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Oral pharmacokinetics of Mirodenafil in Mexican Healthy Volunteers

pharmacology & pharmacy 2014年第1期5卷 112-116页

作者： Miriam del Carmen Carrasco-portugal Francisco Javier flores-Murrieta juan Gerardo Reyes-García Noemí Santos-Caballero Landsteiner Scientific S.A. de C.V. México DF México Sección de Estudios de posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional México DF México Unidad de Investigación en Farmacología Insituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas” México DF México Unidad de Investigación en Farmacología Insituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosio Villegas” México DF México Sección de Estudios de posgrado e Investigación Escuela Superior de Medicina Instituto Politécnico Nacional México DF México

Mirodenafil is a 5-phosphodiesterase inhibitor that is currently marketed in Korea for the treatment of erectile dysfunction;however, no information in other populations is available. It has been described that Mirodenafil is metabolized by CYp3A4, a metabolic pathway in which interethnic differences have been reported. The purpose of this study was to characterize the oral pharmacokinetics of Mirodenafil in Mexicans. Seventeen male healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. After an overnight fast, volunteers received an oral 100 mg dose and blood samples were collected at selected times during 24 h. plasma was stored frozen and analyzed by an HpLC method. pharmacokinetic parameters obtained were: Cmax 331.129 ± 32.689 ng/mL, tmax 1.574 ± 0.293 h, AUC24h 883.293 ± 104.088 ng·h/mL, AUC￥ 976.477 ± 108.812 ng·h/mL and t1/2 1.807 ± 0.171 h. parameter values observed in this study are similar to those reported in Koreans. Since efficacy and safety studies of Mirodenafil have been conducted in Koreans, it is expected that dosage regime to employ in Mexicans should be similar to the approved for Korean population.

关键词： Erectile Dysfunction Healthy Volunteers Mexican Mirodenafil pharmacokinetic

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An Assessment to Relationships between the Yellowfin Tuna and the Spotted Dolphin in Eastern pacific Ocean (EpO) from 1998 to 2006

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2015年第1期5卷 108-122页

作者： Gabriel Aldana flores juan Madrid Vera Ana Quan Kiu Rascon Sergio G. Castillo Vargamachuca Ricardo Meraz Sanchez Instituto Nacional de pesca CRIP Mazatlán Sinaloa México posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit Tepic Mexico posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico

Database belong to the programa Nacional de Aprovechamiento del Atún y protección de los Delfines (pNAApD) from México. The area covers from latitude 5 to 20 N and longitude 90 to 125 W, Eastern pacific Ocean (EpO), for 1998, 2001, 2002, 2005 and 2006 includes date, geographical position, sea surface temperature, tuna’s catch, yellowfin tuna’s size and dolphin’s number. 5 degress squares of latitude and longitude, each year were made. Yellowfin tuna number was normally distributed (KSd = 0.02, p > 0.20). The problem to solve is the relationship of the spotted dolphin and yellowfin tuna, that may analyze in the background of a non linear generalized model. Considering the array of latitude and longitude over the years that the abundance of yellowfin tuna is a dependent variable and the spotted dolphin abundance is the covariance continuous variable, the interaction and covariance, indicates a significant contribution to variability. The tuna abundance index does produce significative differences in latitude and longitude. Considering the dolphin as a dependent variable and the yellowfin tuna as a covariance continuous variable, the dolphin abundance index produced significative differences in latitude and longitude.

关键词： Yellowfin Tuna Spotted Dolphin North pacific Ocean Non Linear Generalized Model

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Role of Transparent Exopolymer particles on phytoplankton Dynamics in a Subtropical Estuary,Cananeia-Iguape(Sp,Brazil)

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2012年第1期2卷 25-32页

作者： Jose juan Barrera-Alba Gleyci Aparecida Oliveira Moser Sonia Maria flores Gianesella Flávia Marisa prado Saldanha-Correa Departamento de Biologia Marinha Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Faculdade de Oceanografia Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto Oceanográfico Universidade de Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Transparent Exopolymer particles (TEp) has a known crucial role in vertical fluxes of carbon in the ocean and has been intensively studied in the last decade. Nevertheless, few studies have considered horizontal fluxes of TEp. These fluxes arise prominently between estuaries and the coast, where its importance is associated to the predominant horizontal transport. This is due both to the low density of the TEp agglomerate generated in low density waters of continental origin, and to the fact that the main component of the advective transport at estuarine regions is the horizontal one. In this study, the significance of TEp in the particulate matter exchange between estuary and coast was analyzed in the estuarine lagoon system of Cananéia-Iguape (southeast coast of Brazil). TEp, total seston (TS), organic seston (OS) and chlorophyll a (Chl.a) were analyzed over complete tidal cycles, during the dry and rainy seasons both at spring and neap tides. Horizontal fluxes and net transport rates of these variables were also calculated. TEp concentrations (max. 4991 μg Xeq/L) were almost one order of magnitude higher during the rainy season. TEp horizontal transport rates as high as 1.8 g Xeq. m/s were observed at the northern inlet of the system. In terms of particulate carbon, it represents 32.7 g TEp-C m/s or 4% of the OS transport rates. Our study quantifies the advective transport of TEp and their importance in particulate matter exchange between a subtropical estuarine system and the adjacent coastal region. Our results contribute to the knowledge of exopolimer particles dynamics in subtropical estuarine systems, and their relationship to phyto-plankton biomass and particulate matter.

关键词： Cananéia-Iguape Estuarine Lagoon System phytoplankton Biomass Carbon Flux

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Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Damage by Cyclophosphamide and Adriamycin as a Response to Treatment in Breast Cancer patients: pilot Study

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第2期6卷 163-168页

作者： Jimena Garibay-Garcia Fernando Mejia-Sanchez Eduardo Ramírez-San-juan Miriam V. flores-Merino Julieta Castillo-Cadena Research Center in Medical Science Autonomous University of the State of Mexico Toluca Mexico National School in Biological Science Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico City Mexico

The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide-adriamycin treatment in breast cancer patients through the frequencies of Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE), Replication Index (RI), Mitotic Index (MI) and Cell proliferation Index (CpI) and to study the possible association between biomarkers of genotoxicity and the early response to treatment. The frequencies were obtained before and immediately after therapy from 17 patients with breast cancer (p ponse to treatment was assessed after two years resulting in 12 patients in a state of remission. MI and CpI had high values after treatment in women with active cancers compared to those in a state of remission, however there were not significant differences. Conclusions: It is possible that MI y CpI biomarkers can serve as indicators for early assessment of treatment with cyclophosphamide-adriamycin. It should be noted that these are preliminary results and further study is necessary.

关键词： Sister Chromatid Exchange Genotoxicity Biomarkers Breast Cancer Cyclophosphamide Adriamycin

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Mollusk Species Richness on the Rocky Shores of the State of Guerrero, Mexico, as Affected by Rains and Their Geographical Distribution

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Natural Resources 2012年第4期3卷 248-260页

作者： flores-Rodríguez pedro flores-Garza Rafael García-Ibánez Sergio Valdés-González Arcadio Violante-González juan Santiago Cortés Enedina Galeana-Rebolledo Lizeth Torreblanca-Ramírez Carmina Unidad Académica de Ecología Marina Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero Acapulco México Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Laboratorio de Acuacultura Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas Ciudad Universitaria San Nicolás de los Garza México

Natural processes in ecosystems shows significant variations in species richness with regular cycles that can be altered by natural or anthropogenic activities;the present research was in order to understand on some of these variations. The objectives were: 1) determine the species richness of rocky intertidal mollusks;2) track their geographical distribution at State level;and 3) determine the changes in species richness as a result of rainfall on an annual cycle. For these purposes it was sampled in March, June, September and December 2005, the sampled area was 20 m2for each collecting site;the sampling unit was a pVC rectangle frame one by two meter per side. The mollusks found within the sampling units were collected, identified and counted. The species distribution was analyzed by sites and regions, considered species richness per season, and the distributional patterns by rainy season historical records. A total of 62 mollusks species were found, its richness associated with substrate stability and wave intensity on each site, Gastropods had the highest species richness. When analyzing the regional distribution and sites, it was found a pattern of species richness roughly constant in the proportion of species with wide distribution (generalists) versus those of restricted spatial representation (specialists). Gastropods had the highest number of species with restricted spatial representation. Seasonal rainfall differences did not quantitatively altered on the overall the species of mollusks in the rocky intertidal sampled zone however, in the analysis per Class, Gastropoda indicated changes in species richness influenced by rainfall, which were not observed in Bivalvia and polyplacophora, suggesting that those changes might depend on adaptive processes or the lack of adaptation of gastropod species to the characteristics of the rocky intertidal habitat.

关键词： Rocky Shore Species Richness Geographic Distribution Rain Effects Mollusks

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Effect of Aerobic Exercise on protein Expression in Muscle of Obese Mexican Adolescents: A proteomic and Bioinformatic Analysis

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Natural Science 2014年第9期6卷 641-650页

作者： Maciste H. Macías-Cervantes juan M. Guzmán-flores Katya Vargas-Ortiz Francisco J. Díaz-Cisneros Joel Ramírez-Emiliano Victoriano pérez-Vázquez Departmento de Ciencias Aplicadas al Trabajo División de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad de Guanajuato León México Departmento de Ciencias Médicas División de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad de Guanajuato León México

The beneficial effects of exercise have been recognized for many years yet the molecular mechanisms by which exercise show benefits on health are still elusive. A combination of experimental and bioinformatics approaches can be an invaluable tool to increase the cellular understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie the aerobic exercise in obese adolescents. Muscle skeletal proteins were separated by 2D-pAGE and changes in protein expression were revealed by ImageMaster 2D platinum analysis software. proteins with expression changes after aerobic exercise were identified by comparison with 2D maps from SWISS-2DpAGE and interactions of proteins were analyzed with STRING and DAVID databases. After aerobic exercise, all participants decreased glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, body mass index and waist circumference. proteomic differential analysis revealed 10 overexpressed proteins after aerobic training, which correspond to carbonic anhydrase III, beta enolase, creatine kinase, ATp synthase beta subunit, aldolase A, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, triosephosphate isomerase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and adenylate kinase. Exercise increased glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation pathways, which is likely to be regulated by ubiquitin c protein. In conclusion, our analysis suggested that obese adolescents show changes in their body mass index, waist circumference and serum glucose after aerobic exercise through improved protein expression patterns that aid, especially, glucose metabolism and increase the oxidative phosphorylation. The most likely explanation for the observed pattern is that ubiquitin c protein keeps the glycolytic enzymes bound within skeletal muscle, obtaining a non-degradative role in cell signaling.

关键词： Glycolysis Oxidative phosphorylation Ubiquitin C protein proteomics Exercise

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Impact of Organic and Mineral Fertilization in pecan Nut on production,Quality and Antioxidant Capacity

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第2期10卷 227-240页

作者： Linda Citlalli Noperi-Mosqueda juan Manuel Soto-parra Esteban Sánchez Francisco Javier pina-Ramírez Ramona pérez-Leal María Antonia flores-Córdova Nora Aideé Salas-Salazar Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas Universidad Autónoma de ChihuahuaChihuahuaMéxico Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.Delicias ChihuahuaMéxico

The pecan nut is considered one of the most important dried fruits in the world by its classification as healthy food. The nutritional balance in the harvest is crucial for its impact on the production, quality and content of bioactive compounds. This research was carried out in the city of Aldama, Chihuahua (Mexico), where doses of mineral and organic fertilization were tested in L25 Taguchi structure with 6 factors and 5 levels by factor: nitrogen (N) 0 - 240 kg·ha-1, phosphate (p2O5) 0 - 120 kg·ha-1, potassium (K2O) 0 - 100 kg·ha-1, calcium (CaO) 0 - 400 kg·ha-1, liquid humus 0 - 3600 L·ha-1 and solid humus 0 - 8000 kg·ha-1. An average yield of 2.2 t·ha-1 was obtained;145 nuts per kilogram, 60% of the edible part of the nut. The total phenolic content was 225.9 mg gallic acid g-1 and the antioxidant capacity was 180.9 mg Trolox g-1. It is concluded that the factor with the greatest impact on yield, quality and antioxidant capacity in pecan nut was nitrogen. It was also found that the combination of mineral and organic fertilization helps to maintain the production and quality ranges of the nut. In turn, these factors contribute to the increase in the phenolic strength and antioxidant capacity. The optimal fertilization dosis to obtain the maximum levels in production of 3.2 t·ha-1;decrease the number of nuts per kilogram to 135, increase the percentage of the edible part of the nut to 61.8%, the increase in the total phenolic content to 318.6 mg of gallic acid g-1 and in the antioxidant capacity with 187.2 mg of Trolox g-1, was 184 kg·ha-1 of N, 107.4 kg·ha-1 of p2O5, 50 kg·ha-1 of K2O y 2777 L·ha-1 of liquid humus. Finally, the mineral fertilization complemented with organic fertilization is considered a good fertilization strategy for pecan trees and its possible benefits to health and the environment.

关键词： Carya illinoinensis(Wangen K.Koch) pecan Nut Nutrition Organic Fertilization Antioxidants

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Increased myo-inositol in the posterior cingulate cortex in first-episode major depressive patients

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第6期4卷 45-52页

作者： Lily Magally Granados-Dominguez Enrique O.flores-Gutierrez Sarael Alcauter juan Jose Cervantes Marina Torres-Alvarez Maria Corsi-Cabrera Laboratory for Sleep Research Faculty of PsychologyUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico(UNAM)Mexico CityMexico Sub-Department of Clinical Investigations Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente MunizMexico CityMexico

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe, disabling pathology characterized, in addition to affective, cognitive and motor symptoms, by self-focused attention and rumination. During recursive self-focused processes and rumination, the posterior cingulate cortex (pCC) is activated. In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive imaging technique that can directly assess living biochemistry in localized brain regions. The aim of this study, therefore, was to use 1H-MRS as a means of analyzing brain metabolites in the pCC of a group of first-episode, unmedicated MDD patients. pCC metabolite levels were analyzed at 3-T in a single voxel located bilaterally over the pCC in 7 patients diagnosed for the first time with MDD and with no previous pharmacological treatment, as well as in 9 control subjects. Differences in metabolite levels between groups were compared using independent t-tests. Myo-inositol was significantly higher, and NAA + NAAG/Cr significantly lower, in MDD patients than in controls. The other brain metabolites showed no statistical differences. The present results suggest that alterations in pCC metabolite levels are likely involved in MDD pathophysiology, and may help to improve our understanding of MDD and the role of the pCC in some symptoms of depression.

关键词： Major Depressive Disorder posterior Cingulate Cortex Metabolites ^(1)H-MRS Myo-Inositol N-Acetyl-Aspartate

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Identification of potential Areas for Establishment of plantations of <i>Agave lechuguilla</i>Torr. in Coahuila, Mexico

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第5期4卷 520-526页

作者： David Castillo-Quiroz Oscar Ulises Martínez-Burciaga Diana Yemilet ávila-flores Francisco Castillo-Reyes juan David Sánchez-Chaparro National Institute of Forestry Agriculture and Livestock Research (INIFAP) Experimental Station Saltillo Saltillo Mexico

Adverse weather conditions and intensive use for fiber production have caused decline of natural populations of Agave lechuguilla. By these reasons, it is important to develop a sustainable management of this specie to avoid this situation. One of the first steps is to establish forest plantations as an alternative to restore A. lechuguilla habitat and increase its range while at the same time indirectly reducing erosion rates. The aim of this study was to identify the potential areas for establishment of plantations of A. lechuguilla in the State of Coahuila, Mexico. Areas for planting establishment were selected according to multi-criteria analysis using Geographic Information System (GIS) Idrisi32 Ver 2.0 and 3.2 ***. The analysis was based on comparison of climate and soil requirements in contrast to environmental conditions of the tested area. The evaluated variables were: soil type, texture, depth, average annual temperature, annual precipitation, elevation and slope. Results derive in potential area maps, geo-referenced and their distribution by Agricultural Development District. An area of 5 million 159,273 hectares was determined with potential for establishment of A. lechuguilla forest plantations in the State of Coahuila. It was concluded that, use of GIS is a reliable tool to determine potential areas for A. lechuguilla forest plantations, where this specie has higher probability of success in survival and biomass production. This study will support programs aimed to strengthen the economy of rural producers and also recover and preserve the arid state.

关键词： Agave lechuguilla Forest plantations Natural-Fiber Geographical Information Systems

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“Quito municipal schools” cohort study: Baseline results

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2012年第3期2卷 70-74页

作者： Natalia Romero-Sandoval Virginia Ruiz juan Quizanga Ricardo Recalde Efrén Anchali Jaime Falconí Oscar flores Miguel Martín Instituto Superior de postgrado Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Universidad Central del Ecuador Quito Ecuador Grupos de Investigación de América y Africa Latinas (GRAAL) Barcelona Espana and Quito Ecuador Consultora de UNICEF Quito Ecuador Municipio del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito Quito Ecuador Unidad de Bioestadística Facultad de Medicina Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona Cerdanyola del Vallès Spain

The lack of population-level data on growth and development of children and adolescents in Ecuador, and the existence of previous data suggesting an alarming increase in the numbers of children presenting overweight or obesity justifies the present cohort study which includes all pupils of municipal schools of Quito aged 9 to 17 years. Follow-up will continue for a minimum of 7 years. This will allow determining the evolution of prevalence of these phenomena and their trends as well as other indices, both physiological and family-related customs, in order to plan appropriate preventive interventions. The present cross-sectional study includes 21 municipal schools, grouped into four health zones, each of which depends on a health centre, also municipal, and which are responsible for the health of pupils in these schools. Of the 6964 pupils studied, 18.7% suffer overweight and 7.9% obesity: 19.3% and 9.7% respectively in boys, compared to 18.2% and 5.4% in girls. The study also assesses family characteristics, degree of sedentarism and nutritional habits: 62.3% declared living in a nuclear family, and 60.5% declared their families to be in the “adolescent” life-cycle stage;91.9% of pupils were sedentary while 5.4% (CI95% 4.87 - 5.94) reported not eating breakfast every day.

关键词： Overweight and Obesity Equatorian School Children Sedentarism Type of Family

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