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Seasonal Prediction of Extreme High-Temperature Days in Southwestern China Based on the Physical Precursors

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第7期40卷 1212-1224页

作者： Zhiyi zhou Juan LI Haishan CHEN Zhiwei ZHU Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100086China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Extreme high temperatures frequently occur in southwestern China,significantly impacting the local ecological system and economic ***,accurate prediction of extreme high-temperature days(EHDs)in this region is still an unresolved *** on the spatiotemporal characteristics of EHDs over China,a domain-averaged EHD index over southwestern China(SWC-EHDs)during April-May is *** simultaneous dynamic and thermodynamic fields associated with the increased SWC-EHDs are a local upper-level anticyclonic(high-pressure)anomaly and wavy geopotential height anomaly patterns over *** tracing the origins of the lower boundary anomalies,two physically meaningful precursors are detected for *** are the tripolar SST change tendency from December-January to February-March in the northern Atlantic and the February-March mean snow depth in central *** these two selected predictors,a physics-based empirical model prediction was applied to the training period of 1961–2005 to obtain a skillful prediction of the EHDs index,attaining a correlation coefficient of 0.76 in the independent prediction period(2006–19),suggesting that 58%of the total SWC-EHDs variability is *** study provides an estimate for the lower bound of the seasonal predictability of EHDs as well as for the hydrological drought over southwestern China.

关键词： extreme high-temperature days southwestern China seasonal prediction predictability

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Characteristics and mechanisms of the intraseasonal variability of sea surface salinity in the southeastern Arabian Sea during 2015-2020

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第5期42卷 25-34页

作者： Hui Teng Yun Qiu Xinyu Lin Xiwu zhou Third Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Physical and Geological Processes Xiamen 361005China

Based on Soil Moisture Active Passive sea surface salinity(SSS)data from April 2015 to August 2020,combined with Objectively Analyzed Air-Sea Heat Flux and other observational data and Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model(HYCOM)data,this work explores the characteristics and mechanisms of the intraseasonal variability of SSS in the southeastern Arabian Sea(SEAS).The results show that the intraseasonal variability of SSS in the SEAS is very significant,especially the strongest intraseasonal signal in SSS,which is located along the northeast monsoon current(NMC)path south of the Indian *** are remarkable seasonal differences in intraseasonal SSS variability,which is very weak in spring and summer and much stronger in autumn and *** strong intraseasonal variability in autumn and winter is closely related to the Madden-Julian Oscillation(MJO)event during this *** northeast wind anomaly in the Bay of Bengal(BOB)associated with the active MJO phase strengthens the East India Coastal Current and NMC and consequently induces more BOB low-salinity water to enter the SEAS,causing strong SSS *** addition,MJO-related precipitation further amplifies the intraseasonal variability of SSS in *** on budget analysis of the mixed layer salinity using HYCOM data,it is shown that horizontal salinity advection(especially zonal advection)dominates the intraseasonal variability of mixed layer salinity and that surface freshwater flux has a secondary role.

关键词： southeastern Arabian Sea sea surface salinity intraseasonal variability air-sea interaction

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Traveler’s Willingness to Accept and Provide Carpooling Services:A Case Study in Beijing

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2020年第4期11卷 356-366页

作者： Lingling XIAO Zhitian zhou School of Economics and Management Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100044 China

Carpooling as a transportation demand management(TDM) tool is currently being prevalent in major Chinese cities and producing much diminishment in the frequency of solo-driving ***, much disputes relating to carpooling is arising. To better understand the acceptance and the influence factors of carpooling, this paper investigates travelers’ willingness to provide and accept carpooling services. Firstly, a questionnaire survey was conducted. Secondly, we proposed a theoretical model, both car-owners and non-car-owners were sampled as respondents, and a multi-variable regression method was employed to analyze the survey data. Finally, we found that the higher acceptance,the more positive reactions to carpooling. The results indicate that it is necessary to improve the public’s acceptance of carpooling, because lower acceptance will lead to more negative reactions towards the carpooling, which may weaken its effectiveness.

关键词： Services acceptance driving

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A Comparative Study of the Seismic Performances and Failure Mechanisms of Slopes Using Dynamic Centrifuge Modeling

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第5期32卷 1166-1173页

作者： Hualin Cheng Jiamin zhou Zhiyi Chen Yu Huang Department of Geotechnical Engineering College of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

In this study, dynamic centrifuge model tests were performed for sand slopes under different earthquake ground motions and slope angle to characterize the seismic performance of slopes. Four groups of tests under varying seismic input amplitude were conducted. Under the action of increasing earthquake intensity, the rigidity of the soil decreases and the damping ratio increases, both of the dynamic response and the predominant period of slopes are increased. Three types of seismic waves with the same seismic intensity were applied in the model tests. It shows that the variability in the ground motion leads to the acceleration response spectra of the slopes being completely different and the Northridge seismic wave with low-frequency component is closest to the predominant period of the slope model. In addition, the effect of slope angle on the seismic performance of slopes were also clarified. The results reveal how the slope angle affects the acceleration recorded on the ground surface of the slope, both in terms of the peak ground-motion acceleration(PGA) amplification factor and the predominant period. Finally, the permanent displacement of the model slopes under different earthquake intensities were further analyzed. Based on the nonlinear growth of the permanent displacement of the slope, the test results demonstrated the failure process of the slope, which can further provide a basis for theperformance-based seismic design of slopes.

关键词： slope failure dynamic centrifuge modeling seismic performance permanent displacement

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Effects of Total Saponins from Dioscorea Nipponica Makino on Monosodium Urate-Induced M1-Polarized Macrophages through Arachidonic Acid Signaling Pathway:An in vitro Study

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第1期29卷 44-51页

作者： zhou qi SUN Hui-juan LIU Shu-min Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Heilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbin150040China Graduate School Heilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbin150040China Technological Innovation Team of Basic Theory Study Research of Institution of Higher Education in Heilongjiang Province Heilongjiang University of Chinese MedicineHarbin150040China

Objective To investigate and reveal the underlying mechanism of the effect of total saponins from Dioscoreae nipponica Makino(TSDN)on the arachidonic acid pathway in monosodium urate(MSU)crystal-induced M1-polarized *** M1 polarization of RAW264.7 cells were induced by 1µg/mL lipopolysaccharide(LPS).The methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide method was then used to screen the concentration of ***(500µg/mL)was used to induce the gouty arthritis ***,10µg/L TSDN and 8µmol/L celecoxib,which was used as a positive control,were added to the above LPS and MSU-induced cells for 24 *** mRNA and protein expressions of cyclooxygenase(COX)2,5-lipoxygenase(5-LOX),microsomal prostaglandin E synthase derived eicosanoids(mPGES)-1,leukotriene B(LTB)4,cytochrome P450(CYP)4A,and prostaglandin E_(2)(PGE_(2))were tested by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting,*** enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to test the contents of M1 markers,including inducible nitric oxid synthase(NOS)2,CD80,and *** TSDN inhibited the proliferation of M1 macrophages and decreased both the mRNA and protein expressions of COX2,5-LOX,CYP4A,LTB4,and PGE_(2)(P<0.01)while increased the mRNA and protein expression of mPGES-1(P<0.05 or P<0.01).TSDN could also significantly decrease the contents of NOS2,CD80,and CD86(P<0.01).Conclusion TSDN has an anti-inflammation effect on gouty arthritis in an in vitro model by regulating arachidonic acid signaling pathway.

关键词： gouty arthritis Dioscorea nipponica Makino arachidonic acid signaling pathway M1/M2 polarization

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Effect of time-odd fields on odd-even mass differences of semi-magic nuclei

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2016年第5期59卷 83-92页

作者： Kun Yu XianRong zhou JiWei Cui H.Sagawa Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Xiamen University Department of Physics East China Normal University State Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Xidian University RIKEN Nishina Center Center for Mathematics and Physics University of Aizu Aizu-Wakamatsu

The effect of time-odd fields of Skyrme interaction on neutron odd-even mass differences is studied in the framework of axially deformed Skyrme Hartree-Fock(DSHF)+BCS model. To this end, we take into account both the time-even and time-odd fields to calculate the one-neutron and two-neutron separation energies and pairing gaps of semi-magic Ca, Ni, and Sn isotopic chains. In the calculations, a surface-type pairing interaction(IS pairing) and an isospin dependent contact pairing interaction(IS+IV pairing)are adopted on top of Skyrme interactions SLy4, SLy6 and Sk M*, respectively. We find that the time-odd fields have in general small effects on pairing gaps, but achieve better agreement with experimental data using SLy4 and Sly6 interactions, *** is also shown that the calculations with IS+IV pairing reproduce the one-neutron separation energies of Sn isotopes better than those with the IS pairing interaction when the contributions of the time-odd fields are included.

关键词： odd-even staggering S1n S2n A3 and mean square deviations

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EFFECT OF CARBON CONTENT ON PROPERTIES OF SLACK-QUENCHED RAILS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1992年第5期5卷 349-353页

作者： zhou Qingyue WANG Shuqing SHAO Yangdao NIE Shufan zhou Zhenguo China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing China Acad of Railway Science Beijing China

A comparative investigation was carried out of the routine mechanical properties,fracture toughness,microstructure and hardness of slack-quenched rails containing different carbon *** the rails slack-quenched,their strength and toughness,together with ductility, are obviously improved,and the higher the quench hardening is,the more the resistance to wear and shell will *** was also made of the reason for this improvement and of the effect of carbon content and quench hardening on the properties of rails in combination with the rail-laying trial.

关键词： carbon content slack-quenched rail property

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Correlation between Conformation Change of Polyelectrolyte Brushes and Lubrication

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2015年第1期33卷 163-172页

作者： Bin Li 于波 Xiao-long Wang 郭峰 Feng zhou State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mechanical Engineering Qingdao Technological University

We directly monitor the absolute separation profiles that function as film thickness between a single glass disk and the charged polyelectrolyte brushes decorated steel slider in water using a home-made slider-on-disk apparatus, which reflects the structural conformation variations and interactions of polymer brushes under externally applied pressure, in addition to probing the relative variation of friction forces under different applied loads and sliding velocities. We find that the polyelectrolyte brushes modified surfaces can sustain high pressure and have extremely low friction coefficients（around 0.006 at pressures of 0.13 MPa; 0.5-0.6 without brushes）. The water-lubrication characteristics are correlated to the structural conformation changes of the polyelectrolyte brushes that are mainly governed by electrostatic interactions and the osmotic pressure of counterions inside the polymer chains, which can be used to support and distribute the normal pressure. The apparent thickness of the brush decreases with the increase of loading forces, an increase in the ionic strength causes the polymer chains collapse, and the friction forces increase. This fundamental research is of great importance to understand the mechanical and structural properties of polyelectrolyte brushes and their influences on the tribological behaviors, and helps to design friction/lubrication-controlled surface/interface by taking advantage of polyelectrolyte brushes.

关键词： Polyelectrolyte brush Lubrication Conformation Electrolyte.

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State to State Photodissociation Dynamics of Vibrationally Excited D2O in B Band

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2015年第4期28卷 -页

作者： Shan-yu Han Lin-sen zhou Dai-qian Xie Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

The state-to-state photodissociassion dynamics for the B band of D2O have been explored from quantum dynamical calculations including the electronic ?X and ?B states. The calculations were carried out using a Chebyshev real wave packet method. The calculated absorption spectra, product state distributions, and branching ratios from different initial vibrational states show different dynamic features, due to the different shapes of the vibrational wavefunctions. The initial bending mode (0,1,0) generates two lobes with a shallow minimum on the absorptionspectrum and a slight inverted vibrational population of OD(?X) product at high total energies. The rotational state distributions of OD(?X, v=0) product are highly inverted and depend weakly on the initial state and total energy. On the other hand, the ro-vibrational distributions of OD(?A) product strongly oscillate with the total energy, which are dominated by the long-living resonances and depend sensitively on the potential surfaces. The antisymmetric stretching mode (0,0,1) has large OD(?A)/OD(?X) branching ratios at high total energies, which indicates that the B band dissociation proceeds mainly via the adiabatic pathway in some cases.

关键词： Photodissociation D2O Vibrationally excited state Conical intersection Quantum dynamics

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Effect of pipe material and low level disinfectants on biofilm development in a simulated drinking water distribution system

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第5期10卷 725-731页

作者： Ling-ling zhou Yong-ji ZHANG Gui-bai LI School of Municipal Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

The efficiency of chlorine and chloramines disinfection on biofilm development in a simulated drinking water distribution system was investigated by using heterotrophic bacterial spread plate technique. The experiments were carried out with four annular reactors (ARs) with stainless steel (SS) or copper (Cu) material slides. The results showed that there were fewer bacteria attached to Cu slides without a disinfectant compared with those attached to SS slides. When the water was disinfected with chloramines, the heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs) on the biofilm attached to the Cu slides were significantly lower (by 3.46 log CFU/cm2) than those attached to the SS slides. Likewise, the biofilm HPC numbers on the Cu slides were slightly lower (by 1.19 log CFU/cm2) than those on the SS slides disinfected with chlorine. In a quasi-steady state, the HPC levels on Cu slides can be reduced to 3.0 log CFU/cm2 with chlorine and to about 0.9 log CFU/cm2 with chloramines. The addition of chloramines resulted in a more efficient reduction of biofilm heterotrophic bacteria than did chlorine. We concluded that the chlorine and chloramines levels usually employed in water distribution system were not sufficient to prevent the growth and development of microbial biofilm. The combination of copper pipe slides and chloramines as the disinfectant was the most efficient combination to bring about diminished bacterial levels.

关键词： Copper (Cu) Stainless steel (SS) Biofilm Heterotrophic plate counts (HPCs) Chlorine Chloramines

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