iviral activities in.Eastern.n.geria mistletoe has become very *** will en.ble us prove our assumption.that this particular specie is differen. from the European.version.Viscum ***:Five solven.s of varyin. polarity n.mely n.hexan.,chloroform, ethylacetate,aceton. an. methan.l were successively employed in.the complete fraction.tion.of the crude aqueous -methan.l extract of Eastern.n.gerian.mistletoe,Loran.hus micran.hus Lin..,harvested from Kola acumin.ta in.that *** fraction. were dried in.vacuo usin. a rotary evaporator main.ain.d at a temperature of(40±5)℃.The differen. fraction. were screen.d for immun.modulatory activity usin. a un.versal model:the cellular - mediated delayed type hypersen.ivity test in.experimen.al *** was performed by admin.sterin. two differen. dose levels:250 mg/kg an. 500 mg/kg of each fraction.again.t stan.ard positive an. n.gative con.rol. Results:Results of the study established dose-depen.en. immun.stimulatory(upregulatory) effects of the five fraction. of the extract as the model used in.the study with differen. percen.age stimulation. compared to *** the dose levels of 500 mg/kg an. 250 mg/kg body weight,the percen.age stimulation.observed were as followin.:chloroform fraction.311.11%an. 122.22%,ethyl acetate fraction.193.38%an. 95. 56%,n.hexan. 155.56%an. 3.50%,aceton. fraction.95.56%an. 51.11%an. methan.l fraction.68. 89%an. 24.44%***,a kn.wn.poten. immun.stimulan.,afforded a stimulation.of 68. 89%at a dose of 2.5 mg/***:The study showed that the order of immun.modulatory poten.y

关键词： Loran.hus micran.hus Mistletoe Eastern n.geria Solven. fraction.tion Immun.modulatory

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基于COMSOL和PIC方法的电喷雾推力器仿真分析

基于COMSOL和PIC方法的电喷雾推力器仿真分析

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作者： EMEZIE omeje 哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

近年来,随着空间任务要求的提高,改善卫星相对位置和消除小干扰的推进技术变得越发重要。而胶体推进器是最有希望满足这些要求的。区别于传统的电推进器,这种类型的推进器是静电加速器,即不需要传统的中性气体电离为等离子体的过程。这... 详细信息

近年来,随着空间任务要求的提高,改善卫星相对位置和消除小干扰的推进技术变得越发重要。而胶体推进器是最有希望满足这些要求的。区别于传统的电推进器,这种类型的推进器是静电加速器,即不需要传统的中性气体电离为等离子体的过程。这种推力器的尺寸很小,能够在低功率水平下运行,同时具有小的羽流发散角来避免航天器污染问题。胶体推进器提供低推力（单个推力器产生0.1μn.力）,通过将它们集成到微型制造的阵列中,可以使推力成倍增长。胶体推力器的一个突出优点是,通过适当选择推进剂和运行机制,它们的比冲可以从500秒到7000秒不等。这种优点让胶体推力器成为许多空间任务的候选机型。在过去的时间里,很多研究小组都试图开发胶体推进器。然而,他们并没有很好的解释推进器运行的物理机制。因此,本文使用了COMSOL仿真软件对电喷推进器进行数值模拟,以补充该领域的实验和分析研究。本文主要工作是用COMSOL多物理场模拟泰勒锥体的成型过程,并以此模拟带电液体在强电场力作用下形成稳定锥体的过程。同时,为了满足现代空间任务中微推进的要求,如轨道控制任务和引力波探测任务,本文还对电喷雾推力器进行了研究。在构建数学模型的过程中,对电喷雾的结构机制和工作过程进行了理论计算。得出电喷雾推进器的高效运行方法,如纯离子模式和纯液滴模式运行。而对于在混合模式下工作的推进器,可以通过增加液滴电荷质量比或减少离子电荷质量比来提高推进器的能力。推进器的推力和比冲取决于带电粒子的电荷质量比、提取电压、电流和液体流量。增加颗粒的电荷质量比,提高提取电压和流速是为促进推力和比冲的增加而采取的一些措施。在这项工作中,本文分析了电场力、表面张力、泰勒锥表面的体积力的分布以及液体表面附近的速度变化。通过构建二维轴对称模型,计算了电压和流速对电喷雾运行过程的影响。仿真结果显示,当喷嘴直径在μm～mm数量级时,阵列间距可以用发射器直径的函数来表示。最后,本文使用单元格中的粒子法来模拟一个立方体域。而COMSOL射频模块是通过三维建模对推力进行模拟计算,得到模型参数、空间电场分布等结果。

关键词：电喷雾推进器细胞内粒子法泰勒锥数值模拟离子液体

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Immun.modulation.an. n.gerian.mistletoe immun.modulatory activities of n.hexan. an. methan.l extracts of Loran.hus micran.hus Lin.,parasitic on.Parkia biglobosa.

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Asian.Pacific Journ.l of Tropical Medicin. 2008年第3期1卷 48-54页

作者： E.O.omeje P.O.Osadebe F.B.C.Okoyea A.K.Agwu C.O.Esimon. Departmen. of Pharmaceutical an. Medicin.l Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nigeria Nsukka410001NsukkaNigeria Departmen. of Pharmaceutics Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Nigeria Nsukka410001NsukkaNigeria

Loran.hus micran.hus is the species of mistletoe peculiar to the eastern.provin.e of *** has been.shown.to possess an.i-diabetic,an.motility,an.imicrobial an. an.ihyperten.ive activities which are host-tree depen.en.. The an.imicrobial activity was foun. to vary with the season.durin. which the plan. was *** are of the opin.on.that this species should possess immun.modulatin. poten.ials as have been.reported for the European.species,Viscum *** our efforts to establish the bio-activities an. active prin.iples in.our local mistletoe, the immun.modulatory activity of n.hexan. an. methan.l extracts from Loran.hus micran.hus parasitic on.Persea american. was assessed at three dose levels ran.in. from 100 to 400 mg/kg body weight usin. delayed type hypersen.itivity reaction.DTHR) an. cyclophosphamide-in.uced myelosuppression.models in.*** was compared with respon.es from a stan.ard immun.stimulatory drug,*** phytochemical an.lysis of the plan. showed the presen.e of tan.in.,flavon.ids,alkaloids,terpen.ids,carbohydrates an. *** an.lysis in.icated a dose-depen.en. respon.e relation.hip in.the parameters measured with over 170%in.rease for both extracts at the highest dose *** on. way An.VA test showed sign.fican. variation.in.the parameters between.the con.rols an. the differen. dose ***,at 95%con.iden.e level,(Pn. statistically sign.fican. differen.e between.the two extracts, an.in.ication.that the active immun.modulan.(s) could be both in.the polar an. n.n.polar crude *** con.lusion.the presen. results have established some immun. stimulatin. action. of the Eastern.n.geria mistletoe, Loran.hus micran.hus thus in.icatin. that this varian. of the semi parasitic plan. holds a stron. promise as an.immun.stimulatory *** is therefore,a basis for further detailed in.estigation.on.the fraction. an. specific ***,these extracts from Loran.hus micran.hu

关键词： immun.modulatory L.micran.hus methan.l mistletoe n.hexan. V.album

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