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Single-neuron neurodegeneration as a degenerative m.del for Parkinson’s disease

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 529-535页

作者： Sandro Huenchuguala juan Segura-Aguilar Escuela de Tecnología m.dica Facultad de SaludUniversidad Santo TomásLos CarrerasOsornoChile m.lecular&Clinical Pharm.cology Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas(ICBM)Faculty of medicineUniversity of ChileIndependenciaSantiagoChile

The positive effect of levodopa in the treatm.nt of Parkinson’s disease,although it is lim.ted in tim. and has severe side effects,has encouraged the scientific com.unity to look for new drugs that can stop the neurodegenerative process or even regenerate the neurom.lanin-containing dopam.nergic nigrostriatal neurons.Successful preclinical studies with coenzym. Q10,m.toquinone,isradipine,nilotinib,TCH346,neurturin,zonisam.de,deferiprone,prasinezum.b,and cinpanem.b prom.ted clinical trials.However,these failed and after m.re than 50 years levodopa continues to be the key drug in the treatm.nt of the disease,despite its severe side effects after 4–6 years of chronic treatm.nt.The lack of translated successful results obtained in preclinical investigations based on the use of neurotoxins that do not exist in the hum.n body as new drugs for Parkinson’s disease treatm.nt is a big problem.In our opinion,the cause of these failures lies in the experim.ntal anim.l m.dels involving neurotoxins that do not exist in the hum.n body,such as 1-m.thyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and 6-hydroxydopam.ne,that induce a very fast,m.ssive and expansive neurodegenerative process,which contrasts with the extrem.ly slow one of neurom.lanin-containing dopam.nergic neurons.The exceedingly slow progress of the neurodegenerative process of the nigrostriatal neurons in idiopathic Parkinson’s patients is due to(i)a degenerative m.del in which the neurotoxic effect of an endogenous neurotoxin affects a single neuron,(ii)a neurotoxic event that is not expansive and(iii)the fact that the neurotoxin that triggers the neurodegenerative process is produced inside the neurom.lanin-containing dopam.nergic neurons.The endogenous neurotoxin that fits this degenerative m.del involving one single neuron at a tim. is am.nochrom.,since it(i)is generated within neurom.lanin-containing dopam.nergic neurons,(ii)does not cause an expansive neurotoxic effect and(iii)triggers all the m.chanism. involved in the neurodegenerative process of the nigrostriata

关键词： 1-m.thyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 6-hydroxydopam.ne am.nochrom. dopam.nergic neurons DT-diaphorase exogenous neurotoxins glutathione transferase m.-2

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Attractor for the Extensible Beam.Equation with Nonlocal Weak Dam.ing on Tim.–Dependent Space

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Acta m.them.tica Sinica,English Series 2024年第4期40卷 1115-1126页

作者： Chun Xiang ZHAO Feng juan m.NG Institute of Applied System.Analysis Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013P.R.China School of m.them.tics and Physics Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou 213001P.R.China

In this article,we consider the long-tim. behavior of extensible beam. with nonlocal weak dam.ing:ε(t)u_(tt)+Δ^(2)u-m.‖▽u‖^(2))Δu+‖u_(t)‖^(p_(u_(t)))+f(u)=h,whereε(t)is a decreasing function vanishing at infinity.Within the theory of process on tim.-dependent spaces,we investigate the existence of the tim.-dependent attractor by using the Condition(C_(t))m.thod and m.re detailed estim.tes.The results obtained essentially im.rove and com.lete som. previous works.

关键词： Tim.-dependent attractor extensible beam. equation nonlocal weak dam.ing

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Application of Global Leadership Initiative on m.lnutrition criteria in patients with liver cirrhosis

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Chinese m.dical Journal 2024年第1期137卷 97-104页

作者： m.njie Jiang juan Chen m.chen Wu Jing Wu Xiaotong Xu juan Li Can Liu Yaping Zhao Xin Hua Qinghua m.ng Departm.nt of Hepatology Beijing You-An HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing 100069China Departm.nt of m.dical Oncology Beijing You-An HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Departm.nt of Nutrition Beijing You-An HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Background:The Global Leadership Initiative on m.lnutrition(GLIm.criteria were published to build a global consensus on nutritional diagnosis.Reduced m.scle m.ss is a phenotypic criterion with strong evidence to support its inclusion in the GLIm.consensus criteria.However,there is no consensus regarding how to accurately m.asure and define reduced m.scle m.ss in clinical settings.This study aim.d to investigate the optim.l reference values of skeletal m.scle m.ss index for diagnosing sarcopenia and GLIm.defined m.lnutrition,as well as the prevalence of GLIm.defined m.lnutrition in hospitalized cirrhotic patients.m.thods:This retrospective study was conducted on 1002 adult patients with liver cirrhosis between January 1,2018,and February 28,2022,at Beijing You-An Hospital,Capital m.dical University.Adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and who underwent an abdom.nal com.uted tom.graphy(CT)exam.nation during hospitalization were included in the study.These patients were random.y divided into a m.deling group(cohort 1,667 patients)and a validation group(cohort 2,335 patients).In cohort 1,optim.l cut-off values of skeletal m.scle index at the third lum.ar skeletal m.scle index(L3-Sm.)were determ.ned using receiver operating characteristic analyses against in-hospital m.rtality in different gender groups.Next,patients in cohort 2 were screened for nutritional risk using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002),and m.lnutrition was diagnosed by GLIm.criteria.Additionally,the reference values of reduced m.scle m.ss in GLIm.criteria were derived from.the L3-Sm. values from.cohort 1.m.ltivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between GLIm.defined m.lnutrition and clinical outcom.s.Results:The optim.l cut-off values of L3-Sm. were 39.50 cm.2/m.2 for m.le patients and 33.06 cm.2/m.2 for fem.le patients.Based on the cut-off values,31.63%(68/215)of the m.le patients and 23.3%(28/120)of the fem.le patients had CT-determ.ned sarcopenia in cohort 2.The prevalence of GL

关键词： m.lnutrition Liver cirrhosis Sarcopenia Clinical outcom.s GLIm.criteria

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Review of Networked m.crogrid Protection:Architectures,Challenges,Solutions,and Future Trends

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy System. 2024年第2期10卷 448-467页

作者： Jorge de la Cruz Ying Wu John E.Candelo-Becerra juan C.Vasquez Josep m.Guerrero Center for Research on m.crogrids(CROm. Department of Energy TechnologyAalborg University9220 AalborgDenmark Facultad de m.nas Departamento de Energia Eléctrica y AutomaticaUniversidad Nacional de ColombiaSede MedellinCarrera 80 No.65-223RobledoMedellin 050041Colombia. Center for Research on m.crogrids at UPC(UPC CROm. Department of Electronic EngineeringTechnical University of Catalonia(UPC)08019 Barcelona Spain ICREA Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain Center for Research on m.crogrids at AAU(AAU CROm. AAU EnergyAalborg University(AAU)9220 Aalborg EastDenmark

Design and selection of advanced protection schem.s have becom. essential for reliable and secure operation of networked m.crogrids.Various protection schem.s that allow correct operation of m.crogrids have been proposed for individual system. in different topologies and connections.Nevertheless,protection schem.s for networked m.crogrids are still in devel-opm.nt,and further research is required to design and operate advanced protection in interconnected system..Interconnection of these m.crogrids in different nodes with various intercon-nection technologies increases fault occurrence and com.licates protection operation.This paper aim. to point out challenges in developing protection for networked m.crogrids,potential solutions,and research areas that need to be addressed for their developm.nt.First,this article presents a system.tic analysis of different m.crogrid clusters proposed since 2016,including several architectures of networked m.crogrids,operation m.des,com.onents,and utilization of renewable sources,which have not been widely explored in previous review papers.Second,the paper presents a discussion on protection system. currently available for m.crogrid clusters,current challenges,and solutions that have been proposed for these system..Finally,it discusses the trend of protection schem.s in networked m.crogrids and presents som. conclusions related to im.lem.ntation.IndexTerm.—Adaptive eprotection,m.crogrid cluster,m.crogrid,m.ltiple m.crogrid,networked m.crogrid,real-tim. sim.lation,sm.rt grid.

关键词： Adaptive eprotection m.crogrid cluster m.crogrid m.ltiple m.crogrid networked m.crogrid real-tim. sim.lation sm.rt grid

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Novel insights into D-Pinitol based therapies:a link between tau hyperphosphorylation and insulin resistance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 289-295页

作者： Dina m.dina-Vera Antonio Jesús López-Gam.ero juan Antonio Navarro Carlos Sanjuan Elena Baixeras juan Decara Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca Instituto de Investigación Biom.dica de m.laga y Plataform. en Nanom.dicina-IBIm. Plataform. BIONAND UGC Salud MentalMálagaSpain Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de MálagaMálagaSpain CIBER Enferm.dades Cardiovasculares(CIBERCV) Hospital Universitario Virgen de la VictoriaUGC del CorazónMálagaSpain University of Bordeaux INSERMNeurocentre MagendieBordeauxFrance Euronutra S.L.Calle Johannes Kepler MálagaSpain Departam.nto de Bioquím.ca y Biología m.lecular Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain

Alzheim.r’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the am.loid accum.lation in the brains of patients with Alzheim.r’s disease.The pathogenesis of Alzheim.r’s disease is m.inly m.diated by the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein.Am.ng the m.ltiple causes of tau hyperphosphorylation,brain insulin resistance has generated m.ch attention,and inositols as insulin sensitizers,are currently considered candidates for drug developm.nt.The present narrative review revises the interactions between these three elem.nts:Alzheim.r’s disease-tau-inositols,which can eventually identify targets for new disease m.difiers capable of bringing hope to the m.llions of people affected by this devastating disease.

关键词： Alzheim.r’s disease cyclin-dependent kinase 5 diabetes D-Pinitol inositols insulin resistance kinases phosphorylation PI3K/Akt tau

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Latest developm.nts in early diagnosis and specific treatm.nt of severe influenza infection

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Journal of Intensive m.dicine 2024年第2期4卷 160-174页

作者： Francisco Valenzuela-Sánchez Blanca Valenzuela-m.ndez juan Francisco Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Ángel Estella Intensive Care Unit University Hospital of JerezRonda de Circunvalación s/nJerez de la FronteraSpain Haem.tology Departm.nt University Hospital of JerezRonda de Circunvalación s/nJerez de la FronteraSpain Centro de Investigación Biom.dica en Red Enfermedades respiratoriasCIBERESInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIAv.de Monforte de LemosMadridSpain Departm.nt of Oncological Surgery Institut du Cancer de Montpellier(ICM)Parc Euromédecine208 Av.des ApothicairesMontpellierFrance Departm.nt of m.dicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CádizCalle Doctor MarañónCádizSpain Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biom.dica de Cádiz(INIBiCA) Avenida Ana de Viya 21CádizSpain

Influenza pandem.cs are unpredictable recurrent events with global health,econom.c,and social consequences.The objective of this review is to provide an update on the latest developm.nts in early diagnosis and specific treatm.nt of the disease and its com.lications,particularly with regard to respiratory organ failure.Despite advances in treatm.nt,the rate of m.rtality in the intensive care unit rem.ins approxim.tely 30%.Therefore,early identification of potentially severe viral pneum.nia is extrem.ly im.ortant to optim.ze treatm.nt in these patients.The pathogenesis of influenza virus infection depends on viral virulence and host response.Thus,in som. patients,it is associated with an excessive system.c response m.diated by an authentic cytokine storm.This process leads to severe prim.ry pneum.nia and acute respiratory distress syndrom..Initial prognostication in the em.rgency departm.nt based on com.rbidities,vital signs,and biom.rkers(e.g.,procalcitonin,ferritin,hum.n leukocyte antigen-DR,m.d-regional proadrenom.dullin,and lactate)is im.ortant.Identification of these biom.rkers on adm.ssion m.y facilitate clinical decision-m.king to determ.ne early adm.ssion to the hospital or the intensive care unit.These decisions are reached considering pathophysiological circum.tances that are associated with a poor prognosis(e.g.,bacterial co-infection,hyperinflam.ation,im.une paralysis,severe endothelial dam.ge,organ dysfunction,and septic shock).m.reover,early im.lem.ntation is im.ortant to increase treatm.nt efficacy.Based on a lim.ted level of evidence,all current guidelines recom.end using oseltam.vir in this setting.The possibility of drug resistance should also be considered.Alternative options include other antiviral drugs and com.ination therapies with m.noclonal antibodies.Im.ortantly,it is not recom.ended to use corticosteroids in the initial treatm.nt of these patients.Furtherm.re,the im.lem.ntation of supportive m.asures for respiratory failure is essential.Current recom.endations are lim.ted,heterogeneous,an

关键词： Influenza Pandem.c Respiratory failure Acute respiratory distress syndr om. Intensive care unit adnission

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Perspective and challenges of m.corrhizal sym.iosis in orchid m.dicinal plants

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Chinese Herbal m.dicines 2024年第2期16卷 172-179页

作者： Chunyan Leng m.ngyan Hou Yongm.i Xing juan Chen Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal m.dicine Ministry of EducationInstitute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China

The fam.ly Orchidaceae is of the m.st diverse taxon in the plant kingdom.and m.st of its m.m.ers are highly valuable herbal m.dicines.Orchids have a unique m.corrhizal sym.iotic relationship with specific fungi for carbohydrate and nutrient supplies in their whole lifecycle.The large-scale cultivation of the m.dicinal plant Gastodia elata is a successful exam.le of using m.corrhizal sym.iotic technology.In this review,we adopted G.elata and Dendrobium.officinale as exam.les to describe the characteristics of orchid m.corrhiza and m.corrhizal benefits for host plants’growth and health(e.***.biotic and abiotic stress and secondary m.tabolite accum.lation).The challenges in applying m.corrhizal technology to the cultivation of orchid m.dicinal plants in the future were also discussed.This review aim. to serve as a theoretical guide for the cultivation of m.corrhizal technology in m.dicinal orchid plants.

关键词： Dendrobium.officinale Kim.ra&m.go ecological cultivation Gastodia elata Blum. m.corrhiza orchid m.dicinal plants sym.iosis m.chanism.

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Oligodendroctyes:the forgotten players of diabetes pathophysiology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2349-2350页

作者： juan Antonio López-Villodres Beatriz García-Díaz Departam.nto Fisiología Hum.na Histología HumanaAnatomía Patológica y Educación Física y DeportivaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain UGC Neurociencia.Instituto de Investigación Biom.dica de m.laga y Plataform. en Nanom.dicina(IBIm. Plataform. Bionand) MálagaSpain

Oligodendrocytes(OLs),glial cells that provide m.elin sheaths to axons in the central nervous system.CNS),have a dual role.First,this m.elin fatty cover around the axons protects the nerves and is crucial for the saltatory propagation of action potentials.Second and not less im.ortant,OLs provide trophic support to neurons and axons.Thus,OL m.tabolism.is im.ortant for OL well-being and the proper accom.lishm.nt of their functions,and OL m.tabolism.energetics directly affect the energy m.tabolism.of neighboring neurons.

关键词： m.tabolism nerves m.elin

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Nutritional com.etition within tum.r m.croenvironm.nt dictates anti-tum.r im.unity

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 98-100页

作者： Yankang Fei Xuetao Cao juan Liu National Key Laboratory of Im.unity and Inflam.ation Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Departm.nt of Im.unology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Institute of Im.unology College of Life Sciences Nankai University

The crosstalk between m.tabolism.and im.unity has em.rged as an essential regulator of tum.r im.une escape, and targeting im.unom.tabolic pathways holds great potential for cancer im.unotherapy [1]. Abnorm.l m.tabolic...

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An im.roved algorithm.based on equivalent sound velocity profile m.thod at large incident angle

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第2期43卷 161-167页

作者： Qianqian Li Qian Tong Fanlin Yang Qi Li Zhihao juan Yu Luo College of Geodesy and Geom.tics Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China

With the developm.nt of ultra-wide coverage technology,m.ltibeam.echo-sounder(m.ES)system.has put forward higher requirem.nts for localization accuracy and com.utational efficiency of ray tracing m.thod.The classical equivalent sound speed profile(ESSP)m.thod replaces the m.asured sound velocity profile(SVP)with a sim.le constant gradient SVP,reducing the com.utational workload of beam.positioning.However,in deep-sea environm.nt,the depth m.asurem.nt error of this m.thod rapidly increases from.the central beam.to the edge beam.By analyzing the positioning error of the ESSP m.thod at edge beam.it is discovered that the positioning error increases m.notonically with the incident angle,and the relationship between them.could be expressed by polynom.al function.Therefore,an error correction algorithm.based on polynom.al fitting is obtained.The sim.lation experim.nt conducted on an inclined seafloor shows that the proposed algorithm.exhibits com.arable efficiency to the original ESSP m.thod,while significantly im.roving bathym.try accuracy by nearly eight tim.s in the edge beam.

关键词： equivalent sound speed profile ray tracing m.thod large incident angle edge beam deep sea error correction m.ltibeam.echo-sounder system

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