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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua Jo Jonggeol Na J.Jay Liu Young-ju kim Wangyun Won Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University Department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research Department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy

Apolipoprotein A-I binding protein-mediated neuroprotection in glaucomatous neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1414-1415页

作者： Sinwoo Hwang Seunghwan Choi Soo-Ho Choi Keun-Young kim Yury I.Miller Won-Kyu ju Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute The Viterbi Family Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Glaucoma is a multifactorial eye disorder that can cause vision loss and irreversible blindness,affecting individ uals aged 40 to 80 yea rs *** to the aging population,it is expected that the number of people affected by glaucoma will surpass 111 million by 2040 as the disease becomes more *** primarily contributes to optic nerve axon loss and the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),subsequently leading to vision impairment.

关键词： irreversible pass primarily

Optimal concentration of mesenchymal stem cells for fracture healing in a rat model with long bone fracture

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2022年第12期14卷 839-850页

作者： myung-Seo kim Hyun-ju Chung Kang-Il kim Department of Orthopaedic Surgery School of MedicineKyung Hee University and Kyung Hee University Hospital at GangdongSeoul 05278South Korea Department of Core Research Laboratory Clinical Research InstituteKyung Hee University Hospital at GangdongSeoul 05278South Korea

BACKGROUND There is still no consensus on which concentration of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)to use for promoting fracture healing in a rat model of long bone *** To assess the optimal concentration of MSCs for promoting fracture healing in a rat *** Wistar rats were divided into four groups according to MSC concentrations:Normal saline(C),2.5×10^(6)(L),5.0×10^(6)(M),and 10.0×10^(6)(H)*** MSCs were injected directly into the fracture *** rats were sacrificed at 2 and 6 wk *** bone formation[bone volume(BV)and percentage BV(PBV)]was evaluated using micro-computed tomography(CT).Histological analysis was performed to evaluate fracture healing *** protein expression of factors related to MSC migration[stromal cell-derived factor 1(SDF-1),transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1)]and angiogenesis[vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)]was evaluated using western blot *** expression of cytokines associated with osteogenesis[bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2),TGF-β1 and VEGF]was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain *** Micro-CT showed that BV and PBV was significantly increased in groups M and H compared to that in group C at 6 wk post-fracture(P=0.040,P=0.009;P=0.004,P=0.001,respectively).Significantly more cartilaginous tissue and immature bone were formed in groups M and H than in group C at 2 and 6 wk post-fracture(P=0.018,P=0.010;P=0.032,P=0.050,respectively).At 2 wk post fracture,SDF-1,TGF-β1 and VEGF expression were significantly higher in groups M and H than in group L(P=0.031,P=0.014;P<0.001,P<0.001;P=0.025,P<0.001,respectively).BMP-2 and VEGF expression were significantly higher in groups M and H than in group C at 6 wk postfracture(P=0.037,P=0.038;P=0.021,P=0.010).Compared to group L,TGF-β1 expression was significantly higher in groups H(P=0.016).There were no significant differences in expression levels of chemokines related to MSC migration,angiogenesis and cytokines associated

关键词： Rat model Femoral shaft fracture Mesenchymal stem cells Direct injection Optimal concentration Fracture healing

A renormalization group approach to crowd psychology and inter-group coupling in social many-body systems

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第2期57卷 247-252页

作者： kim Chul Koo LEE Kong-ju-Bock CHUNG myung-Hoon Institute of Physics and Applied Physics Yonsei University Department of Physics Ewha Woman's University Department of Physics Hongik University

By adopting majority rule within a renormalization group approach,we can show that the strength of inter-group interaction in a social system either grows or shrinks monotonically with increasing group size,depending on the initial coupling strength of individuals in the *** contrasts with the findings of previous studies in which the strength of the interaction grows with group size regardless of the initial *** approach clearly demonstrates that the phenomena of crowd psychology,such as an extreme anti-reaction between different ethnic or ideological groups,could be a consequence of the many-particle nature of social systems when the initial strength of the interaction is larger than a critical *** effect of neutral opinion holders is critically examined using the spin-one Ising *** critical size of the population of neutral opinion holders,that can prevent crowd polarization,depends on the block spin rule.

关键词：重整化群方法社会制度耦合强度从众心理多体系统群体相互作用初始强度

A New FIR Filter for State Estimation and Its Application

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2007年第5期22卷 779-784页

作者： Pyung-Soo kim myung-Eui Lee Department of Electronics Engineering Korea Polytechnic University Shiheung CityKgunggi-DoKorea School of Information Technology Korea University of Technology and Education Cheonan City Chungnam-DoKorea

This paper proposes a new FIR （finite impulse response） filter under a least squares criterion using a forgetting factor. The proposed FIR filter does not require information of the noise covariances as well as the initial state, and has some inherent properties such as time-invariance, unbiasedness and deadbeat. The proposed FIR filter is represented in a batch form and then a recursive form as an alternative form. Prom discussions about the choice of a forgetting factor and a window length, it is shown that they can be considered as useful parameters to make the estimation performance of the proposed FIR filter as good as possible. It is shown that the proposed FIR filter can outperform the existing FIR filter with incorrect noise covariances via computer simulations. Finally, as a useful application, an image sequence stabilization problem is considered. Through this application, the FIR filtering based approach is shown to be superior to the Kalman filtering based approach.

关键词： state estimation FIR (finite impulse response) filter Kalman filter least squares forgetting factor

Evaluation of leaching characteristic and kinetic study of lithium from lithium aluminum silicate glass-ceramics by NaOH

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第9期33卷 98-110页

作者： Dongseok Lee Sung-Ho Joo Dong ju Shin Shun myung Shin Resources Recovery Research Center Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources(KIGAM)124 Gwahak-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34132Republic of Korea Department of Resources Recycling University of Science and Technology(UST)217Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The behavior and mechanism of Li leaching from lithium aluminum silicate glass-ceramics which can be used as a secondary source of Li using aqueous NaOH solution was *** Li leaching efficiency is increased with increasing concentration of NaOH, specific surface area, and reaction *** leached under optimum conditions, 2 mol/L NaOH, 53 μm particle undersize, 1:10 solid/liquid ratio, 250 r/min stirring speed, 100℃ reaction temperature, 12 hr, the Li leaching efficiency was approximately 70%.However, when the leaching experiment was performed for 48 hr, the concentration of Li+ ions contained in the leach liquor decreased from 1160 to 236 mg/*** investigate the origin of this phenomenon, the obtained leach residue was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray *** analyses show that zeolite was formed around the lithium aluminum silicate glass-ceramics, which affected the leaching of by adsorbing Li+ *** addition, using the shrinking-core model and the Arrhenius equation, the leaching reaction with NaOH was found to depends on the chemical reaction of the two reactants, with a higher than 41.84 kJ/mol of the activation energy.

关键词： Lithium aluminum silicate glass-ceramics NaOH Lithium Leaching

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Hyper-eutectic Al-Si Alloys Fabricated by Spray Casting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第1期24卷 48-50页

作者： Min Ryou Chul-Hyun kim myung-Ho kim School of Materials Science and Engineering Inha University 253 Yonghyun-DongNam-GuIncheon 402-751Korea Dong Yang Piston Co. LTD 1050Singil-DongDonwon-GuAnsanKyungki-DoKorea

Microstructure and mechanical properties of hyper-eutectic Al-Si alloy fabricated by spray casting were in- vestigated and then these results were compared with those by squeeze *** spray-cast specimen was found to have finer Si particles （～5μm） compared to the squeeze-cast specimen （10-25μm）.The tensile strength and elongation of the spray-cast specimen are also higher than those of the squeeze cast *** was considered that the increased mechanical properties of the spray-cast specimen were mainly due to finer size of the Si particles distributed in Al matrix.

关键词： Hyper-eutectic Al-Si alloy Squeeze casting Spray casting

Early bile duct cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第25期13卷 3409-3416页

作者： Jae myung Cha myung-Hwan kim Se Jin Jang Department of Internal Medicine University of Kyunghee College of Medicine East-West Neo Medical Center Seoul Korea Department of Internal Medicine University of Ulsan College of Medicine Asan Medical Center Seoul Korea Department of Pathology University of Ulsan College of Medicine Asan Medical Center Seoul Korea

Bile duct cancers are frequently diagnosed as advanced diseases. Over half of patients with advanced bile duct cancer present with unresectable malignancies and their prognosis has been very poor even after curative resections. Although there has been a need to diagnose bile duct cancer at its eady stage, it has been a difficult goal to achieve due to our lack of knowledge regarding this disease entity. Early bile duct cancer may be defined as a carcinoma whose invasion is confined within the fibromuscular layer of the extrahepatic bile duct or intrahepatic large bile duct without distant metastasis irrespective of lymph node involvement. Approximately 3%-10% of resected bile duct cancers have been reported to be early cancers in the literature. The clinicopathological features of patients with early bile duct cancer differ from those of patients with advanced bile duct cancer, with more frequent asymptomatic presentation, characteristic histopathological findings, and excellent prognosis. This manuscript is organized to emphasize the need for convening an international consensus to develop the concept of early bile duct cancer.

关键词： Early bile duct cancer Prognosis Histopathology

Garcinia Cambogia attenuates diet-induced adiposity but exacerbates hepatic collagen accumulation and inflammation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第29期19卷 4689-4701页

作者： Young-Je kim myung-Sook Choi Yong Bok Park Sang Ryong kim Mi-Kyung Lee Un ju jung Department of Food Science and Nutrition Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 South Korea Center for Food and Nutritional Genomics Research Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 South Korea School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 South Korea Brain Science and Engineering Institute Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 South Korea Department of Food and Nutrition Sunchon National University Jeonnam 540-742 South Korea

AIM: To investigate long-term effects of Garcinia Cambogia (GC), weight-loss supplement, on adiposity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in obese mice. METHODS: Obesity-prone C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 45 kcal% fat) with or without GC (1%, w/w) for 16 wk. The HFD contained 45 kcal% fat, 20 kcal% protein and 35 kcal% carbohydrate. They were given free access to food and distilled water, and food consumption and body weight were measured daily and weekly, respectively. Data were expressed as the mean ± SE. Statistical analyses were performed using the statistical package for the social science software program. Student's t test was used to assess the differences between the groups. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05. RESULTS: There were no significant changes in body weight and food intake between the groups. However, the supplementation of GC significantly lowered visceral fat accumulation and adipocyte size via inhibition of fatty acid synthase activity and its mRNA expression in visceral adipose tissue, along with enhanced enzymatic activity and gene expression involved in adipose fatty acid β-oxidation. Moreover, GC supplementation resulted in significant reductions in glucose intolerance and the plasma resistin level in the HFD-fed mice. However, we first demonstrated that it increased hepatic collagen accumulation, lipid peroxidation and mRNA levels of genes related to oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) and inflammatory responses (tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) as well as plasma alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels, although HFD-induced hepatic steatosis was not altered. CONCLUSION: GC protects against HFD-induced obesity by modulating adipose fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation but induces hepatic fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress.

关键词： Garcinia Cambogia Anti-adiposity Metabolic changes Hepatic collagen accumulation Hepatic inflammation Hepatic oxidative stress