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Thermochemical recycling of waste disposable facemasks in a non‑electrically powered system

Low-carbon Materials and Green Construction 2023年第1期1卷 146-156页

作者： Kingsley O.Iwuozor Ebuka Chizitere Emenike Agbana Abiodun Stephen Otoikhian Shegun Kevin joy adeleke Adewale George Adeniyi Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityP.M.B.5025AwkaNigeria Department of Chemical Engineering University of IlorinP.M.B.1515IlorinNigeria Edo State University UzairueNigeria Chemical Engineering Department Landmark UniversityOmu‑AranNigeria.

2019年新冠病毒肆虐,为更好的防护和疫情管理,人们使用了大量的塑料基个人防护用品(PPE)。然而,大量生产和使用个人防护用品给环境造成巨大的压力,特别对发展中国家和不发达国家。因此,许多科研人员研究如何有效且低成本回收这些废弃材... 详细信息

2019年新冠病毒肆虐,为更好的防护和疫情管理,人们使用了大量的塑料基个人防护用品(PPE)。然而,大量生产和使用个人防护用品给环境造成巨大的压力,特别对发展中国家和不发达国家。因此,许多科研人员研究如何有效且低成本回收这些废弃材料的技术,例如针对一次性口罩。以前的研究聚焦于使用电力反应堆进行热化学转换,然而这些反应堆不能在电力供应不足的地区使用。在本文中,作者利用生物质动力反应器将废弃的一次性口罩和杏树叶转化为混合生物炭。该反应器由生物质提供燃料动力,相对便宜、使用简单、环保,并可经过改造后制备生物炭。持续100分钟的共同燃烧碳化过程可得到46%的生物炭产率,高于其他研究人员获得的生物炭产率。随后,对得到的生物炭进行表征以确定其性能。红外光谱分析表明,生物炭中含有烯烃、炔烃、羟基、胺、羰基等官能团。能量色散X射线光谱分析表明,生物炭主要由碳、碲、氧和钙组成,其含量分别为57%、19%、9%和7%。加入废弃的一次性口罩共同燃烧制备生物炭,能有效降低制备而成的生物炭材料的表面积和孔隙率。

关键词：生物炭生物质 Covid-19 口罩热化学转换

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Epidemiology of Mpox Outbreaks and Implications for Surveillance in Imo State, Nigeria

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 206-212页

作者： Adeniyi A. Adeniran Ebubechi C. Eronini Olugbenga Asaolu Simisola Adedeji Adaeze joy Ugwu Marcus Oludare Faith Ehiaghe Ugba Aibinuomo Ayomide Oluwaseyi Tella Adedamola Dania Oluyinka Olayiwola Olanike Suliat Oladele Tinuola Daniel Musa Haruna Adebayo O. Amao John O. Ibitoye Oluwagbemiga Obembe Christopher Obanubi Abdulmalik Abubakar Department of Public and Allied Health Babcock University Ilishan-Remo Nigeria Department of Public Health University of Suffolk Waterfront Building UK Department of Public Health EUCLID University Greater Bajul The Gambia Department of Public Health Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK College of Medicine Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Environmental Health Sciences University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Public Health Texila American University Georgetown Guyana School of Public Health University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria Department of Nursing Adeleke University Ede Nigeria Department of Public Health Central University of Nicaragua Managua Nicaragua Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences Lagos State University College of Medicine Ikeja Nigeria Catholic Relief Services Abuja Nigeria Department of Political Science Faculty of Social Sciences Bayero University Kano Kano Nigeria

Mpox disease is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus, genus Orthopoxvirus of the family Poxviridae. The incubation period is usually 6 to 13 days but can range from 5 to 21 days while symptoms and signs may persist for 2 to 5 weeks. Although, the clinical features are usually less severe when compared to the deadly smallpox, the disease can be fatal with case fatality rate between 1% and 10%. In Imo State, Nigeria, there has been a changing epidemiology of the disease in the last 6 years and the frequency and geographic distribution of cases have progressively increased. This study aims to conduct a review of the disease epidemiology between 2017 and 2023 and implications for surveillance in Imo State. Surveillance data from the Surveillance Outbreak Response and Management System (SORMAS) was extracted between January 2017 and December 2023 across the 27 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Imo State. A line list of 231 suspected cases was downloaded into an excel template and analyzed using SPSS® version 20 software. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics and associations were tested using Fischer’s exact at 0.05 level of significance. Of the 231 suspected cases, 57.1% (132) were males, 42.9% (99) were females and the modal age group was between the ages of 0 - 4 (32.5%). Eight (8) LGAs (districts) accounted for 71% (n = 164) of all the suspected cases. 21.2% (49) were confirmed positive, 27 males (55.1%) and 22 females (44.9%) (p > 0.05). Modal age group was 20 - 24 (22.4%, n = 11), 18% (9) were children under 14 years, p > 0.05. Case fatality rate was 8% (n = 4). There was no significant association between mortality and age group. Five (5) LGAs accounted for about 60% (29) of all confirmed cases. These LGAs contribute only 20% to the total population in the State. Only 5.6% and 4% of suspected and confirmed cases, respectively, had knowledge of contact with an infectious source. The study described the epidemiology of Mpox outbreaks between 2017

关键词： Mpox Epidemiology Outbreak Surveillance

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