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Studies on Mode of Expression of Apple （Malus x domestica Borkh.） Bud Dormancy under Tropical and Temperate Climatic Conditions

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第7期3卷 503-516页

作者： Getachew Hruy Julie Tegenbos Renske Petre Tom deckers Yikunoamlak Teklebirhan Hans Bauer Kindeya Gebrehiwot Dirk Raes jozef deckers Johan Keulemans Department of Dryland Crop and Horticultural Sciences Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia Laboratory for Fruit Breeding and Biotechnology KU Leuven W. De Croylaan 42 Heverlee Belgium Pcfruit Fruittuinweg 1 B - 3800 St. Truiden Belgium MU-IUC Research Team Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia WildCRU University of Oxford UK Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection Mekelle University P.O. Box 231 Mekelle Ethiopia Department of Environmental and Earth Sciences KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200E B - 3001 Heverlee Belgium

A study was conducted to describe the progression of bud dormancy in 1-year-old apple （Malus x domestica Borkh） shoots grown at two contrasting climatic conditions （Belgium, temperate and Ethiopia, tropics）. The experiment was carried out on ＂Golden＂ and ＂Gala＂ cultivars for two consecutive years （2010/2011 and 2011/2012）. Moreover, a validation experiment was conducted on ＂MM106＂ apple rootstock during 2010/2011 only in Ethiopia. Variations in inverse of time to 50% budburst were interpreted in terms of evolution of growth capacity of the buds. Despite differences observed with chilling accumulation later in winter or early in spring, depending on environments, depth of endodormancy intensity during winter can be summarized as follows： buds from pruned shoots were less endodormant than terminal buds of the intact shoots and terminal buds were more endodormant than the dormancy intensity of upper buds of the disbudded shoots, suggesting proximal buds can grow more readily than does terminal ones. Our results provide evidence for the existence of a considerably strong paradormancy inhibition by distal shoot parts and buds, which was more pronounced in Ethiopia than in Belgium, highlighting the importance of designing and applying appropriate pruning and dormancy avoidance strategies in mild-winter climates. Finally, as still there is knowledge gap on bud dormancy progression and its control mechanism especially under mild climates, our study highlights the need for further in-depth research using biological and biochemical tests.

关键词： Bud dormancy, basitony, acrotony, Malus domestica, Ethiopia, Belgium

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Decentralised Governance of Wetland Resources in the Lake Victoria Basin of Uganda

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Natural Resources 2013年第1期4卷 55-64页

作者： Alice Nakiyemba Were Moses Isabirye Jean Poesen Miet Maertens jozef deckers Erik Mathijs Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Leuven Belgium Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Busitema University Namasagali Campus Tororo Uganda Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment Busitema University Namasagali Campus Tororo Uganda

Recent studies on decentralized wetland governance in Uganda have focused mainly on the relationship between central and local governments. Less attention has been given to the relationship between agricultural systems, local governments, and water bodies. This study aims at assessing decentralized wetlands governance in the upper river Rwizi and Iguluibi micro catchments, Lake Victoria Basin Uganda, in relation to farming practices. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to provide a comprehensive understanding of the contribution of decentralized governance to the management of wetlands resources. Quantitative survey data were analyzed using descriptive summary statistics with the help of Statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) soft ware. Qualitative data analysis involved the categorization of verbal and behavioral data for purposes of classification with the use of Nvivo soft ware. Data were analyzed at two levels: the descriptive level of analysis which is the account of the data in terms of what was said, documented or observed with nothing assumed about it. The second level of analysis was interpretive, where data is transformed into what is meant by the responses and conclusions are drawn. All recorded interviews were transcribed into a written report. Findings revealed that decentralized wetlands governance has brought ecosystem services nearer to communities in form of community-based management planning. However, results indicated inadequate institutional capacity, knowledge gaps of existing legal frameworks, limited political support and accountability for local leaders, lack of cooperation and coordination, and inadequate funding. In all, the policy has not fully realized its intended outcomes.

关键词： Agricultural Systems Decentralized Governance Lake Victoria Wetland Degradation Uganda

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<i>Acacia etbaica</i>as a Potential Low-Cost Adsorbent for Removal of Organochlorine Pesticides from Water

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第3期7卷 278-291页

作者： Abraha Gebrekidan Mekonen Teferi Tsehaye Asmelash Kindeya Gebrehiwet Amanual Hadera Kassa Amare jozef deckers Bart Van Der Bruggen Department of Chemistry Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia Department of Biology Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia Department of Microbiology Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia Department of Land Resource Management & Environmental Protection Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia Department of Earth Science Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia Department for Earth and Environmental Science KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Chemical Engineering Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS) KU Leuven Leuven Belgium

The presence of pesticides in the environment is of great concern due to their persistent nature and chronic adverse effect on human health and the environment. Water bodies are subject to pollution by organochlorine pesticides, especially in developing countries, where water pollution is a key sustainability challenge. Hence, activated carbon is considered a universal adsorbent for the removal of organochlorine pollutants from water. Activated carbon from Acatia etbaica was prepared using traditional kilns with low investment costs. Pesticides such as aldrin, dieldrin and DDT were selected for adsorption because of their common usage in agricultural and malaria control activities and may occur in high concentrations in surface waters that are used as drinking water sources. The effect of the adsorbent dose and initial concentration were investigated. To describe the equilibrium isotherms the experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The Freundlich model gave the best correlation with the experimental data. Activated carbon prepared from Acacia etbaica was found to be an effective and low-cost alternative for the removal of organochlorine pesticides from aqueous solutions. The preparation method allows the use of this material by local communities for effective remediation of pollution by pesticides.

关键词： Acacia etbaica Activated Carbon Organochlorine Pesticides Adsorption Water Purification

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