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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 113-123页

作者： Luana m.Luz Ediane C.Alves nariane Q.Vilhena Tamires B.Oliveira Zara G.B.Silva joze m.n.freitas Candido F.O.neto Roberto C.L.Costa Lucas C.Costa Universidade Federal Rural da AmazOia CapanemaPA 68700-665Brazil Universidade Federal Rural da AmazEia BelémPA 66077-830Brazil

Plants hold biochemical and physiological mechanisms to withstand drought conditions.Generally,depending on water deficit interval,plant rehydration relies on how it can retain growth or a positive water balance—or rarely both.In this study,two species of Hymenaea,one from the Amazon and the other from the Brazilian Cerrado,were investigated for their physiological mechanism associated with growth rehydration upon short-term exposure to drought stress.Our findings demonstrate that Hymenaea courbaril tends to invest in nitrogen to the detriment of carbon compounds,-as it is limited by lower net photosynthesis-and adjust root growth to attenuate drought stress responses.In contrast,Hymenaea stigonocarpa takes advantage of higher water potential and a basal rate of lower net photosynthesis to support aboveground growth under such conditions.Hence,it is postulated that there are distinct ways of controlling water status and growth between H.courbaril and H.stigonocarpa,which are determined either by the ability of the species to keep net photosynthesis at low levels of water content or by favoring the accumulation of nitrogen compounds.Both mechanisms were effective with regards to water use efficiency and thus it is reasonable to suggest that strategies are not exclusive and may work under adverse conditions,as observed in Amazon and Brazilian Cerrado biomes.Query.

关键词： Hymenaea courbaril Hymenaea stigonocarpa Growth Photosynthesis Water deficit

A longitudinal analysis of the U.S. Air Force Reserve Officers’ Training Corps physical fitness assessment

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military medical Research 2020年第2期7卷 166-173页

作者： Cameron Smackey Jason mDe freitas Applied neuromuscular Physiology Laboratory Oklahoma State University192 CRCStillwaterOK 74078USA

Background:The U.S.Air Force physical fitness assessment(PFA)is used to determine the overall fitness of their personnel.It is currently unknown to what extent the PFA scores of Reserve Officers’Training Corps(ROTC)cadets are affected by mandatory physical training.The purpose of this investigation was to longitudinally examine the PFAs of ROTC cadets over a four-year period,evaluate the results across class ranks,and evaluate the sensitivity of the classification of the tests.methods:Air Force ROTC cadets performed the PFAs(abdominal circumference,1-min pushups,1-min sit-ups,and a 1.5-mile run)in both the spring(n=26)and fall(n=22)semesters.PFAs were compiled over a four-year period(Spring 2014–Fall 2017)and were performed in accordance with Air Force Instruction 36–2905.A oneway repeated measures AnOVA was performed separately for the fall and spring groups for each dependent variable across the 4 years.Additionally,a one-way between groups AnOVA was performed for each dependent variable during the time point(fall 2015;n=46)with the most recorded cadets for each class rank.Results:Longitudinal assessments revealed a main effect of time(P=0.010)on abdominal circumference;cadets had a smaller abdominal circumference in their freshman year than in their senior year.A main effect of time(P=0.006)was also observed on sit-up quantity;cadets performed more sit-ups in their junior year than in their freshman year.Examining between class ranks during the same year(between-subjects AnOVA)revealed a main effect of class rank on sit-up quantity(P=0.003);the freshmen completed fewer repetitions than the sophomores(P=0.018)and the juniors did(P=0.001).Conclusions:The results indicated that only the sit-up component showed differences between class ranks.These findings suggest that the Air Force PFA may not be sensitive enough to detect changes in physical fitness or distinguish between class ranks regarding physical performance,even after years of training.This limitation may be in part due to the limited duration of trainin

关键词： Class ranks Fitness assessment military Physical training ROTC

The interplay between leaf water potential and osmotic adjustment on photosynthetic and growth parameters of tropical dry forest trees

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第1期34卷 177-186页

作者： Tiago de Sousa Leite Romulo magno Oliveira de freitas nildo da Silva Dias Jeferson Luiz Dallabona Dombroski narjara Walessa nogueira Federal University of mato Grosso CuiabáMTBrazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rio Grande do NortePau dos FerrosRNBrazil Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region MossoróRNBrazil

mimosa tenuiflora and Piptadenia stipulacea are commonly accepted as drought-tolerant species but little is known about their response to drought followed by rehydration.Therefore,the interplay between leaf water potential and osmotic adjustment on photo synthetic and growth parameters of these species was examined.A greenhouse study was conducted in a split-plot design with two water conditions in the main plots(control;drought followed by rehydration),and eight sampling times in the subplots(1,4and 7 days of drought,and 1,3,6,12,and 17 days of rehydration).Plant water status and biochemical changes were assessed as well as leaf gas exchange and subsequent growth.Under drought stress,both species maintained a low leaf water potential throughout the day by accumulating compatible solutes,thus allowing a rapid and full recovery of water status when rehydrated.Although these plants minimized water loss by closing their stomata,neither showed stomatal limitations to photosynthesis.The inhibition of this process during drought was possibly related to mesophyll limitations as well as to a reversible downregulation of photo systems,along with adjustments of their stoichiometry.Water deficits also triggered morphological adaptations at the whole plant level,leading to reduced growth,mainly of the shoots in m.tenuiflora and the roots in P.stipulacea.

关键词： Drought stress Rehydration Gas exchange Plant biomass

The transformation of agriculture in Brazil through development and adoption of Zero Tillage Conservation Agriculture

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2014年第1期2卷 35-46页

作者： P.L.de freitas J.n.Landers Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation-national Centre for Soil Research(Embrapa Soils) Agronomist M.Sc.Hon.DirectorZero Tillage Farmers’Association for the Cerrado Region of Brazil

The soil conservation movement in Brazil has been a major driving force in the continuing search for agricultural farming systems that are more sustainable than what we have today,particularly in tropical and subtropical areas.The development and adoption of Zero Tillage Conservation Agriculture(ZT/CA)was the key to the success of this movement,generating agricultural,environmental,and societal benefits.Adoption of the ZT/CA philosophy and technologies is currently practiced on more than 50%of the annual crop area.This is due to the work and innovations of pioneering farmers,agronomists,researchers,and consultants that were and are involved in these efforts.This extensive adoption of ZT/CA occurred after many unsuccessful efforts to mitigate against the devastating effects of soil erosion that were threatening the entire agricultural industry in Brazil.Technicians and farmers realized that erosion control required continual cover of the soil to guard against the torrential rain storms common to these regions.This triggered the efforts of soil conservation pioneers at different points in time and regions of Brazil.In southern Brazil,Herbert Bartz,watched his topsoil eroding away in torrents of runoff.This set him thinking and searching for alternatives,resulting in his adoption of ZT/CA farming in 1972.Ten years later in Brazil’s centre-western savannah(Cerrado biome),farmers,researchers,crop consultants and agro-industry initiated efforts to expand cultivation into the very difficult production region of the Cerrados.This was successfully achieved through the pioneering work of agronomist John Landers,bringing experience from the ZT/CA farmer association networks in the south.These were the turning points in the sustainable development of annual crop farming in Brazil.Today,society recognizes the role of these pioneers as key to achieving social,economic and environmental sustainability.ZT/CA reversed the historically accelerating degradation of soil organic matter and soil structure by abandoning conventional ti

关键词： Soil conservation Zero tillage Conservation agriculture Sustainable soil management Soil organic matter

microencapsulation with spray-chilling as an innovative strategy for probiotic low sodium requeijao cremoso processed cheese processing

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Food Bioscience 2022年第2期46卷 209-220页

作者： Ramon Silva Tatiana Colombo Pimentel Fernando Eust´aquio de matos Junior Erick Almeida Esmerino monica Q.freitas Carmen Silvia F´avaro-Trindade m´arcia Cristina Silva Adriano Gomes Cruz Federal Institute of Education Scienceand Technology of Rio de Janeiro(IFRJ)Departamento of Food Rio de JaneiroBrazil Fluminense Federal University(UFF) Faculty of Veterinary Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil c Federal Institute of Paran´a ParanavaíParan´aBrazil Federal University of Juiz de Fora(UJFJ) Departement of NutritionBrazil University of S˜ao Paulo(UJFJ) Departement of Food EngineeringBrazil

The effect of sodium reduction and Lactobacillus acidophilus addition(free or microencapsulated)on the quality parameters of requeijao cremoso processed cheese was assessed for 90 days at 5℃.Three formulations were prepared:(COnT)regular salt content and curd fusion(90℃/2 min),(FREE)reduced salt content+free probiotic culture added after curd fusion(90℃/2 min),and(mICRO)reduced salt content+microencapsulated probiotic culture added before curd fusion(70℃/5 min).FREE and mICRO formulations showed increased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid content,improved health indices(decreases in thrombogenic index and increases in desirable fatty acid index),and altered rheological properties(higher consistency index,apparent viscosity,elastic properties,and gel strength).In addition,the mICRO formulation showed higher texture sensory acceptance and probiotic counts higher than 6 log CFU/g during storage and simulated gastrointestinal conditions.Overall,microencapsulation of probiotics with spray chilling represents an innovative solution in requeijao cremoso processed cheese.

关键词： microencapsulation Probiotics Quality parameters Sodium reduction Processed cheese

Physicochemical characterization, the Hirshfeld surface, and biological evaluation of two meloxicam compounding pharmacy samples

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第2期8卷 103-108页

作者： Luciana F.A.Romani maria I.Yoshida Elionai C.L.Gomes Renes R.machado Felipe F.Rodrigues marcio m.Coelho marcelo A.Oliveira maria B.freitas-marques Rosane A.S.San Gil Wagner n.mussel Department of Chemistry Institute of Exact Sciences Federal University of Minas Gerais Department of Pharmaceutical Products Faculty of Pharmacy Federal University of Minas Gerais Health Science Department Federal University of Espírito Santo Campus Sao Mateus Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Campus Fundao

meloxicam(mLX) is an anti-inflammatory drug susceptible to variations and crystalline transitions. In compounding pharmacies, the complete crystallographic evaluation of the raw material is not a routine procedure. We performed a complete crystallographic characterization of aleatory raw mLX samples from compounding pharmacies. X-ray diffraction indicated the presence of two crystalline forms in one sample. DSC experiments suggested that crystallization, or a crystal transition, occurred differently between samples. The FTIR and ~1H nmR spectra showed characteristic assignments.^(13)C solid-state nmR spectroscopy indicated the presence of more than one phase in a sample from pharmacy B. The Hirshfeld surface analysis, with electrostatic potential projection, allowed complete assignment of the UV spectra in ethanol solution. The polymorph I of meloxicam was more active than polymorph III in an experimental model of acute inflammation in mice. Our results highlighted the need for complete crystallographic characterization and the separation of freely used raw materials in compounding pharmacies,as a routine procedure, to ensure the desired dose/effect.

关键词： meloxicam Polymorphism Hirshfeld surface Anti-inflammatory activity

Recycling process and proto-kimberlite melt metasomatism in the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary beneath the Amazonian Craton recorded by garnet xenocrysts and mantle xenoliths from the Carolina kimberlite

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第5期13卷 89-105页

作者： Fernanda Gervasoni Tiago Jalowitzki marcelo Peres Rocha Ricardo Kalikowski Weska Eduardo novais-Rodrigues Rodrigo Antonio de freitas Rodrigues Yannick Bussweiler Elisa Soares Rocha Barbosa Jasper Berndt Elton Luiz Dantas Valmir da Silva Souza Stephan Klemme Centro de Engenharias Universidade Federal de Pelotas(UFPel)PelotasBrazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Geociências Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreBrazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Geologia Instituto de GeociênciasUniversidade de Brasília(UnB)BrasíliaBrazil Faculdade de Geociências Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso(UFMT)CuiabáBrazil Institut für Geologie und mineralogie Universität zu KölnGermany Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade Federal de Goiás(UFG)Aparecida de GoiâniaBrazil Institut für mineralogie Universität MünsterMünsterGermany

Here we present new data on the major and trace element compositions of silicate and oxide minerals from mantle xenoliths brought to the surface by the Carolina kimberlite,Pimenta Bueno Kimberlitic Field,which is located on the southwestern border of the Amazonian Craton.We also present Sr-nd isotopic data of garnet xenocrysts and whole-rocks from the Carolina kimberlite.mantle xenoliths are mainly clinopyroxenites and garnetites.Some of the clinopyroxenites were classified as GPP–PP–PKP(garnet-phlogopite peridotite,phlogopite-peridotite,phlogopite-K-richterite peridotite)suites,and two clinopyroxenites(eclogites)and two garnetites are relicts of an ancient subducted slab.Temperature and pressure estimates yield 855–1102℃ and 3.6–7.0 GPa,respectively.Clinopyroxenes are enriched in light rare earth elements(LREE)(La_(n)/Yb_(n)=5–62;Ce_(n)/Sm_(n)=1–3;where n=primitive mantle normalized values),they have high Ca/Al ratios(10–410),low to medium Ti/Eu ratios(742–2840),and low Zr/Hf ratios(13–26),which suggest they were formed by metasomatic reactions with CO_(2)-rich silicate melts.Phlogopite with high TiO_(2)(>2.0 wt.%),Al_(2)O_(3)(>12.0 wt.%),and FeOt(5.0–13.0 wt.%)resemble those found in the groundmass of kimberlites,lamproites and lamprophyres.Conversely,phlogopite with low TiO_(2)(nd lower Al_(2)O_(3)(milar to those present in GPP-PP-PKP,and in mARID(mica-amphibole-rutile-ilmenite-diopside)and PIC(phlogopite-ilmenite-clinopyorxene)xenoliths.The GPP-PP-PKP suite of xenoliths,together with the clinopyroxene and phlogopite major and trace element signatures suggests that an intense proto-kimberlite melt metasomatism occurred in the deep cratonic lithosphere beneath the Amazonian Craton.The Sr-nd isotopic ratios of pyrope xenocrysts(G3,G9 and G11)from the Carolina kimberlite are characterized by high ^(143)nd/^(144)nd(0.51287–0.51371)and end(+4.55 to+20.85)accompanied with enriched ^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr(0.70405–0.71098).These results suggest interaction with a proto-kimberlite melt compositional

关键词： Carolina kimberlite K-rich mantle xenoliths Ancient subducted slab Proto-kimberlite melt metasomatism

Prenatal and pubertal testosterone exposure imprint permanent modifications in the prostate that predispose to the development of lesions in old mongolian gerbils

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第2期19卷 160-167页

作者： manoel F Biancardi Ana PS Perez Cassia RS Caires Luiz R Falleiros Jr Rejane m Goes Patricia SL Vilamaior Diogenes R freitas Jr Fernanda CA Santos Sebastiao R Taboga Department of Structural and Functional State University of Campinas Av. Bertrand Russel s/n Campinas Sao Paulo 13084864 Brazil 2Department of Histology Embryology and Cell BiologyFederal University of Goias Samambaia II Goiania Goias 74001970 Brazil University Estadual Paulista - UnESP Department of Biology Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis Rua Cristovao Colombo 2265 Sao Jose do Rio Preto Sao Paulo 15054000 Brazil medical School Federal University of Goias Colemar Natal e Silva Goiania Goias 74001970 Brazil

The prostate is an accessory sex gland that develops under precise androgenic control. It is known that hormonal imbalance may disrupt its development predisposing this gland to develop diseases during aging. Although the hypothesis regarding earlier origins of prostate diseases was proposed many years ago, the mechanisms underlying this complex phenomenon are poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prostates of old male gerbils exposed to testosterone during intrauterine and postnatal life using morphological, biometrical, stereological, Kariometric, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence analyses. Our findings demonstrate that prenatal and pubertal exposure to testosterone increases the susceptibility to the development of prostate diseases during aging. The presence of a more proliferative gland associated with foci of adenomatous hyperplasia in animals exposed to testosterone during the prenatal and pubertal phase show that the utero life and the pubertal period are important phases for prostatic morphophysiology establishment, which is a determinant for the health of the gland during aging. Therefore, these findings reinforce the idea that prostate disease may result from hormonal disruptions in early events during prostate development, which imprint permanently on the gland predisposing it to develop lesions in later stages of life.

关键词： adenomatous hyperplasia endocrine-disrupting chemicals gerbil prostate development testosterone

nonformal environmental education:a case study with farmers in a town of the South minas Gerais state,Brazil

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2015年第4期13卷 324-331页

作者： mirlaine R.freitas Stella V.B.G.matias Renato L.G.macedo matheus P.freitas nelson Venturin Department of Forest Science Federal University of Lavras Department of Chemistry Federal University of Lavras

Brazil is a central place in the international agricultural markets and this fact has been demanding environmentally oriented agricultural practices by Brazilian farmers and professionals involved in the agricultural market chain.A concise and structured questionnaire was applied to obtain the environmental perception of a group of Brazilian farmers in a town of the south minas Gerais state,using herbicides as the topic for a case study.A highly variable opinion about taking the environment into account when choosing the most appropriate herbicide was found.Anyway,efficacy has been indicated as the most important factor when choosing an herbicide,followed by the environment and price.The outcomes from the questionnaires,i.***.the insufficient conception and importance given to environment when choosing the herbicide,motivated the creation of a teaching-learning model for the nonformal environmental education using the concept of socio-ecological resilience.This routine puts in practice the resilience thinking currently invoked as a major tool to achieve the conservation of the socio-ecological system,as well as it is complimentary to the outcome-oriented optimization for conservation theory.For the case study about farmers and the use of herbicides,we conclude that a complex reasoning and,ultimately,pro-environmental actions can be improved after experiencing the recommended model for environmental education.

关键词： environmental perception farmers herbicides resilience thinking socio-ecological system

Biofilm analyses and exoproduct release by clinical and environmental isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei from Brazil

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2023年第7期16卷 321-328页

作者： Glaucia morgana de melo Guedes Crister JoséOcadaque Alyne Soares freitas Rodrigo machado Pinheiro Giovanna Barbosa Riello Silviane Praciano Bandeira Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro marcos Fábio Gadelha Rocha JoséJúlio Costa Sidrim Débora de Souza Collares maia Castelo-Branco Department of Pathology and Legal medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical MicrobiologyGroup of Applied Medical MicrobiologyFederal University of CearáFortalezaCEBrazil Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis School of PharmacyFederal University of CearáFortalezaCEBrazil Department of Pathology and Legal medicine Postgraduate Program in Medical MicrobiologyLaboratory of Emerging and Reemerging PathogensFederal University of CearáFortalezaCEBrazil School of Veterinary medicine Postgraduate Program in Veterinary SciencesState University of CearáFortalezaCEBrazil

Objective:To characterize biofilm production by clinical(n=21)and environmental(n=11)isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei and evaluate the production of proteases,hemolysins and siderophores.methods:Initially,the 32 strains were evaluated for biofilm production in müller-Hinton broth-1%glucose(mH-1%glucose)and BHI broth-1%glucose,using the crystal violet staining technique.Subsequently,growing(48 h)and mature(72 h)biofilms were evaluated by confocal microscopy.Finally,the production of proteases,hemolysins and siderophores by planktonic aggregates,growing biofilms and mature biofilms was evaluated.Results:All isolates produced biofilms,but clinical isolates had significantly higher biomass in both mH-1%glucose(Pnd BHI-glucose 1%(P=0.005).The structural analyses by confocal microscopy showed thick biofilms,composed of multiple layers of cells,homogeneously arranged,with mature biofilms of clinical isolates presenting higher biomass(P=0.019)and thickness of the entire area(P=0.029),and lower roughness coefficient(P=0.007)than those of environmental isolates.Protease production by growing biofilms was significantly greater than that of planktonic(Pnd mature biofilms(Pmolysin release by planktonic aggregates was higher than that of biofilms(Png siderophores,mature biofilms presented higher production than growing biofilms(Pnd planktonic aggregates(Pnclusions:Clinical isolates have higher production of biofilms than their environmental counterparts;protease and siderophores seem important for growth and maintenance of Burkholderia pseudomallei biofilms.

关键词： mangosteen Burkholderia pseudomallei Biofilms Proteases Hemolysins Siderophores