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Principles for managing marine ecosystems prone to tipping points

ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第5期1卷 15-32页

作者： Kimberly A.Selkoe Thorsten Blenckner Margaret R.Caldwell Larry B.Crowder Ashley L.erickson Timothy e.essington James A.estes Rod M.Fujita Benjamin S.Halpern Mary e.Hunsicker Carrie V.Kappel Ryan P.Kelly John N.Kittinger Phillip S.Levin John M.Lynham Megan e.Mach Rebecca G.Martone Lindley A.Mease Anne KSalomon Jameal F.Samhouri Courtney Scarborough Adrian C.Stier Crow White joy Zedler National Center for ecological Analysis and Synthesis 735 State StreetSuite 300Santa BarbaraCalifornia 93101 USA Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology University of HawaiiKaneoheHawaii 96744 USA Stockholm Resilience Centre Stockholm UniversityKra¨ftriket 2B10691 StockholmSweden Center for Ocean Solutions Stanford Woods Institute for the EnvironmentStanford University473 Via Ortega Room 193StanfordCalifornia 94305 USA School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195 USA Department of ecology and evolutionary Biology 100 Shaffer RoadUniversity of CaliforniaSanta CruzCalifornia 95060 USA environmental Defense Fund 123 Mission Street28th FloorSan FranciscoCalifornia 94105 USA Bren School of environmental Science and Management University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCalifornia 93106 USA Imperial College London Silwood Park CampusBuckhurst RoadAscot SL57PY United Kingdom School of Marine and environmental Affairs University of Washington3707 Brooklyn Avenue NESeattleWashington 98105-6715 USA Conservation International Betty and Gordon Moore Center for Science and Oceans7192 Kalaniana‘ole HighwaySuite G230HonoluluHawaii 96825 USA Conservation Biology Division Northwest Fisheries Science CenterNational Marine Fisheries ServiceNational Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration2725 Montlake Boulevard EastSeattleWashington 98112 USA Department of economics University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHawaii 96822 USA School of Resource and environmental Management Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish Columbia V5A1S6 Canada Department of Biological Sciences California Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis ObispoCalifornia 93407 USA Botany Department University of WisconsinMadisonWisconsin 53706 USA

As climatic changes and human uses intensify,resource managers and other decision makers are taking actions to either avoid or respond to ecosystem tipping points,or dramatic shifts in structure and function that are often costly and hard to *** indicates that explicitly addressing tipping points leads to improved management *** on theory and examples from marine systems,we distill a set of seven principles to guide effective management in ecosystems with tipping points,derived from the best available *** principles are based on observations that tipping points(1)are possible everywhere,(2)are associated with intense and/or multifaceted human use,(3)may be preceded by changes in earlywarning indicators,(4)may redistribute benefits among stakeholders,(5)affect the relative costs of action and inaction,(6)suggest biologically informed management targets,and(7)often require an adaptive response to *** suggest that early action to preserve system resilience is likely more practical,affordable,and effective than late action to halt or reverse a tipping *** articulate a conceptual approach to management focused on linking management targets to thresholds,tracking early-warning signals of ecosystem instability,and stepping up investment in monitoring and mitigation as the likelihood of dramatic ecosystem change *** approach can simplify and economize management by allowing decision makers to capitalize on the increasing value of precise information about threshold relationships when a system is closer to tipping or by ensuring that restoration effort is sufficient to tip a system into the desired regime.

关键词： critical transition ecosystem-based management marine spatial planning nonlinear relationships restoration ecology stakeholder engagement

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evaluation of Sperm DNA Fragmentation amongst Infertile Black Africans. A Nigerian Study

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Open Journal of Urology 2018年第11期8卷 297-316页

作者： Abayomi B. Ajayi Bamgboye M. Afolabi Victor D. Ajayi Ifeoluwa O. Oyetunji Adedamilola Atiba Seun Saanu Ayodeji T. Adeoye Temilade e. Adeshida joy ehichioya Ibukun I. Ayelehin Nordica Fertility Center Lagos Nigeria Health Environment and Development Foundation Lagos Nigeria

Background: Male infertility is approaching an epidemic proportion. Almost 50% of all cases of infertility may be associated with a male factor. The diagnostic usefulness of sperm DNA integrity is now accessible as an additional tool to Seminal Fluid Analysis. Objective: To assess sperm DNA fragmentation index (SDFI) in male infertility and its relationship with obesity, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking among infertile Nigerians. Patients and Methods: Patients who presented for infertility at three health facilities of Nordica Fertility Center in Lagos, Asaba and Abuja cities in Nigeria. STATA 13 was used for student’s t-test to compare the means of continuous variables among smokers and non-smokers and among alcohol consumers and non-consumers. Linear regression analysis was employed to assess the correlation between SDFI as dependent variable and some independent variables. Results: There was no significant difference in the SDFI of men aged −1.80, P-value = 0.04) than that of obese men (30.2%). Obese men were 2.12 times as likely to have SDFI ≥25% compared to normal weight men (χ2-2.16, P-value = 0.14, OR = 2.12, 95% CI: 0.77, 5.80). Mean SDFI of men who consume alcohol (37.1%) was significantly higher (t = −1.97, P-value = 0.03) than that of those who did not consume alcohol. Although Pearson’s correlation matrix (r) indicated that sperm DNA fragmentation index was positively correlated with history of infertility (r = 0.01), groin surgery (r = 0.04), mumps (r = 0.04) and sexually transmitted illness (r = 0.04), however the degree of correlation was not significant (P-value ≥ 0.5) in each case. Conclusion: This is the first report in Black Africa that describes a correlation between sperm DNA integrity, as measured by the halo test and age, BMI and alcohol consumption. Men with normal BMI were more likely to have excellent to good SDFI and hence good fertility potential. Data from this study indicate that the infertile men had significan

关键词： Sperm Fragmentation Index Obesity Alcohol Consumption Male Infertility Assisted Reproduction Technology Black Africans

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Social and Behavioral Determinants of Health in the era of Artificial Intelligence with electronic Health Records:A Scoping Review

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Health Data Science 2021年第1期2021卷 41-59页

作者： Anusha Bompelli Yanshan Wang Ruyuan Wan esha Singh Yuqi Zhou Lin Xu David Oniani Bhavani Singh Agnikula Kshatriya joyce(joy)e.Balls-Berry Rui Zhang Department of Pharmaceutical Care&Health Systems University of MinnesotaUSA Department of Health Information Management University of PittsburghUSA Department of Computer Science University of MinnesotaUSA Institute for Health Informatics and College of Pharmacy University of MinnesotaUSA Carlson School of Business University of MinnesotaUSA Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Luther CollegeUSA Center for Digital Health Mayo ClinicUSA Department of Neurology Washington University in St.LouisUSA Institute for Health Informatics Department of Pharmaceutical Care&Health SystemsUniversity of MinnesotaUSA

*** is growing evidence that social and behavioral determinants of health(SBDH)play a substantial effect in a wide range of health *** health records(eHRs)have been widely employed to conduct observational studies in the age of artificial intelligence(AI).However,there has been limited review into how to make the most of SBDH information from eHRs using AI ***.A systematic search was conducted in six databases to find relevant peer-reviewed publications that had recently been *** was determined by screening and evaluating the *** on selected relevant studies,a methodological analysis of AI algorithms leveraging SBDH information in eHR data was *** synthesis was driven by an analysis of SBDH categories,the relationship between SBDH and healthcare-related statuses,natural language processing(NLP)approaches for extracting SBDH from clinical notes,and predictive models using SBDH for health *** associations between SBDH and health outcomes are complicated and diverse;several pathways may be *** NLP technology to support the extraction of SBDH and other clinical ideas simplifies the identification and extraction of essential concepts from clinical data,efficiently unlocks unstructured data,and aids in the resolution of unstructured data-related *** known associations between SBDH and diseases,SBDH factors are rarely investigated as interventions to improve patient *** knowledge about SBDH and how SBDH data can be collected from eHRs using NLP approaches and predictive models improves the chances of influencing health policy change for patient wellness,ultimately promoting health and health equity.

关键词： spite policy publications

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小麦胚乳-GUS瞬间表达体系的确立

小麦胚乳-GUS瞬间表达体系的确立

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全国作物生物技术与诱变技术学术研讨会

作者：苗红梅 joy e Fleming 赵永英易明林郅玉宝陈占宽河南省农业科学院生物技术研究所河南省农作物新品种重点实验室

＜正＞本文利用CaMV35S-GUS表达载体对小麦胚乳瞬间表达体系进行了研究。影响小麦胚乳GUS活性的因素有多种,包括小麦胚乳发育时期、胚乳预培养与否以及轰击压力等。结果表明:利用小麦离体胚乳进行特定启动子表达特性研究过程中,可以选...

＜正＞本文利用CaMV35S-GUS表达载体对小麦胚乳瞬间表达体系进行了研究。影响小麦胚乳GUS活性的因素有多种,包括小麦胚乳发育时期、胚乳预培养与否以及轰击压力等。结果表明:利用小麦离体胚乳进行特定启动子表达特性研究过程中,可以选用小麦胚乳6-16DPA（day post anthesis）,但以8-10DPA为最好,过嫩或过老的胚乳细胞活性明显降低,影响GUS表达;剥离后的预培养处理使三倍体的胚乳组织活性降低,不利于GUS活性的表达和检测,应在胚乳剥离当天即进行基因枪轰击;可以选择650-1100psi压力进行基因枪轰击,轰击压力在900psi左右时,部分胚乳中GUS表达的蓝点数增加,相对降低轰击压力,有利于GUS基因的表达和检测。本次研究还对小麦不同品种进行了轰击和GUS活性检测,发现不同品种间胚乳表现的GUS活性差异显著,但与胚乳材料的状态更有关系。

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Mitigating the Impact of CFO Phenomena for an MC-CDMA System over the Small-scale Fading

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2010年第3期7卷 74-83页

作者： joy Iong-Zong Chen Chieh-Wen Liou Department of Communication engineering Dayeh University Chunghua 51505 Taiwan Department of electrical engineering Ching-Ming Technique Institute Miaoli County 351 Taiwan

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地下水铀污染的原位微生物还原与固定：在美国能源部田纳西橡树岭放射物污染现场的试验

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环境科学学报 2011年第3期31卷 449-459页

作者：吴唯民 Jack Carley David Watson 顾宝华 Scott Brooks Shelly D.Kelly Kenneth Kemner joy D.van Nostrand 吴力游许玫英周集中罗剑 erick Cardenas 黄家琪 Matthew W.Fields Terence L.Marsh James M.Tiedje Stefan J.Green Joel e.Kostka Peter K.Kitanidis Philip M.Jardme CraigS.Criddle 美国斯坦福大学土木与环境工程系 StanfordCA94305USA 美国橡树岭国家实验室环境科学部 OakRidgeTN37831USA 美国阿岗国家实验室生物科学部 ArgonneIL60439USA 美国俄克拉荷马大学植物-与微生物学系 NormanOK73019USA 广东省微生物研究所广州510070 美国乔冶亚理工学院土木与环境工程系 AtlantaGA30332USA 美国密歇根州立大学微生物生态中心 EastLansingMI48823USA 美国蒙大拿州立大学生物膜工程中心 BozemanMT59717USA 美国佛罗里达州立大学地球海洋大气科学系 TallahasseeFL32306USA 美国田纳西大学生物系统工程与土壤科学系 KnoxvilleTN37996USA

总结了美国斯坦福大学和橡树岭国家实验室等在美国能源部田纳西州橡树岭综合试验基地进行的铀污染原位微生物修复阶段性试验结果.本试验利用微生物以乙醇为电子供体还原地下水和沉积物中的六价铀为不溶解的四价铀,使之原位固定化.随后... 详细信息

总结了美国斯坦福大学和橡树岭国家实验室等在美国能源部田纳西州橡树岭综合试验基地进行的铀污染原位微生物修复阶段性试验结果.本试验利用微生物以乙醇为电子供体还原地下水和沉积物中的六价铀为不溶解的四价铀,使之原位固定化.随后通过加入溶解氧和硝酸盐来试验微生物还原后的地下水层中还原固定态铀的稳定性.通过预处理和长期间隔注入乙醇溶液,地下水中铀浓度从40～60mg·L-1降至0.03mg·L-1以下,达到了美国环保署饮用水的标准.还原的四价铀主要以U(Ⅳ)-Fe复合物的形态存在.结果表明,固定化后的四价铀只有在厌氧条件下才是稳定的,溶解氧和硝酸盐侵入地下水层后会使固定化的四价铀重新氧化为溶解态的六价铀.在试验过程中,采用多种分子生物学方法检测了微生物种群的变化和与铀氧化还原反应有关的功能微生物.本研究表明,在维持试验系统无氧和无硝酸盐的条件下,通过添加乙醇为电子供体可有效地促进地下水中土著功能微生物的活性,从而实现铀的原位还原固定与稳定.

关键词：铀污染微生物还原原位生物修复地下水沉积物

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The Legacy of 1968： The Prague Spring, the Invasion of Czechoslovakia, and Poland＇s March events

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2014年第5期2卷 323-335页

作者： Stephen e. Medvec Holy Family University Philadelphia USA

The year of 1968 was a pivotal year that impacts the United States and the world to this very day, forty years later. It was a year in the United States that witnessed the assassinations of Martin Luther King, Jr., in April and of Robert Kennedy in June, ongoing student protests against the war in Vietnam, the Tet offensive and the My Lai Massacre, the upheaval of the Democratic National Convention in Chicago in August, as well as the civil rights movement and the initial manifestations of the women＇s movement and the environmental movement. Moreover, beyond the borders of the United States, student demonstrations against government oppression occurred in Warsaw in March, in Paris in May, and in Mexico City in September tied to the Olympic Games that year in Mexico. The researchers also witnessed the joy of the Prague Spring from January until the subsequent Soviet-led Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia at the end of August. Richard M. Nixon was elected president of the United States in November, the counterrevolution of conservatism, if you will, that may have run its 40-year course with the administration of George W. Bush and the election on November 4 2008 of Democratic Illinois Senator Barack Obama.

关键词： civil rights movement government oppression the Prague Spring conservatism

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让教学成为神圣的艺术 5

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丛书名：名师工程·新教育力译丛

2017年

作者： Rev.Jane e.Vennard

《让教学成为神圣的艺术》以多种方式进行研究，揭开了教学的神秘面纱，展现了教育教学中方方面面的欢乐。作者简·e.温纳德将传统方式与**规方式结合，引用自己和其他教师的亲身经历，向读者们展现了一副开阔的教学画面，并阐述了教师... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9787562186885

《让教学成为神圣的艺术》以多种方式进行研究，揭开了教学的神秘面纱，展现了教育教学中方方面面的欢乐。作者简·e.温纳德将传统方式与**规方式结合，引用自己和其他教师的亲身经历，向读者们展现了一副开阔的教学画面，并阐述了教师在日常生活中所应当关心留意的责任。作者生动地描写了教学生活中的混乱、疑惑、欢乐与挫败，使读者能够从中获取经验并铭记自己的教学历程。此外，本书设计了许多练习与活动，以此引导读者进行反思，帮助读者从挫折中重新振作，积极面对教学生活。本书适合广大教育工作者阅读。

关键词：教育工作

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“唯乐不可以为伪”:对儒家乐教真情本质的考察

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上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2022年第6期51卷 65-74页

作者：魏冰娥上海大学马克思主义学院上海200444

“唯乐不可以为伪”阐明儒家的“乐”(yue)以真情成其感人深、化人速、致人乐(le)、效最捷之教。儒家乐教的真情本质自孔子发问:“人而不仁,如乐何?”便以“仁”所内含的“爱人”之情与“乐”所建塑的“合爱”之情同真并启;又经《荀子... 详细信息

“唯乐不可以为伪”阐明儒家的“乐”(yue)以真情成其感人深、化人速、致人乐(le)、效最捷之教。儒家乐教的真情本质自孔子发问:“人而不仁,如乐何?”便以“仁”所内含的“爱人”之情与“乐”所建塑的“合爱”之情同真并启;又经《荀子·乐论》《礼记·乐记》、嵇康《声无哀乐论》直证:“生于心”“感物而动”“不可免”的“乐”是“其声出于情也信”与“乐行志清”;并在诗、乐一体中以“好善恶恶”之真志“兴观群怨”,助推“礼”之践行。主体在乐所营造的真情世界,打开、抒发、共鸣、相知自身“仁心”中的真情,乐(le)且同乐(le)地化成仁者和仁之礼文社会。

关键词：儒家乐乐教真情礼

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傣族象脚鼓舞舞蹈形态研究

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北京舞蹈学院学报 2016年第4期 91-95页

作者：额瑜婷郭田玉溪师范学院玉溪653100 北京舞蹈学院北京100081

象脚鼓舞是中国南传上座部佛教文化圈的一种文化艺术形式。本文深入细致地比较研究、梳理和剖析傣族象脚鼓舞舞蹈形态的共性特征与区域个性特点,进而将其划分为灵活型、欢快型、稳健型、技巧型、鼓语型五种类型,旨在厘清傣族象脚鼓舞演... 详细信息

象脚鼓舞是中国南传上座部佛教文化圈的一种文化艺术形式。本文深入细致地比较研究、梳理和剖析傣族象脚鼓舞舞蹈形态的共性特征与区域个性特点,进而将其划分为灵活型、欢快型、稳健型、技巧型、鼓语型五种类型,旨在厘清傣族象脚鼓舞演变、发展和流播的文化关联和历史脉络。本文还就象脚鼓舞的舞蹈形态多样性与多元共存、民族情感维系与文化认同等维度,讨论傣族象脚鼓舞在当今社会的文化价值。

关键词：傣族象脚鼓舞舞蹈形态文化价值

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