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Clinical and demographic features of patients undergoing videocapsule endoscopy management:A descriptive study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 424-431页

作者： María C Mejía luis G Piñeros luis M Pombo Laura A León Jenny A Velásquez Aníbal A teherán Karen P Ayala Research Center Fundación Universitaria Juan N.CorpasBogotá111321Colombia Fundación Universitaria juan N.Corpas Bogotá111321Colombia Department of Gastroenterology Universidad Militar Nueva GranadaBogotá111711Colombia Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario Clínica San RafaelBogotá111711Colombia

BACKGROUND Video-capsule endoscopy(VCE)is an efficient tool that has proven to be highly useful in approaching several gastrointestinal *** was implemented in Colombia in 2003,however current characterization of patients undergoing VCE in Colombia is limited,and mainly comes from two investigations conducted before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic *** To describe the characteristics of patients undergoing VCEs and establish the main indications,findings,technical limitations,and other outstanding *** A descriptive study was carried out using data from reports of VCE(PillCam SB3 system)use in a Gastroenterology Unit in Bogotá,Colombia between September 2019 and January *** and clinical variables such as indication for the VCE,gastric and small bowel transit times(GTT,SBTT),endoscopic preparation quality,and limitations were described[n(%),median(IQR)].RESULTS A total of 133 VCE reports were *** were in men with a median age of 70 *** majority had good preparation(96.2%),and there were technical limitations in 15.8%of *** main indications were unexplained anemia(91%)or occult bleeding(23.3%).The median GTT and SBTT were 14 and 30 minutes,*** frequencies of bleeding stigma(3.79%)and active bleeding(9.09%)were low,and the most frequent abnormal findings were red spots(28.3%),erosions(17.6%),and vascular ectasias(12.5%).CONCLUSION VCE showed high-level *** main indication was unexplained *** bleeding was the most frequent *** with artificial intelligence,VCE can improve diagnostic precision and targeted therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Endoscopy Video-capsule endoscopy Capsule endoscopy Gastrointestinal diseases Observational study Gastrointestinal bleeding

Woody plant taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity decrease along elevational gradients in Andean tropical montane forests:Environmental filtering and arrival of temperate taxa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 491-501页

作者： Guillermo Bañares-de-Dios Manuel J.Macía Gabriel Arellano Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda Julia Vega-álvarez Itziar Arnelas Carlos I.Espinosa Norma Salinas luis Cayuela Departamento de Biología y Geología Física y Química InorgánicaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain Departamento de Biología Área de BotánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global(CIBC-UAM) Universidad Autónoma de MadridCalle Darwin 2MadridES-28049Spain Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Oikobit LLC ***AlbuquerqueNM87120USA Real Jardín Botánico–CSIC Plaza Murillo 2MadridES-28014Spain Departamento de Biología Animal EcologíaParasitologíaEdafología y Química AgrícolaUniversidad de SalamancaCalle Donantes de Sangre s/nSalamancaES-37007Spain Departamento de Biodiversidad Ecología y EvoluciónUniversidad Complutense de MadridCalle JoséAntonio Nováis 12Ciudad UniversitariaES-28040Spain Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad Técnica Particular de LojaA.P.11-01-608 LojaEcuador Sección Química Pontificia Universidad Católica del PerúA.P.Lima 32LimaPeru ECI School of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of OxfordOX13QYOxfordshireUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Global(IICG-URJC) Universidad Rey Juan CarlosCalle Tulipán s/nMóstolesMadridES-28933Spain

Mountains are paramount for exploring biodiversity patterns due to the mosaic of topographies and climates encompassed over short *** research has traditionally focused on taxonomic diversity when investigating changes along elevational gradients,but other facets should be *** first time,we simultaneously assessed elevational trends in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants in Andean tropical montane forests and explored their underlying ecological and evolutionary *** investigation covered four transects(traversing ca.2200 m a.s.l.) encompassing 114 plots of 0.1 ha across a broad latitudinal range(ca.10°).Using Hill numbers to quantify abundance-based diversity among 37,869 individuals we observed a consistent decrease in taxonomic,functional,and phylogenetic diversity as elevation increased,although the decrease was less pronounced for higher Hill *** exception was a slight increase in phylogenetic diversity when dominant species were *** decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity might be attributed to an environmental filtering process towards highlands,where the increasingly harsher conditions exclude species and functional ***,the differences in steepness decrease between Hill orders suggest that rare species disproportionately contribute to functional *** phylogenetic diversity the shifting elevational trend between Hill orders indicates a greater than previously considered influence in central Andean highlands of tropical lowlands originated species with strong niche conservatism relative to distantly related temperate *** could be explained by a decreasing presence and abundance of temperate,extratropical taxa towards the central Andes relative to northern or southern Andes,where they are more prevalent.

关键词： Altitudinal gradients Andes Environmentalﬁltering Out of the Tropical Lowlands Functional rarity Tropical Niche Conservatism

The political economy of city diplomacy

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Economic and Political Studies 2022年第2期10卷 228-249页

作者： juan luis Manfredi-Sanchez Department of International Studies&Journalism University of Castilla-La ManchaToledoSpain

City diplomacy is a major trend in the soft power *** cities face daily political issues deriving from globalisation(such as mass tourism,migration,climate change,and commodifi-cation of culture),they demand for,rather than contesting with a nationstate,an operational reinterpretation of sovereignty ori-ented to solve *** economy approach is a useful method to understand the role of global cities where the nation state has many *** global city establishes rules to influence international legal development and practice,even with-out a traditional legal basis(such as sovereignty,monopoly on violence,and legal exclusivity).As these‘superstar cities’grow,other cities are losing opportunities to develop and take advan-tage of *** risk of inter-urban inequality feeds *** will become the middle power in global political organisations in the future,and political economy will shed light on how power and values operate at the urban level.

关键词： City diplomacy leadership political economy sanctuary city urban agenda

Reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide and plant cell death associated with caspase-like protease activity during somatic embryogenesis in Fraxinus mandshurica

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第3期33卷 1005-1017页

作者： Hao Wang Dongyan Zhang juan luis Fernández-Lorenzo Hailong Shen Ling Yang State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding School of ForestryNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040People’s Republic of China Crop Production Department High Polytechnique School of EngineeringSantiago de Compostela UniversityLugoSpain

Programmed cell death occurs in browning explants of Fraxinus mandshurica during somatic embryogenesis, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, single cotyledons of zygotic embryos of F. mandshurica were used as explants. Mitochondrial structure and function, caspase-3-like protease activity, hydrogen peroxide metabolism, and nitric oxide accumulation induced by high concentrations of sucrose and plant growth regulators were studied. The results show that plant growth regulators induced somatic embryogenesis and also promoted explant browning. High sucrose concentrations had similar effects. High concentrations of sucrose and plant growth regulators led to the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide which induced changes in mitochondrial structure and function such as modifications in mitochondrial morphology, increased membrane permeability, decreased membrane potential, and the release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm. An increase in caspase-3-like protease activity triggered programmed cell death in some browning explant cells. During somatic embryogenesis there were increased activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase, which are associated with hydrogen peroxide metabolism and jointly maintain reactive oxygen species levels. Intracellular nitric oxide synthase and nitrate reductase activities were not significantly correlated with nitric oxide content. Instead, intracellular nitric oxide may be derived from non-enzymatic reactions. Our results indicate that hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide may function as signals, playing key roles in somatic embryogenesis and programmed cell death of explant cells of F. mandshurica. The interaction between nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species determines the occurrence of programmed cell death in explant cells;somatic embryogenesis and programmed cell death are positively regulated by hydrogen peroxide. However, the regulation of nitric oxide is complex.

关键词： Manchurian ash Somatic embryogenesis Programmed cell death Mitochondria Reactive oxide species Nitric oxide

Portal Venous Thrombosis and Splenic Hemangioma, Secondary to Acute Pancreatitis: Case Report

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期14卷 11-17页

作者： Gustavo Adolfo Hernández Valdez Harvey Yair Zamora Veliz Estefany Gilberty Mendoza Verdin Quitzia Mayanim Rentería Fonseca Itzel Velázquez Viniegra Janette Alejandra Gamiño Gutierrez Diana Rita Velázquez Jimenez Florencio Favian Andrade luis Fernando Baez Bustos Jorge Morales Rojas María Jacqueline Martínez tejeda Graciela Gaddy Robles Martínez juan Antonio Contreras Escamilla Departamento de Medicina Interna ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP Tepic Nayarit México General Surgery Department ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP Tepic Nayarit México Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde Guadalajara Jalisco México

We present an unusual case of portal vein thrombosis with a splanchnic hemangioma secondary to acute biliary pancreatitis. We report a 45-year-old patient, who has systemic arterial hypertension in treatment, was admitted for abdominal pain in the epigastrium, with irradiation to the right hypochondrium, accompanied by nausea and vomiting of 10 occasions of bile content, physical examination with pain in the right hypochondrium, Murphy positive. We have laboratory studies with a lipase of 788, so a diagnosis of pancreatitis is made with an etiology to be determined. The laboratories suggestive of acute biliary pancreatitis (lipase 788.71);an imaging study was subsequently performed (ultrasonography) with the result of stone in the common bile duct. A laparoscopy was performed with relative improvement, so he was discharged and returned 20 days after surgery due to abdominal pain of the same intensity in the left hypochondrium. Ending his hospitalization with a splenectomy for splenic hemangioma with portal vein thrombosis.

关键词： Pancreatitis Esplenic Hemangioma Esplenectomy Portal Vein Thrombosis Surgery

Methods for discovery and characterization of cellulolytic enzymes from insects

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Insect Science 2010年第3期17卷 184-198页

作者： Jonathan D. Willis Cris Oppert juan L. jurat-fue.te. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology University of Tennessee Knoxville Tennessee USA

Cellulosic ethanol has been identified as a crucial biofuel resource due to its sustainability and abundance of cellulose feedstocks. However, current methods to obtain glucose from lignocellulosic biomass are ineffective due to recalcitrance of plant biomass. Insects have evolved endogenous and symbiotic enzymes to efficiently use lignocellulosic material as a source of metabolic glucose. Even though traditional biochemical methods have been used to identify and characterize these enzymes, the advancement of genomic and proteomic research tools are expected to allow new insights into insect digestion of cellulose. This information is highly relevant to the design of improved industrial processes ofbiofuel production and to identify potential new targets for development of insecticides. This review describes the diverse methodologies used to detect, quantify, purify, clone and express cellulolytic enzymes from insects, as well as their advantages and limitations.

关键词： biofuels cellulases cellulase discovery methods cellulase substrate insect digestive fluids lignocellulosic biomass

Expression of an endoglucanase from Tribolium castaneum （TcEG 1 ） in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 609-618页

作者： Derek Shirley Cris Oppert Todd B. Reynolds Bethany Miracle Brenda Oppert William E. Klingeman juan luis jurat-fue.te. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology University of Tennessee Department of Microbiology University of TennesseeKnoxville TN 37996 USDA-Agricultural Research Service Center for Grain and Animal Health Research Manhattan KS 66502 Department of Plant Sciences University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA

Insects are a largely unexploited resource in prospecting for novel cellulolytic enzymes to improve the production of ethanol fuel from lignocellulosic biomass. The cost of lignocellulosic ethanol production is expected to decrease by the combination of cellulose degradation （saccharification） and fermentation of the resulting glucose to ethanol in a single process, catalyzed by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae transformed to express efficient cellulases. While S. cerevisiae is an established heterologous expression system, there are no available data on the functional expression of insect cellulolytic enzymes for this species. To address this knowledge gap, S. cerevisiae was transformed to express the full-length cDNA encoding an endoglucanase from the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum （TcEG 1）, and evaluated the activity of the transgenic product （rTcEG 1）. Expression of the TcEG1 cDNA in S. cerevisiae was under control of the strong glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase promoter. Cultured transformed yeast secreted rTcEG1 protein as a functional β-1,4-endoglucanase, which allowed transformants to survive on selective media containing cellulose as the only available carbon source. Evaluation of substrate specificity for secreted rTcEG1 demonstrated endoglucanase activity, although some activity was also detected against complex cellulose substrates. Potentially relevant to uses in biofuel production rTcEG1 activity increased with pH conditions, with the highest activity detected at pH 12. Our results demonstrate the potential for functional production of an insect cellulase in S. cerevisiae and confirm the stability of rTcEG1 activity in strong alkaline environments.

关键词： biofuels insect cellulase Saccharomyces cerevisiae Tribolium castaneum yeast

Combined cell-based therapy strategies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease:focus on mesenchymal stromal cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 478-484页

作者： Jannette Rodríguez-Pallares María García-Garrote juan A.Parga Joséluis Labandeira-García Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson´s Disease Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases(CiMUS)IDISDepartment of Morphological SciencesUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases(CIBERNED) MadridSpain

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by motor impairments caused by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia *** is an effective and well-tolerated dopamine replacement ***,levodopa provides only symptomatic improvements,without affecting the underlying pathology,and is associated with side effects after long-term ***-based replacement is a promising strategy that offers the possibility to replace lost neurons in Parkinson’s disease *** studies of transplantation of human fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue have provided evidence that the grafted dopaminergic neurons can reinnervate the striatum,release dopamine,integrate into the host neural circuits,and improve motor *** of the limiting factors for cell therapy in Parkinson’s disease is the low survival rate of grafted dopaminergic *** factors could cause cell death of dopaminergic neurons after grafting such as mechanical trauma,growth factor deprivation,hypoxia,and *** factors play an essential role in the survival of grafted ***,direct,timely,and controllable delivery of neurotrophic factors into the brain faces important *** types of cells secrete neurotrophic factors constitutively and co-transplantation of these cells with dopaminergic neurons represents a feasible strategy to increase neuronal *** this review,we provide a general overview of the pioneering studies on cell transplantation developed in patients and animal models of Parkinson’s disease,with a focus on neurotrophic factor-secreting cells,with a particular interest in mesenchymal stromal cells;that co-implanted with dopaminergic neurons would serve as a strategy to increase cell survival and improve graft outcomes.

关键词： brain repair cell replacement co-grafts dopaminergic neurons fetal ventral mesencephalic tissue mesenchymal stem cells neural grafting neural transplantation neuroblasts neurotrophic factors

Lighting,colour and geometry:Which has the greatest influence on students’cognitive processes?

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第4期12卷 575-586页

作者： Marıa luisa Nole Fajardo juan luis Higuera-Trujillo Carmen Llinares Instituto Universitario de Investigacio´n en tecnologı´a Centrada en el Ser Humano(HUMAN-tech) Universitat Polite`cnica de Vale`nciaValencia 46022Spain School of Architecture Art and DesignTecnologico de MonterreyMonterrey 64849Mexico

Many studies have analysed the effects that design elements,such as lighting and colour,have on students’cognitive *** analyses,while providing useful information,do not allow researchers to compare the effects of multiple design *** objective of the present study is to analyse the relative influence of lighting,colour and geometry on attention and memory,the main cognitive functions that underlie learning,and on *** a controlled,virtual reality(VR)-based experiment,200 university students(100 male/100 female)performed attention,memory and preference tests in classrooms with different configurations of lighting(colour temperature and illuminance),colour(saturation and hue)and geometry(height and width).The results identified significant gender-based differences,which demonstrates the need to segment,by gender,samples in this type of *** had the greatest influence,significantly affecting males’memories,females’attention and the preferences of both *** was also an influential element,significantly affecting females’attention,while geometry was the least ***,it should be highlighted that attention was the metric most sensitive to design *** results may be of interest to architects,interior designers and engineers who wish to create classrooms that satisfy students’psychological needs.

关键词： Classroom design Memory Attention Preference Virtual classroom