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Systematic review and meta-analysis of seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus serological markers among pregnant women in Africa, 1984-2020

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2023年第5期12卷 264-285页

作者： Jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo Sebastien Kenmoe Chris Andre Mbongue Mikangue Serges Tchatchouang Lontuo-Fogang Robertine Guy Roussel Takuissu Juliette Laure Ndzie Ondigui Arnol Bowo-Ngandji Raoul kenfack-Momo Cyprien Kengne-Ndé Donatien Serge Mbaga Elisabeth Zeuko'o Menkem Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse Jeannette Nina Magoudjou-Pekam josiane kenfack-zanguim Seraphine Nkie Esemu Paul Alain Tagnouokam-Ngoupo Lucy Ndip Richard Njouom Center for Research in Health and Priority Pathologies Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants StudiesYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology University of BueaBuea 00237Cameroon Department of Microbiology The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Scientific Direction Centre Pasteur du CamerounYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Animal Biology University of DschangDschang 00237Cameroon Centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition ResearchInstitute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants StudiesYaounde 00237Cameroon Department of Biochemistry The University of Yaounde IYaounde 00237Cameroon Epidemiological Surveillance Evaluation and Research UnitNational AIDS Control CommitteeDouala 00237Cameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences University of BueaBuea 00237Cameroon Department of Virology Centre Pasteur du CamerounYaounde 00237Cameroon

BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)is a major public health concern,particularly in Africa where HIV rates remain *** women are at an increased risk of acquiring HIV,which has a significant impact on both maternal and child *** To review summarizes HIV seroprevalence among pregnant women in *** also identifies regional and clinical characteristics that contribute to study-specific estimates *** The study included pregnant women from any African country or region,irrespective of their symptoms,and any study design conducted in any *** electronic literature searches,articles published until February 2023 were *** quality of the included studies was *** DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was applied to determine HIV pooled seroprevalence among pregnant women in *** and sensitivity analyses were conducted to identify potential sources of *** was assessed with Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics,and publication bias was assessed with Egger's *** A total of 248 studies conducted between 1984 and 2020 were included in the quantitative synthesis(meta-analysis).Out of the total studies,146(58.9%)had a low risk of bias and 102(41.1%)had a moderate risk of *** HIV-positive pregnant women died in the included *** overall HIV seroprevalence in pregnant women was estimated to be 9.3%[95%confidence interval(CI):8.3-10.3].The subgroup analysis showed statistically significant heterogeneity across subgroups(P<0.001),with the highest seroprevalence observed in Southern Africa(29.4%,95%CI:26.5-32.4)and the lowest seroprevalence observed in Northern Africa(0.7%,95%CI:0.3-1.3).CONCLUSION The review found that HIV seroprevalence among pregnant women in African countries remains significant,particularly in Southern African *** review can inform the development of targeted public health interventions to address high HIV seroprevalence

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Pregnant women Africa Prevalence Review Meta-analysis

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Contribution of GIS to Hydromorphometric Characterization of the Nkoup Watershed(Nun Plain-Cameroon)

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Advances in Geological and Geotechnical Engineering Research 2023年第3期5卷 1-15页

作者： Paul Bertrand Tsopkeng josiane Feugue kenfack David Guimolaire Nkouathio Charles Antoine Basseka Leonel Koudjou Tsague Postgraduate School for Pure and Applied Sciences The University of DoualaP.O.Box 2701DoualaCameroon Department of Geography Faculty of Letters and Human SciencesP.O.Box 49The University of DschangCameroon Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of SciencesP.O.Box 67The University of DschangDschangCameroon Department of Hydraulics and Water Management National Advanced School of Engineering of MarouaThe University of MarouaP.O.Box 46MarouaCameroon

The Nkoup watershed(10°35’-10°47’E and 5°27’-5°42’N)is a volcanic zone situated in Nun Plain West Came*** high fertility of the soils makes it a strategic agropastoral area where water resources are heavily exploited and used for several *** to human activities,soils and water resources are deteriorating,giving birth to water pollution and hydromorphological *** work aims to determine the hydromorphometric parameters of the Nkoup watershed so that the data obtained help in the sustainable management of water resources and conservation of *** achieve this aim,various data were collected from DEM dataset derived from SRTM and processed in specialized software(QGIS and ArGIS).The simplified hydrological balance was calculated using the upstream *** Nkoup watershed has:Axial length L_(ax)=25.8 km,Axial Width W_(ax)=11.1 km,Perimeter P=132.6 km,Area A=173.7 km^(2),Average Altitude Ha=1726.3 m,Compactness Index Icomp=2.8,Relief ratio Rr=3.9 m/km,Circularity ratio Rc=0.1,Elongation ratio R=0.1,Drainage texture ratio Rt=0.6,Drainage density Dd=0.5 km/km^(2).Stream Frequency Fs=0.4,Channel Sinuosity Index CSI=0.8,Stream gradient Sg=0.6 and global slope Index Ig=6.8 m/*** specific height Difference Ds=89.4 m shows moderate *** precipitation and evapotranspiration are unevenly *** P=187.7 mm/an,ETP=953.4 mm/an,Q=4.2 m3/s,R=762.5 mm/an,ETR=832.3 mm/an and I=282.9 mm/*** Nkoup,36.9 km long,has a sinuous aspect due to the low slope and the high *** piezometric levels vary according to the seasons and the groundwater flow follows the N-S direction as surface flow.

关键词： Nkoup watershed Water resources Hydromorphometric parameters Hydrological balance Groundwater flows direction

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