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Synthetic Control of Thorium Metal-Organic Frameworks for Sequencing and Sensing of Radioiodine Species

Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第1期42卷 20-28,I0004页

作者： Yu ju Zi-Jian Li xue Wang Jie Qiu Yiuhon Chan Zhi-Hui Zhang Mingyang He Jian Lin Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology Changzhou UniversityNo.21Gehu Middle RoadChangzhouJiangsu 213164China Schoolof Nuclear Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityNo.28West Xianning RoadXianShaanxi 710049China Key Laboratoryof Interfacial Physics and Technology Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences2019JiaLuoRoadShanghai 201800China

Exploring the physiochemical properties and expanding the applications of actinide-containing materials is paramount to address the escalating challenge of radioactive waste ***,unlocking the full potential of these materials is largely crippled by the radiotoxicity of the *** report here two porous and luminescent thorium-based metal-organic frameworks(Th-BITD-1 and Th-BITD-2)that serve as a bifunctional platform for sequencing and sensing of radioiodine,a much more radioactive fission product discharged during the nuclear fuel *** particular,Th-BITD-1 displays better iodine uptake performance than Th-BITD-2 via the solution-based process and vapor diffusion with the maximum adsorption capacities of 831 and 1099 mg/g,*** thermore,Th-BITD-1 can function as a highly sensitive luminescence sensor for iodate with a quenching constant(Ksv)of 6.6(5)×10^(3) M^(-1)and a detection limit of 2.02μM,respectively,outperforming 2.96(6)×10^(3)M^(-1)and 10.5μM of ***,a positive correlation between the sensing efficacy and the iodate adsorption capacity has been *** work highlights the opportunity in designing novel actinide-based MOFs for their potential applications in radiological fields,e.g.,radionuclide separation and detection.

关键词： Thorium Metal-organic frameworks Adsorption Detection lodine Actinides Radiochemistry Luminescence

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Deciphering dynamic surface of PtRu alloy nanocatalysts to revisit their synergistic effects during the electrooxidation

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2224-2233页

作者： Xiao-Chong Li Bo Wang Zhou Yu Qiang Wan ju-Fang Zheng Emmanuel Maisonhaute Xiao-Shun Zhou Ya-Hao Wang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Institute of Physical ChemistryZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China Laboratoire Interface et Systèmes Electrochimiques CNRS UMR 8235Sorbonne UniversitéF-75252 Paris cedex 5France

Correlating dynamic structural transformation of catalysts with the surface intermediate species under operating conditions is critical for updating the understanding of structure–performance ***,we probe the electrochemical potentialdependent surface structures and adsorbed intermediates on PtRu binary alloy nanocatalysts to revisit its synergistic mechanisms for CO electrooxidation enhanced ***-situ spectral characteristics by using modified shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy,show that in acidic solution,when the potential is positively scanned from 0.1 V to 1.5 V relative to reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE),the surface of the alloy catalyst evolves from metallic PtRu to adsorbed oxygen gradually covering and accumulating on Ru sites(denoted as PtRuO_(x),x≤2),forming segregated RuO_(2),and finally forming a threedimensional oxide layer(denoted as 3D PtRuO_(4)).Moreover,molecular evidence associated with periodic density functional theory calculations reveals that electronic effects promote ruthenium to become more oxidizable and *** particular,we found here that ^(*)O and ^(*)oh at surface RuO_(x) sites are highly efficient CO oxidation active species in comparison to the same entities adsorbed on metallic Ru *** work sheds light on the complex surface dynamic process of practical Pt-based binary nanocatalysts and improves the understanding of synergistic mechanism for the development of fuel cell devices.

关键词： in-situ Raman spectroscopy surface evolution bifunctional mechanism PtRu electrooxidation

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Lower extremity peripherally inserted central catheter placement ectopic to the ascending lumbar vein:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第8期12卷 1430-1436页

作者： Xiao-ju Zhu Ling Zhao Na Peng Jia-Min Luo Shui-Xia Liu Cancer Center Daping HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqing 400042China

BACKGROUND Peripherally inserted central catheters(PICCs)are an essential infusion route for oncology patients receiving intravenous treatments,but lower extremity veni-puncture is the preferred technique for patients with superior vena cava syndrome(SVCS).We report the case of a patient with a lower extremity PICC ectopic to the ascending lumbar vein,to indicate and verify PICC catheterisation in the lower extremity is safe and *** hope to provide different per-spectives for clinical PICC venipuncture to get the attention of *** SUMMARY On 24 August 2022,a 58-year-old male was admitted to our department due to an intermittent cough persisting for over a month,which worsened 10 d *** and laboratory investigations suggested the patient with pulmonary malignancy and *** was not an absolute contraindication in this *** extremity venipuncture is the preferred technique because administering upper extremity venous transfusion to patients with SVCS can exacerbate oedema in the head,neck,and upper *** patient and his family were informed about the procedure,and informed consent was *** successful puncture and prompt treatment,the patient was discharged,experiencing some relief from *** Inferior vena cava catheterisation is rare and important for cancer patients with SVCS,particularly in complex situations involving ectopic placement.

关键词： Superior vena cava syndrome Peripherally inserted central catheter Ascending lumbar vein Complications Case report

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Dietary pyruvate targets cytosolic phospholipase A2 to mitigate inflammation and obesity in mice

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Protein & Cell 2024年第9期15卷 661-685页

作者： Sadaf Hasan Nabil Ghani Xiangli Zhao julia Good Amanda Huang Hailey Lynn Wrona Jody Liu Chuan-ju Liu Department of Orthopedic Surgery New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States Department of Medicine Division of Internal MedicineSaint Peter’s University HospitalRutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901United States Cornell University IthacaNew YorkNYUnited States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599United States New York University NY 14853United States Department of Cell Biology New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNY 10016United States Department of Orthopedics&Rehabilitation Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States

Obesity has a multifactorial etiology and is known to be a state of chronic low-grade inflammation,known as *** state is associated with the development of metabolic disorders such as glucose intolerance and nonalcoholic fatty liver *** is a glycolytic metabolite and a crucial node in various metabolic ***,its role and molecular mechanism in obesity and associated complications are *** this study,we reported that pyruvate substantially inhibited adipogenic differentiation in vitro and its administration significantly prevented HFD-induced weight gain,white adipose tissue inflammation,and metabolic *** identify the target proteins of pyruvate,drug affinity responsive target stability was employed with proteomics,cellular thermal shift assay,and isothermal drug response to detect the interactions between pyruvate and its molecular ***,we identified cytosolic phospholipase A2(cPLA2)as a novel molecular target of pyruvate and demonstrated that pyruvate restrained diet-induced obesity,white adipose tissue inflammation,and hepatic steatosis in a cPLA2-dependent *** with global ablation of cPLA2 in mice showed that the protective effects of pyruvate were largely abrogated,confirming the importance of pyruvate/cPLA2 interaction in pyruvate attenuation of inflammation and ***,our study not only establishes pyruvate as an antagonist of cPLA2 signaling and a potential therapeutic option for obesity but it also sheds light on the mechanism of its ***’s prior clinical use indicates that it can be considered a safe and viable alternative for obesity,whether consumed as a dietary supplement or as part of a regular diet.

关键词： metabolic disease pyruvate cytosolic phospholipase obesity

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Microstructure and properties of 35 kg large aluminum alloy flywheel housing components formed by squeeze casting with local pressure compensation

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China Foundry 2024年第5期21卷 563-576页

作者： ju-fu Jiang Jing Yan Ying-ze Liu Ning Ge Ying Wang Chang-jie Ding De-chao Zou School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Dalian Innovation Die-casting Co. Ltd.Dalian 116600LiaoningChina

The squeeze casting method with local pressure compensation was proposed to form a flywheel housing component with a weight of 35 *** numerical simulation,microstructure observation and phase characterization were performed,and the influence of local pressure compensation on feeding of thick-wall position,microstructure and mechanical properties of the formed components were *** show that the molten metal keeps a good fluidity and the filling is complete during the filling *** the solidification at thick-wall positions of the mounting ports is slow,the local pressure compensation effectively realizes the local forced feeding,significantly eliminating the shrinkage cavity *** the microstructure of AlSi9Mg alloy,α-Al primarily consists of fragmented dendrites and rosette grains,while eutectic Si predominantly comprises needles and short *** impact of local pressure compensation on strength is relatively minimal,yet its influence on elongation is *** local pressure compensation,the average elongation at the compensated areas is 9.18%,which represents a 44.90%higher than that before *** average tensile strength is 209.1 MPa,and the average yield strength is 100.6 *** local pressure compensation can significantly reduce or even eliminate the internal defects in the 35 kg large-weight components formed by squeeze casting.

关键词： squeeze casting local pressure compensation aluminum alloy microstructure mechanical properties large flywheel housing components

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Multiple factors influencing high-purity indium electrolytic refining

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第7期71卷 148-160页

作者： Hong-Qiang Fan Fei Li Hong-Xing Zheng Wu-ji Pan Mei-Zhen Wu Yashar Behnamian ju-Bo Peng Dong-Hai Lin State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel&School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Integrated Circuits and Advanced Display Materials Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Research&Development Center Yunnan Tin Group(Holding)Limited CompanyKunming 650032China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2V4AlbertaCanada School of Energy and Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Materials Application and EvaluationShanghai Polytechnic UniversityShanghai 201209China

The effects of various contaminants in the electrolytic refinement of indium were investigated using a glow discharge mass spectrometer(GDMS).The effects of several factors such as the indium ion(In3+)concentration,the sodium chloride(NaCl)concentration,the current density,the gelatin concentration,the pH,and the electrode distance,were *** variations in impurity levels concerning gelatin concentration were *** the gelatin and In3+concentration were moderately positively correlated with the Pb *** Sb concentration was associated positively with the NaCl concentration,while the Ti concentration had an adverse correlation with the NaCl *** Bi element content was positively linked to the electrode *** the current density increased,Cu,Pb,and Bi impurities initially rose and then eventually ***,a critical current density of 45 A·m^(-2) was identified in this behavior.

关键词： High-purity indium Electrolysis Multiple factors Electrochemistry Purification

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Can ChatGPT be used to generate scientific hypotheses?

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第3期10卷 578-584页

作者： Yang Jeong Park Daniel Kaplan Zhichu Ren Chia-Wei Hsu Changhao Li Haowei Xu Sipei Li ju Li Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA02139USA Institute of New Media and Communications Seoul National University1 Gwanak-roGwanak-guSeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Condensed Matter Physics Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot7610001Israel Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA02139USA Global Technology Applied Research JPMorgan Chase237 Park AveNew YorkNY10017USA

We investigate whether large language models can perform the creative hypothesis generation that human researchers regularly *** the error rate is high,generative AI seems to be able to effectively structure vast amounts of scientific knowledge and provide interesting and testable *** future scientific enterprise may include synergistic efforts with a swarm of“hypothesis machines”,challenged by automated experimentation and adversarial peer reviews.

关键词： large language models scientific hypothesis generation generative AI GPT-4

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Chi-square automatic interaction detection(CHAID)analysis of the use of safety goggles and face masks as personal protective equipment(PPE)to protect against occupational biohazards

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2024年第2期6卷 125-133页

作者： Raúl Aguilar-Elena juán JoséAgún-González Universidad Internacional de Valencia ValenciaSpain

Background:This study represents the first Spanish investigation to rigorously evaluate compliance with the use of safety goggles and face masks as essential personal protective equipment(PPE)in companies with workplaces involving exposure to biological ***:This study aimed to examine the degree of use of face masks and safety goggles as personal protective equipment(PPE),the factors that influence their use,and the profile of workers exposed to occupational biological agents in Spanish companies in the health sector,farming sector,meat industry,waste treatment plants,food industry,and veterinary ***:We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 590 Spanish workers from 51 *** developed a 34-item questionnaire to assess workers’perception of risk related to exposure to biological agents in their *** the questions,three were designed to measure the degree of use of key protective equipment in sectors with biological agent exposure:protective gloves,safety goggles or face *** only analyzed safety goggles and face *** performed various statistical analyses,including Cronbach’s alpha,frequency of endorsement,content validity ratio using Lawshe’s method,varimax rotation,the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test,and Bartlett’s sphericity test,to assess the internal consistency and reliability of the ***,we employed a chi-square automatic interaction detection(CHAID)segmentation analysis,using workers’responses regarding their attitudes toward safety goggles and face mask usage as PPE for protection against biological risks,with demographic variables as independent ***:In the current study,CHAID analysis revealed that workers exposed to group 2 biological agents used more safety goggles and face shields compared with workers exposed to other groups of biological ***,workers in laboratories and the food industry used face masks more than workers of other ***

关键词： PPE Safety googles and breath mask CHAID Biological Agents Occupational Biosafety

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Characteristics of perfluoromethyl vinyl ether:A new eco-friendly alternative gas for SF_(6)

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High Voltage 2024年第3期9卷 509-517页

作者： Song Xiao Yijiang Chen Mingjun Tang Shuangshuang Tian Haoran Xia Yifan Wang ju Tang Yi Li Xiaoxing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection School of Electrical Engineering and AutomationWuhan UniversityHubeiChina Key Laboratory for High-Efficiency Utilization of Solar Energy and Operation Control of Energy Storage System School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHubei University of TechnologyWuhanChina

The exploration of eco-friendly insulating gas to substitute the most potent greenhouse gas sulphur hexafluoride(SF6)has consistently garnered significant ***,the au-thors evaluated the feasibility of utilising perfluoromethyl vinyl ether(PMVE,C_(3)F_(6)O)as a new branch of eco-friendly insulating gas for the first *** primary dielectric and stability characteristics of PMVE regarding AC breakdown,partial discharge,dielectric recovery,and decomposition properties were revealed under various gas pressure and electrical field *** was found that PMVE demonstrated superior dielectric strength,with the AC breakdown and PD inception voltage(PDIV)1.10 and 1.14 times that of pure SF_(6).Furthermore,the dielectric strength of PMVE exhibits stability even after undergoing 100 cycles of AC breakdowns,and there is no observable formation of solid precipitation on the electrode *** discharge decomposition of PMVE mainly generates fluorocarbon(CF_(4),C_(2)F_(6),C_(3)F_(6),C_(3)F_(8),etc.)and ***,the exceptional insulation stabilityandno absence of solidprecipitation featuresendow PMVE tobe utilised as a new eco-friendly gas for SF_(6)-free gas-insulated equipment.

关键词： surface dielectric vinyl

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Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and depression:deep insight into biological mechanisms and potential

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 17-32页

作者： junzhe Cheng Hongkun Hu Yumeng ju Jin Liu Mi Wang Bangshan Liu Yan Zhang Department of Psychiatry National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersSecond Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Mental Health Institute of Central South University China National Technology Institute on Mental DisordersHunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental HealthHunan Medical Center for Mental HealthChangshaHunanChina Department of Mental Health Center Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina

The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem known as the second brain'.Composing the microbiota-gut-brain axis,the gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate the central nervous system through neural,endocrine and immune pathways to ensure the normal functioning of the organism,tuning individuals'health and disease ***-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),the main bioactive metabolites of the gut microbiota,are involved in several neuropsychiatric disorders,including *** have essential effects on each component of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in *** the present review,the roles of major SCFAs(acetate,propionate and butyrate)in the pathophysiology of depression are summarised with respect to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,neuroinflammation,host epigenome and neuroendocrine *** remarks on the biological mechanisms related to gut microbiota will hopefully address the clinical value of microbiota-related treatments for depression.

关键词： alterations inflammation perfusion

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