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Long-term reconstruction of flash floods in the Qilian Mountains,China,based on dendrogeomorphic methods

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第11期19卷 3163-3177页

作者： QIE Jia-zhi ZHANG Yong TRAPPMANN Daniel ZHONG Yi-hua BALLESTEROS-CÁNOVAS juan antonio FAVILLIER Adrien STOFFEL Markus Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Climate Change Impacts and Risks in the Anthropocene(C-CIA) Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGeneva CH-1205Switzerland Dendrolab.ch Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GenevaGeneva CH-1205Switzerland National Museum of Natural Sciences MNCN-CSICC/Serrano 115bis28006MadridSpain Department F.-A.Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences University of GenevaGeneva CH-1205Switzerland

In China,flash floods are one of the main natural disasters causing loss of life and damage to infrastructure.The threat of flash floods is exacerbated with climate change and increased human activities,such that the number of disasters has shown a clear upward trend in recent years.However,due to the scarcity of instrumental data or overly short timeseries,we are still lacking critical data to understand spatio-temporal patterns and driving factors of extreme flash floods.This missing knowledge is however crucial for a proper management of these hazards,especially in remote mountain environments.In forested catchments,dendrogeomorphology allows the reconstruction of past process activity based on growth disturbances(GDs)in trees that have been affected by past flash floods.Therefore,in our study,for the first time,we reconstruct past flash floods in the Qilian Mountains,northeast Tibetan Plateau,over past centuries.To this end,we sampled 99 Qinghai spruce(Picea crassifolia)trees affected by flash floods,with a total of 194increment cores,and identified 302 GDs induced by past flash floods.These GDs have been caused by at least 21 flash floods that we are able to reconstruct over the last 170 years.The position of GDs within tree rings and the intra-seasonal dating of past events also allowed discussion of the likely synoptic situations that may have led to the triggering of flash floods in the past.Logistic regression analysis confirms that significant correlation exists between cumulative maximum 5-day August-September precipitation and reconstructed flash floods,which is corresponding to the majority of scars and related tangential rows of traumatic resin ducts(TRDs)found in the latewood portion of growth rings.These results support the idea that abundant precipitation occurring at the end of the summer season and early fall is the key factor driving flash floods in our study area.Our research not only fills the gaps regarding historical flash flood histories in the Qilian Mountains,but also provides a scienti

关键词： Tree ring Dendrogeomorphology Flash floods Qinghai spruce Qilian Mountains

Inducing Fe 3d Electron Delocalization and Spin‑State Transition of FeN_(4) Species Boosts Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Wearable Zinc–Air Battery

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第4期15卷 23-39页

作者： Shengmei Chen Xiongyi Liang Sixia Hu Xinliang Li Guobin Zhang Shuyun Wang Longtao Ma Chi‑Man Lawrence Wu Chunyi Zhi juan antonio Zapien Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China Sustech Core Research Facilities Southern University of Science and Technology1088 Xueyuan BlvdShenzhenGuangdong 518055People’s Republic of China Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Institute of Flexible ElectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518055People’s Republic of China

Transition metal-nitrogen-carbon materials(M-N-Cs),particularly Fe-N-Cs,have been found to be electroactive for accelerating oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)kinetics.Although substantial efforts have been devoted to design Fe-N-Cs with increased active species content,surface area,and electronic conductivity,their performance is still far from satisfactory.Hitherto,there is limited research about regulation on the electronic spin states of Fe centers for Fe-N-Cs electrocatalysts to improve their catalytic performance.Here,we introduce Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene with sulfur terminals to regulate the electronic configuration of FeN_(4) species and dramatically enhance catalytic activity toward ORR.The MXene with sulfur terminals induce the spin-state transition of FeN_(4) species and Fe 3d electron delocalization with d band center upshift,enabling the Fe(II)ions to bind oxygen in the end-on adsorption mode favorable to initiate the reduction of oxygen and boosting oxygen-containing groups adsorption on FeN_(4) species and ORR kinetics.The resulting FeN_(4)-Ti_(3)C_(2)Sx exhibits comparable catalytic performance to those of commercial Pt-C.The developed wearable ZABs using FeN_(4)-Ti_(3)C_(2)Sx also exhibit fast kinetics and excellent stability.This study confirms that regulation of the electronic structure of active species via coupling with their support can be a major contributor to enhance their catalytic activity.

关键词： Fe 3d electron delocalization Spin-state transition Oxygen reduction reaction Wearable zinc-air batteries

How to deal with right hepatic artery coming from the superior mesenteric artery during minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy: A systematic review

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2023年第2期22卷 121-127页

作者： Andrea Chierici antonio Castaldi Mohamed El Zibawi Edoardo Rosso antonio Iannelli Service de Chirurgie Digestive Centre Hospitalier d’Antibes Juan-les-PinsAntibesFrance Department of Digestive Surgery and Liver Transplantation University Hospital Center of NiceNiceFrance Department of Radiology University Hospital Center of NiceNiceFrance Department of Surgery Centre Hospitalier de LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg Faculty of Medicine UniversitéCôte d’AzurNiceFrance Inserm U1065Team 8’Hepatic Complications of Obesity and Alcohol’NiceFrance

Background: Anatomical variations in the liver arterial supply are quite common and can affect the surgical strategy when performing a minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy(MIPD). Their presence must be preemptively detected to avoid postoperative liver and biliary complications. Data sources: Following the PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane protocol we conducted a systematic review on the management of an accessory or replaced right hepatic artery(RHA) arising from the superior mesenteric artery when performing an MIPD. Results: Five studies involving 118 patients were included. The most common reported management of the aberrant RHA was conservative(97.0%);however, patients undergoing aberrant RHA division without reconstruction did not develop liver or biliary complications. No differences in postoperative morbidity or long-term oncological related overall survival were reported in all the included studies when comparing MIPD in patients with standard anatomy to those with aberrant RHA. Conclusions: MIPD in patients with aberrant RHA is feasible without increase in morbidity and mortality. As preoperative strategy is crucial, we suggested planning an MIPD with an anomalous RHA focusing on preoperative vascular aberrancy assessment and different strategies to reduce the risk of liver ischemia.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreaticoduodenectomy Hepatic artery Superior mesenteric artery

Whole lesion histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient predicts therapy response in locally advanced rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第23期28卷 2609-2624页

作者： Mayra Evelia Jiménez de los Santos juan Armando Reyes-Pérez Victor Domínguez Osorio Yolanda Villaseñor-navarro Liliana Moreno-Astudillo Itzel Vela-Sarmiento Isabel Sollozo-Dupont Department of Radiology National Cancer InstituteMexico 14080Mexico Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery National Cancer InstituteMexico 14080Mexico

BACKGROUND Whole-tumor apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)histogram analysis is relevant to predicting the neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy(nCRT)response in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer(LARC).AIM To evaluate the performance of ADC histogram-derived parameters for predicting the outcomes of patients with LARC.METHODS This is a single-center,retrospective study,which included 48 patients with LARC.All patients underwent a pre-treatment magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)scan for primary tumor staging and a second restaging MRI for response evaluation.The sample was distributed as follows:18 responder patients(R)and 30 non-responders(non-R).Eight parameters derived from the whole-lesion histogram analysis(ADCmean,skewness,kurtosis,and ADC10^(th),25^(th),50^(th),75^(th),90^(th) percentiles),as well as the ADCmean from the hot spot region of interest(ROI),were calculated for each patient before and after treatment.Then all data were compared between R and non-R using the Mann-Whitney U test.Two measures of diagnostic accuracy were applied:the receiver operating characteristic curve and the diagnostic odds ratio(DOR).We also reported intra-and interobserver variability by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).RESULTS Post-nCRT kurtosis,as well as post-nCRT skewness,were significantly lower in R than in non-R(both P<0.001,respectively).We also found that,after treatment,R had a larger loss of both kurtosis and skewness than non-R(Δ%kurtosis and Δ skewness,P<0.001).Other parameters that demonstrated changes between groups were post-nCRT ADC10^(th),Δ%ADC10^(th),Δ%ADCmean,and ROIΔ%ADCmean.However,the best diagnostic performance was achieved byΔ%kurtosis at a threshold of 11.85%(Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[AUC]=0.991,DOR=376),followed by post-nCRT kurtosis=0.78×10^(-3)mm^(2)/s(AUC=0.985,DOR=375.3),Δskewness=0.16(AUC=0.885,DOR=192.2)and post-nCRT skewness=1.59×10^(-3)mm^(2)/s(AUC=0.815,DOR=168.6).Finally,intraclass correlation coefficient analysis showed excellent in

关键词： Apparent diffusion coefficient Diffusion-weighted imaging Histogram analysis Magnetic resonance imaging Locally advanced rectal cancer

Chemotherapy induces cell plasticity;controlling plasticity increases therapeutic response

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第8期8卷 3563-3566页

作者： Francisco J.Iborra Cristina Martí Virtu Calabuig-navarro Petros Papadopoulos Salvador Meseguer Pedro M.Iborra Francisco García antonio Martínez-Lorente Fernando Almazán juana Calabuig Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felípe(Associated Unit to Instituto de Biomedicína de Valencia) ValenciaSpain Pathology and Molecular Therapy Department Instituto de Biomedicína de Valencia(IBV)CSICValenciaSpain Molecular and Cellular Biology Department Centro Nacional de Biotecnología(CNB)CSICMadridSpain Hematology Department Hospital Clínico San CarlosMadridSpain Medical Systems Biology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland IC Biomed AlicanteSpain VinalopóHospitals Elcheand Biotechnology DepartmentUniversidad de AlicanteAlicanteSpain

Dear Editor,One of the most serious issues in modern oncology is the ineffectiveness of treatments in destroying tumours,which leads to tumour recurrence and,ultimately,patient death.This phenomenon is caused by conventional therapies’fractional killing of tumour cells,which can also cause resistant cells to spread.1 We analysed chemotherapy-resistant cells and discovered that they are smaller than untreated cells(Fig.1a).The fact that this phenomenon occurs in all tested cell types(Hela,A549,Huh7,and MCF7)and regardless of the chemotherapy regimen(TRAIL,Camptothecin,Doxorubicin)suggests that it is a widespread phenomenon(Fig.1a,Supplementary Fig.S1).

关键词： chemotherapy tumour plasticity

Single-stage laparoscopic management of acute gallstone pancreatitis:outcomes at different timings

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第3期15卷 297-301页

作者： antonio navarro-Sanchez Hutan Ashrafian Aggelos Laliotis Kamran Qurashi Alberto Martinez-Isla Northwick Park and St Mark's Hospital North West London Hospitals NHS TrustWatford RoadHarrowMiddlesexLondonHA1 3UJUK Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London10th Floor QEQM BuildingSt Mary's HospitalPraed StreetW2 1NYUK Guy's and St.Thomas'NHS Foundation Trust Great Maze PondLondonSE1 9RT and Westminster Bridge RoadLondonSE1 7EHUK Ealing Hospital NHS Trust Ux-bridge RdSouthallMiddlesexUB1 3HWUK

BACKGROUND： Definitive therapy for gallstone pancreatitis requires eradication of gallstones with cholecystectomy and common bile duct （CBD） clearance. Current guidelines rec- ommend this be done within the same admission and prefer- ably by laparoscopic cholecystectomy and CBD exploration. We report our experience of laparoscopic single-stage manage- ment with cholecystectomy and intraoperative cholangiogram followed by laparoscopic bile duct exploration （LBDE） when necessary performed at three different stages.

关键词： bile duct cholecystectomy pancreatitis

Current and emerging therapies for alcohol-associated hepatitis

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Liver Research 2023年第1期7卷 35-46页

作者： Francisco Idalsoaga Gustavo Ayares Luis antonio Díaz Jorge Arnold María Ayala-Valverde David Hudson Marco Arrese juan Pablo Arab Department of Gastroenterology School of MedicinePontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiagoChile Internal Medicine Service Hospital El PinoCritical Patient UnitClinica DavilaSantiagoChile Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSchulich School of MedicineWestern University&London Health Sciences CentreLondonOntarioCanada Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Schulich School of MedicineWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Alimentiv LondonOntarioCanada

Alcohol-related liver disease(ALD)encompasses a spectrum of diseases caused by excessive alcohol consumption.ALD includes hepatic steatosis,steatohepatitis,variable degrees of fibrosis,cirrhosis,and alcohol-associated hepatitis(AH),the latter being the most severe acute form of the disease.Severe AH is associated with high mortality(reaching up to 30%e50%)at 90 days.The cornerstone of ALD,and particularly AH,treatment continues to be abstinence,accompanied by support measures such as nutritional supplementation and management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome(AWS).In severe AH with model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score21,corticosteroids can be used,especially MELD score between 25 and 39,where the highest benefit is achieved.Other key aspects of treatment include the early identification of infections and their associated management and the proper identification of potential candidates for liver transplantation.The development of new therapies based on the pathophysiology and mechanisms of liver injury are underway.This includes the modulation and management of the innate immune response,gut dysbiosis,bacterial translocation,and bacteria-derived products from the intestine.These hold promise for the future of AH treatment.

关键词： Alcohol-associated hepatitis(AH) Alcohol-related liver disease(ALD) Alcohol use disorder(AUD) AUD treatment Nutritional therapy Steroids therapy Cirrhosis Fibrosis

Risk Factors Associated with Unsuccessful Vaginal Birth after One Cesarean (VBAC-1) in Puerto Rico

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第6期14卷 888-902页

作者： Irazú Guinan Marjorie Suárez Fabiola Angulo Luis Mayol Paula Suárez Lisandris Dominicci Nathalie Chang Saribel Torres antonio Rodríguez Raymond L. Tremblay Maricarmen Colón-Díaz Department of Physiology and Pathology San Juan Bautista School of Medicine Caguas USA

Background: Cesarean section (CS) has increased steadily over the last decade, with an estimated one-third of women delivering by cesarean section worldwide. Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the demographic and associated factors influencing vaginal birth after one cesarean (VBAC-1) success focusing on variables like pre-pregnancy BMI, diabetes, hypertension, education, and smoking. Study Design and Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed 285 cases (81 unsuccessful VBAC-1, 204 successful VBAC-1) from San juan City Hospital (Puerto Rico) between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. We used odds ratios and model selection comparison to assess the impact of variables on successful VBAC-1, using a significance threshold of 95% CI. Model selection assessed binomial model combinations using a generalized linear approach to identify key risk factors. Results: Unsuccessful VBAC-1 (a repeat cesarean), was associated with diabetes (OR: 0.376, p = 0.086), hypertension (OR: 0.23, p = 0.006), and university-educated women (OR: 1.372, p = 0.711). High school-educated women had an OR of 3.966 (p = 0.105), while overweight women were 0.481 times more likely to have unsuccessful VBAC-1 (p = 0.041). Significant associations were not found with obesity (OR: 0.574, p = 0.122), underweight/normal (OR: 1.01, p = 0.810), or smoking (OR: 1.227, p = 0.990). Conclusion: Results revealed women with higher education levels, hypertension, or diabetes are less likely to have a successful VBAC-1. Understanding the complex interactions affecting these outcomes is aimed at establishing guidelines for healthcare professionals to conduct systematic risk/benefit assessments. This study lays a foundation for evidence-based practices and policies, offering initial insights into VBAC-1 success factors in Puerto Rico.

关键词： Diabetes Hypertension Obesity Trial of Labor Vaginal Birth after Cesarean

Analysis of doping control test results in individual and team sports from 2003 to 2015

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第2期9卷 160-169页

作者： Millan Aguilar-navarro Jesus Munoz-Guerra Maria del Mar Plara juan Del Cosoa Exercise Physiology Laboratory Camilo Jose Cela UniversityMadrid28692Spain Faculty of Education Francisco de Vitoria UniversityMadrid28223Spain Department for Doping Control Spanish Agency for Health Protection in SportMadrid28016Spain Department of Education Spanish Agency for Health Protection in SportMadrid28016Spain

Background:Determining the prevalence of doping in sport might be useful for anti-doping authorities to gauge the effectiveness of anti-doping policies implemented to prevent positive attitudes toward doping.Using questionnaires and personal interviews,previous investigations have found that the prevalence of doping might be different among different sports disciplines;however,there is no sport-specific information about the proportion of adverse and atypical findings(AAF) in samples used for doping control.The aim of the present investigation was to assess the differences in the frequency of adverse analytical and atypical findings among sports using the data made available by the World Anti-Doping Agency.Methods:The data included in this investigation were gathered from the Testing Figures Reports made available annually from 2003 to 2015 by the World Anti-Doping Agency.These Testing Figures Reports include information about the number of samples analyzed,the number of AAFs reported,and the most commonly found drugs in the urine and blood samples analyzed.A total of 1,347,213 samples were analyzed from the individual sports selected for this investigation,and 698,371 samples were analyzed for disciplines catalogued as team sports.Results:In individual sports,the highest proportions of AAF were 3.3%±1.0% in cycling,3.0%±0.6% in weightlifting,and 2.9%±0.6% in boxing.In team sports,the highest proportions of AAF were 2.2%±0.5% in ice hockey,2.0%±0.5% in rugby,and 2.0%±0.5% in basketball.Gymnastics and skating had the lowest proportions at(≤1.0%) for individual sports,and field hockey,volleyball and football had the lowest proportions for team sports(≤1.4%).Conclusion:As suggested by the analysis,the incidence of AAF was not uniform across all sports disciplines,with the different proportions pointing to an uneven use of banned substances depending on the sport.This information might be useful for increasing the strength and efficacy of anti-doping policies in those sports with the highest prevalence in the use of

关键词： Anti-doping Attitude Banned drugs Elite athlete Type of sport