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Characterization of contamination, source and degradation of petroleum between upland and paddy fields based on geochemical characteristics and phospholipid fatty acids

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第11期24卷 1995-2003页

作者： juan Zhang Renqing Wang Xiaoming Du Fasheng Li Jiulan Dai Environmental Research Institute Shandong UniversityJi'nan 250100China Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity School of Life SciencesShandong UniversityJi'nan 250100China Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Vegetation Ecology Shandong UniversityJi'nan 250100China Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control Chinese Research Academy of Environmental ScienceBeifing 100012China

To evaluate contamination caused by petroleum, surface soil samples were collected from both upland and paddy fields along the irrigation canals in the Hunpu wastewater irrigation region in northeast China. N-alkanes, terpanes, steranes, and phospholipid fatty acids （PLFA） in the surface soil samples were analyzed. The aliphatic hydrocarbon concentration was highest in the samples obtained from the upland field near an operational oil well; it was lowest at I-3P where wastewater irrigation promoted the downward movement of hydrocarbons. The Hunpu region was found contaminated by heavy petroleum from oxic lacustrine fresh water or marine deltaic source rocks. Geochemical parameters also indicated significantly heavier contamination and degradation in the upland fields compared with the paddy fields. Principal component analysis based on PLFA showed various microbial communities between petroleum contaminated upland and paddy fields. Gram-negative bacteria indicated by 15：0, 3OH 12：0, and 16：1（9） were significantly higher in the paddy fields, whereas Gram-positive bacteria indicated by i16：0 and 18：1（9）c were significantly higher in the upland fields （p 〈 0.05）. These PLFAs were related to petroleum contamination. Poly-unsaturated PLFA （18：2ω6, 9; indicative of hydrocarbon- degrading bacteria and fungi） was also significantly elevated in the upland fields. This paper recommends more sensitive indicators of contamination and degradation of petroleum in soil. The results also provide guidelines on soil pollution control and remediation in the Hunpu region and other similar regions.

关键词： aliphatic hydrocarbons geochemical indices phospholipid fatty acids soil wastewater irrigation

正交试验结合主成分分析法优化薄荷紫米酒工艺

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粮食与油脂 2024年第2期37卷 90-93,99页

作者：陈娟赵欣宇于斌杨云磊吕常旭烟台南山学院健康学院山东烟台265713

以紫米、薄荷为主要原料,采用液化工艺制备薄荷紫米酒。在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验结合主成分分析法优化薄荷紫米酒的制备工艺,并对其抗氧化活性进行测定。结果表明:薄荷紫米酒的最佳工艺条件为紫米与纯净水质量比1∶2.5、发酵... 详细信息

以紫米、薄荷为主要原料,采用液化工艺制备薄荷紫米酒。在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验结合主成分分析法优化薄荷紫米酒的制备工艺,并对其抗氧化活性进行测定。结果表明:薄荷紫米酒的最佳工艺条件为紫米与纯净水质量比1∶2.5、发酵时间15 d、薄荷液添加量8%(以紫米与纯净水总质量计),在此条件下制备的薄荷紫米酒口感丰富、气味清香,具有一定的抗氧化活性。

关键词：薄荷紫米酒主成分分析抗氧化活性

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全株水稻表面优势乳酸菌的筛选与鉴定

草业学报 2024年第1期33卷 117-125页

作者：黄丽娟孙镕基高文婧张志飞陈桂华湖南农业大学农学院湖南长沙410128 水稻油菜抗病育种湖南省重点实验室湖南长沙410128

本试验旨在对全株水稻表面的优势乳酸菌进行分离、筛选与鉴定,以期挖掘出青贮优良菌种资源。利用平板涂布法对全株水稻上的乳酸菌进行分离,以生长速度和产酸能力进行初筛,以抗氧化能力(H2O2耐受能力、DPPH自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子... 详细信息

本试验旨在对全株水稻表面的优势乳酸菌进行分离、筛选与鉴定,以期挖掘出青贮优良菌种资源。利用平板涂布法对全株水稻上的乳酸菌进行分离,以生长速度和产酸能力进行初筛,以抗氧化能力(H2O2耐受能力、DPPH自由基、羟自由基和超氧阴离子自由基清除率)进行复筛,对筛选出的优势乳酸菌进行生理生化特性分析和分子生物学鉴定。结果表明,从水稻植株表面共分离得到154株乳酸菌,培养48 h后,有16株OD_(600nm)值>2且pH值<4的乳酸菌,其中有9株乳酸菌具有抗氧化能力,综合表现最好的菌株是YMA3,对DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基清除率分别为72.23%、72.46%、86.33%。YMA3表现出较强的高温或酸性环境适应性,鉴定为粪肠球菌。

关键词：水稻附生乳酸菌筛选抗氧化能力生理生化特性粪肠球菌

Negative effects of Microcystis blooms on the crustacean plankton in an enclosure experiment in the subtropical China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第5期17卷 775-781页

作者： CHEN Fei-zhou XIE Ping TANG Hui-juan LIU Hong Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems State Key Laboratory for Freshwater Eeology and Biotechnology of China Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

Effects of Microcystis blooms on the crustacean plankton were studied using enclosure experiments during July-September, 2000. Eight enclosures were set in the hypereutrophic Donghu Lake. Different nutrient concentrations through additional nutrient and sediment in enclosures were expected to result in different abundance of Microcystis. From July to early August, the phytoplankton community was dominated by Chlorophyta, Cryptophyta, Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta other than Microcystis aeruginosa. M. aeruginosa showed a rapid increase during early August in all enclosures and predominated. Crustacean plankton was dominated by the herbivorous Moina micrura, Diaphanosoma brachyurum and Ceriodaphnia cornuta, and the predaceous Mesocyclops sp. and Thermocyclops taihokuensis. During the pre-bloom period, the dynamics of M. micrura population appeared to be mainly affected by the predaceous cyclopoids. With the development of Microcystis blooms, such interaction between M. micrura and cyclopoids seemed weakened, especially when the Microcystis biomass was high. But there was no apparent influence on the interaction between Leptodora kindti and its zooplanktonic prey. The density of two cyclopoids decreased with the enhancement of Microcystis. The density decline of M. micrura was caused by both predation and inhibition by Microcystis. The low food availability of other edible phytoplankton during the blooms led to low densities of both C. cornuta and D. brachyurum by late August. It appears that dense Microcystis blooms exert strong negative effects on the herbivorous cladocerans and the predaceous cyclopoids.

关键词： crustacean plankton cladocerans cyclopoids food availability Microcystis bloom

Spatial identification of poverty in mountainous cities based on the mountain poverty spatial index:A case study of Ganzhou city in 2018 in China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第11期19卷 3213-3226页

作者： WANG Jin-liang CUI Zhi-chao ZHOU Bing-juan School of Land Resources and Environment Jiangxi Agriculture UniversityNanchang 330045China Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Watershed Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Agriculture UniversityNanchang 330045China

Poverty is a severe barrier to sustainable human development and a pressing worldwide *** how to accurately assess the spatial distribution of poverty in mountain areas has become crucial for ensuring that governments at all levels take suitable poverty reduction *** this study,the mountain poverty spatial index(MPSI)was created by combining the digital elevation model(DEM),Luojia-1 night-time light imagery,point of interest(POI)data,and vegetation index *** MPSI was then used to identify the spatial characteristics of poverty at different scales in the hilly area of Ganzhou city,Jiangxi Province,*** statistics and Google satellite images were used to verify the reliability of MPSI by constructing a multidimensional poverty index(MPI)at the county *** results showed that MPSI and MPI have a positive correlation with a correlation coefficient of 0.8934(Pareas were scattered in the surrounding areas of *** addition,MPSI accurately identified poverty in mountainous areas with complex terrain in small administrative units,which can provide a more accurate way to monitor the poverty situation in the mountainous areas of *** study will be useful for providing scientific references for the Chinese government to implement targeted strategies for eradicating poverty with differentiated policies.

关键词： Mountain poverty Night-time light Remote sensing imagery Vegetation index Point of interest Synthetic human settlement index

Will China achieve its 2060 carbon neutral commitment from the provincial perspective?

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第2期13卷 169-178页

作者： Li-Li SUN Hui-juan CUI Quan-Sheng GE Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CNOOC Research Institute Ltd. Beijing 100027China

China has pledged to peak carbon emissions before 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality before ***,the significant variations of provincial carbon emissions make it unclear whether they can jointly fulfill the national carbon peak and neutrality ***,this study predicts the emission trajectories at provincial level in China by employing the extended STIRPAT(Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population,Affluence,and Technology)model to see the feasibility and time of reaching peak carbon emissions and carbon *** found that most provinces can achieve peak emission before 2030 but challenging to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060,even considering the ecological carbon *** provincial neutrality time is concentrated between 2058 and 2070;the sooner the carbon emission peaks,the earlier the carbon neutral will be *** aggregated carbon emissions at provincial level show that China can achieve its carbon emission peak of 9.64-10.71 Gt before 2030,but it is unlikely to achieve the carbon neutrality goal before 2060 without carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS).With high CCUS development,China is expected to achieve carbon neutrality in 2054-2058,irrespective of the socio-economic *** low CCUS development,China's carbon neutrality target will be achieved only under the accelerated-improvement scenario,while it will postpone to 2061 and 2064 under the continued-improvement and the business-as-usual scenarios,respectively.

关键词： China's carbon neutrality Peak emission Provincial emission CCUS STIRPAT

Diversity and Characterization of Potential H_2-Dependent Fe(Ⅲ)-Reducing Bacteria in Paddy Soils

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Pedosphere 2012年第5期22卷 673-680页

作者： LI Hui-juan PENG Jing-Jing LI Hong-Bo Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021(China) Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100059(China)

Microbial ferric iron reduction, with organic carbon or hydrogen as the electron donor, is one of the most important biogeochemical processes in anoxic paddy soils; however, the diversity and community structure of hydrogen-dependent dissimilatory iron-reducers remain unknown. Potential H2-dependent Fe（III）-reducing bacteria in paddy soils were explored using enrichment cultures with ferrihydrite or goethite as the electron acceptor and hydrogen as the electron donor. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism （T-RFLP） analysis and cloning/sequencing were conducted to reveal bacterial community structure. Results showed that Geobacter and Clost^dium were the dominant bacteria in the enrichment cultures. Fe（III） oxide mineral phases showed a strong effect on the community structure; Geobaeter and Clostridium were dominant in the ferrihydrite treatment, while Glostridium spp. were dominant in the goethite treatment. These suggested that H2-dependent Fe（lII）-redueing bacteria might be widely distributed in paddy soils and that besides Geobacter, Clostmdium spp. might also be an important group of H2-dependent Fe（III）-reducing microorganisms.

关键词： bacterial community structure Clostridium enrichment culture Geobaeter , terminal restriction fragment length poly-morphism

Differential function analysis: identifying structure and activation variations in dysregulated pathways

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第1期60卷 116-131页

作者： Chuanchao ZHANG juan LIU Qianqian SHI Tao ZENG Luonan CHEN State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering School of Computer Wuhan University Key Laboratory of Systems Biology Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

Complex diseases are generally caused by the dysregulation of biological functions rather than individual molecules. Hence, a major challenge of the systematical study on complex diseases is how to capture the differentially regulated biological functions, e.g., pathways. The traditional differential expression analysis(DEA) usually considers the changed expression values of genes rather than functions. Meanwhile, the conventional function-based analysis(e.g., PEA: pathway enrichment analysis) mainly considers the varying activation of functions but disregards the structure change of genetic elements of functions. To achieve precision medicine against complex diseases, it is necessary to distinguish both the changes of functions and their elements from heterogeneous dysregulated pathways during the disease development and progression. In this work, in contrast to the traditional DEA, we developed a new computational framework, namely differential function analysis(DFA), to identify the changes of element-structure and expression-activation of biological functions, based on comparative non-negative matrix factorization(cN MF). To validate the effectiveness of our method, we tested DFA on various datasets, which shows that DFA is able to effectively recover the differential element-structure and differential activation-score of pre-set functional groups. In particular, the analysis of DFA on human gastric cancer dataset, not only capture the changed network-structure of pathways associated with gastric cancer, but also detect the differential activations of these pathways(i.e., significantly discriminating normal samples and disease samples), which is more effective than the state-of-the-art methods, such as GSVA and Pathifier. Totally,DFA is a general framework to capture the systematical changes of genes, networks and functions of complex diseases, which not only provides the new insight on the simultaneous alterations of pathway genes and pathway activations, but a

关键词： complex disease biological function non-negative matrix factorization network structure function activation

Effects of triclosan on gonadal differentiation and development in the frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第2期30卷 157-165页

作者： juan Chen Tan Meng Yuanyuan Li Kun Gao Zhanfen Qin State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Previous studies have reported that triclosan（TCS） could possess an androgenic *** aimed to investigate the effects of TCS on gonadal differentiation and development in the frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus, a sensitive amphibian species to androgenic chemicals.P. nigromaculatus tadpoles at stage 24 were exposed to TCS（3, 30, and 300 nmol/L） to stage46 in a semi-static exposure system. At the end of exposure, gonadal morphology and histology, sex ratio and gonadal expression of sex-biased genes were examined in P. nigromaculatus. In each TCS treatment group, we found several individuals whose gonads exhibited morphological and/or histological abnormalities. Gonadal histological abnormalities were characterized by few oocytes and many somatic cells. Although the percentage of the individuals with abnormal gonads was low（7.8%） among all animals treated with TCS,statistical test revealed the sex ratios in the 3 and 300 nmol/L TCS treatment groups were significantly different from the solvent control. In the 30 nmol/L TCS treatment group,abnormal gonads were also observed, although the sex ratio was not changed compared with the solvent control, which was possibly due to the smaller sample size in this group. In all the TCS treatment groups, the sex ratios were not obviously male-biased, but the expression levels of some sex-biased genes were significantly altered by TCS. Altogether,our results suggest that TCS, even at environmentally relevant concentrations, could disrupt gonadal differentiation and development in P. nigromaculatus, but we are not sure whether the disrupting effects were associated with masculinization or feminization.

关键词： Triclosan Pelophylax nigromaculatus Gonadal abnormality Androgenic activity