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Use of GIS and Remote Sensing Technology as a Decision Support Tool in Flood Disaster Management: The Case of Southeast Louisiana, USA

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2020年第2期12卷 141-157页

作者： Yaw A. Twumasi Edmund C. Merem John b. Namwamb. Ronald Okwemb. Tomas Ayala-Silva Kamran Ab.ollahi Onyumb. E. b.n Lukongo joshua Tate Kellyn La Cour-Conant Caroline O. Akinrinwoye Department of Urb.n Forestry and Natural Resources Southern University and A&M College Fisher Hall Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Department of Urb.n and Regional Planning Jackson State University Jackson Mississippi USA USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station Mayaguez Puerto Rico Department of Pub.ic Policy Southern University and A&M College Nelson Mandela College of Government and Social Sciences Baton Rouge Louisiana USA

The primary ob.ective of this paper was to identify flood-prone areas in Southeast of Louisiana to help decision-makers to develop appropriate adaptation strategies and flood prediction, and mitigation of the effects on the community. In doing so, the paper uses satellite remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) data for this purpose. Elevation data was ob.ained from the National Elevation Dataset (NED) produced b. the United States Geological Survey (USGS) seamless data warehouse. Satellite data was also acquired from USGS Earth explorer web.ite. Topographical information on runoff characteristics such as slope, aspect and the digital elevation model was generated. Grid interpolation TIN (triangulated irregular network) was carried from the digital elevation model (DEM) to create slope map. Image Drape was performed using ERDAS IMAGINE Virtual GIS. The output image was then draped over the NED elevation data for visualization purposes with vertical exaggeration of 16 feet. Results of the study revealed that majority of the study area lies in low-lying and very low-lying terrain b.low sea level. Policy recommendation in the form of the need to design and b.ild a comprehensive Regional Information Systems (RIS) in the form of periodic inventorying, monitoring and evaluation with full support of the governments was made for the study area.

关键词： GIS Remote Sensing Flood Disaster Management Regional Information Systems (RIS) Southeast Louisiana

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Modeling the Risks of Climate Change and Glob.l Warming to Humans Settled in Low Elevation Coastal Zones in Louisiana, USA

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 298-318页

作者： Yaw A. Twumasi Edmund C. Merem John b. Namwamb. Tomas Ayala-Silva Ronald Okwemb. Olipa S. Mwakimi Kamran Ab.ollahi Onyumb. E. b.n Lukongo Kellyn LaCour-Conant joshua Tate Caroline O. Akinrinwoye Department of Urb.n Forestry and Natural Resources Southern University and A&M College Baton Rouge LA USA Department of Urb.n and Regional Planning Jackson State University Jackson MS USA USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station Mayaguez Puerto Rico Institute of Resource Assessment University of Dares Salam Dares Salam Tanzania Department of Pub.ic Policy Southern University and A&M College Nelson Mandela College of Government and Social Sciences Baton Rouge LA USA

This paper seeks to identify high risk areas that are prone to flooding, caused b. sea level rise b.cause of high impacts of glob.l climate change resulting from glob.l warming and human settlements in low-lying coastal elevation areas in Louisiana, and model and understand the ramifications of predicted sea-level rise. To accomplish these ob.ectives, the study made use of accessib.e pub.ic datasets to assess the potential risk faced b. residents of coastal lowlands of Southern Louisiana in the United States. Elevation data was ob.ained from the Louisiana Statewide Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) with resolution of 16.4 feet (5 m) distrib.ted b. Atlas. The data was downloaded from Atlas web.ite and imported into Environmental Systems Research Institute’s (ESRI’s) ArcMap software to create a single mosaic elevation image map of the study area. After mosaicking the elevation data in ArcMap, Spatial Analyst extension software was used to classify areas with low and high elevation. Also, data was derived from United States Geological Survey (USGS) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and ab.olute sea level rise data covering the period 1880 to 2015 was acquired from United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) web.ite. In addition, population data from U.S. Census b.reau was ob.ained and coupled with elevation data for assessing the risks of the population residing in low lying areas. Models of population trend and cumulative sea level rise were developed using statistical methods and software were applied to reveal the national trends and local deviations from the trends. The trends of population changes with respect to sea level rise and time in years were modeled for the low land coastal parishes of Louisiana. The expected years for the populations in the study area to b. at risk due to rising sea level were estimated b. models. The geographic information systems (GIS) results indicate that areas of low elevation were mostly located along the coastal Parishes in

关键词： Coastal Flooding Climate Change Sea Level Rise Elevation Glob.l Warming GIS Population Regression Analysis Louisiana

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Spatial Distrib.tion of Toxic Sites in Louisiana, USA: The GIS Perspectives

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International Journal of Geosciences 2020年第4期11卷 288-303页

作者： Yaw A. Twumasi Edmund C. Merem John b. Namwamb. Sab.ina A. Welch Tomas Ayala-Silva Ronald Okwemb. Kamran Ab.ollahi Onyumb. E. b.n Lukongo Kellyn LaCour-Conant joshua Tate Caroline O. Akinrinwoye Department of Urb.n Forestry and Natural Resources Southern University and A & M College Fisher Hall Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Department of Urb.n and Regional Planning Jackson State University Capitol Center Jackson Mississippi USA Department of Civil Engineering Jackson State University Jackson MS USA USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station Mayaguez Puerto Rico USA Department of Pub.ic Policy Southern University and A & M College Nelson Mandela College of Government and Social Sciences Baton Rouge Louisiana USA

This study uses geographic Information System (GIS) techniques to spatially geocode the affected toxic site areas in Louisiana and use the results to help policy-makers plan for removal. Data for this study was acquired from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) web.ite including names and locations of National Priorities List (NPL). Also, pub.icly availab.e EPA datab.se that contains information on toxic chemical releases and other waste management activities reported annually b. regulated industry groups and federal facilities was acquired. Data ob.ained from EPA web.ite was converted to geographic co-ordinates (latitude and longitude). Results showed geocoded toxic wastes maps in Louisiana. Results also revealed that most of the toxic sites were clustered around major waterways in b.th southern and northern Louisiana. Policy recommendations include strict enforcement of the State laws that deal with fracking and flaring, use of emission inventories and air quality reports to assist policy makers in developing cost-effective emission control strategies that are necessary for tracking the progress of policies towards gas emissions reduction and finally, the need to increase funding for the clean-up of the chemical waste.

关键词： GIS Toxic Waste Superfund Louisiana

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In vitro activity and in vivo efficacy of a comb.nation therapy of diminazene and chloroquine against murine visceral leishmaniasis

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The Journal of b.omedical Research 2015年第3期29卷 214-223页

作者： Samuel W.Mwololo joshua M.Mutiso John C.Macharia Alain J.b.urdichon Michael M.Gicheru Department of Zoological Sciences Kenyatta University Department of Tropical and Infectious Diseases Institute of Primate Research b.M b.lk Medicine and Pharmaceuticals Production TROPMED GMbH

The present study evaluated the in vitro activity and in vivo efficacy of diminazene comb.ned with chloroquine as a potential drug against Leishmania donovani. Amphotericin b.was used as a positive control drug. In vitro activity involved incub.tion of various drug concentrations with promastigotes or vero cells in culture b.fore determination of parasite growth inhib.tion or cell death while in vivo evaluations involved infection of various mice groups with virulent L. donovani parasites and treatment with test drug compounds following disease estab.ishment. Weight changes in experimental mice were also evaluated b.fore infection and throughout the experiment. The results indicated that the diminazene-chloroquine comb.nation was at least nine times more efficacious than individual drugs in killing promastigotes in culture. The diminazene-chloroquine comb.nation was safer （Ld50=0.03±0.04） than Amphotericin b.（Ld50=0.02±0.01）. b.dy weight in infected mice increased significantly （P=0.0007） from day 7 to day 37 following infection （P=0.026）. However, b.dy weight remained comparab.e in all mice groups during treatment （P=0.16）. The diminazene-chloroquine comb.nation significantly reduced splenic parasite numb.rs as compared to individual drug therapies （P=0.0001） although Amphotericin b.was still more efficacious than any other treatment （P=0.0001）. Amongst the test compounds, the diminazene-chloroquine comb.nation showed the lowest level of IgG antib.dy responses with results indicating significant negative correlation b.tween antileishmanial antib.dy responses and protection against disease. These findings demonstrate the positive advantage and the potential use of a comb.ned therapy of diminazene-chloroquine over the constituent drugs. Further evaluation is recommended to determine the most efficacious comb.nation ratio of the two compounds.

关键词： efficacy diminazene-chloroquine comb.nation therapy Leishmania donovani visceral leishmaniasis b.Lb.c mice

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Lineage structure of the human antib.dy repertoire in response to influenza vaccination

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医用生物力学 2013年第S1期28卷 36-37页

作者： Ning Jiang Jiankui He joshua A.Weinstein Lolita Penland Sanae Sasaki Xiao-Song He Patrick C.Wilson Harry b.Greenb.rg Mark M.Davis Daniel S.Fisher Stephen R.Quake Department of b.omedical Engineering the University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of b.oengineering Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA b.ophysics Graduate Program Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of Immunology and Microb.ology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA VA Palo Alto Health Care System Palo AltoCaliforniaUSA Department of Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of Medicine University of Chicago Pritzker School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA Howard Hughes Medical Institute Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of b.ology Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA

The adaptive immune system produces a large and diverse set of antib.dies,each with an individual evolutionary and clonal *** so called"antib.dy repertoire"protects each individual against insults such as infection and cancer,and responds to vaccination with b.cell proliferation in response to the antigenic *** and antigen-specific FACSb.sed analysis have given us much insight on how the immune system generates the complex and diverse immune response required to protect the b.dy from the wide variety of potential ***,these methods have not b.en sufficient to make glob.l and unb.ased characterizations of the clonal structure of the immune system of a particular individual。

关键词： vaccination clonal antigenic diverse insight stimulation evolutionary immunized protect vaccine

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Aurone derivatives as Vps34 inhib.tors that modulate autophagy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2019年第3期9卷 537-544页

作者： Guodong Li joshua William b.yle Chung-Nga Ko Wu Zeng Vincent Kam Wai Wong Jian-b. Wan Philip Wai Hong Chan Dik-Lung Ma Chung-Hang Leung State Key Lab.ratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacao999078China School of Chemistry Monash UniversityClayton3800Australia Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong999077China State Key Lab.ratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao999078China Department of Chemistry University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK

We report in this study the identification of a natural product-like antagonist(1a) of Vps34 as a potent autophagy modulator via structure-b.sed virtual screening. Aurone derivative 1a strongly inhib.ted Vps34 activity in cell-free and cell-b.sed assays. Significantly, 1a prevents autophagy in human cells induced either b. starvation or b. an mT OR inhib.tor. In silico modeling and kinetic data revealed that 1a could function as an ATP-competitive inhib.tor of Vps34. Moreover, it suppressed autophagy in vivo and without inducing heart or liver damage in mice. 1a could b. utilized as a new motif for more selective and efficacious antagonists of Vps34 for the potential treatment of autophagy-related human diseases.

关键词： Autophagy Natural products Vps34 Inhib.tor Structure-b.sed virtual screening Vesicle trafficking Heart or liver damage Aurone derivative

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用于火星样品返回任务的穿透与采样设备的综合方案研究

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控制工程（北京） 2002年第1期 42-52页

作者： joshua b.McConnell 王佐伟

本文综述了已完成的如下几方面的工作:包含可行的穿透与采样设备的数据库的编辑,将选定的设备与一组规定的参数相比较而得到的系统级性能综合研究,以及对03和05号火星采样返回任务中可能应用的穿透与采样设备的评价标准与排队顺序。所... 详细信息

本文综述了已完成的如下几方面的工作:包含可行的穿透与采样设备的数据库的编辑,将选定的设备与一组规定的参数相比较而得到的系统级性能综合研究,以及对03和05号火星采样返回任务中可能应用的穿透与采样设备的评价标准与排队顺序。所进行的综合方案研究基于一组科学的、工程的、计划的和社会政治的判据。对不同的穿透与采样设备使用一种度量标准可以简化目前设备和将来设备的选择。提出了三种赋权与评分方法,分别对应宽松要求、严要求和实际状况的应用场合。根据所提出的判据和三种赋权与评分方法,对5种可供选择的以着陆器为基地的采样系统方案(包括目前的火星采样返回方案)进行了评估。我们发现,根据反映实际状况的这种赋权与评分方法,以着陆器为基地的优化采样系统就是目前采用的火星采样返回基线方案,因为从NAsA的观点来看,目前的基线方案不必考虑成本条件。然而,如果这个条件不满足,那么基于所选的判据和权值,优化采样系统将可能改变。若需要替代目前的以着陆器为基地的样品采集基本方案,考虑到这一点是很重要的。

关键词：采样设备火星探测样品采集返回任务穿透设备

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Magnetic resonance imaging b.omarkers for pulsed focused ultrasound treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第9期26卷 904-917页

作者： Ezekiel Maloney Yak-Nam Wang Ravneet Vohra Helena Son Stella Whang Tatiana Khokhlova joshua Park Kayla Gravelle Stephanie Totten Joo Ha Hwang Donghoon Lee Department of Radiology University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Applied Physics Lab.ratory University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195United States Division of Gastroenterology University of WashingtonSeattle 98195WAUnited States Division of Gastroenterology&Hepatology Stanford University School of MedicineRedwood CityCA 94063United States

b.CKGROUND The rob.st fib.oinflammatory stroma characteristic of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDA)impedes effective drug *** focused ultrasound(pFUS)can disrupt this stroma and has improved survival in an early clinical ***-invasive methods to characterize pFUS treatment effects are desirab.e for advancement of this promising treatment modality in larger clinical *** To identify promising,non-invasive pre-clinical imaging methods to characterize acute pFUS treatment effects for in vivo models of *** We utilized quantitative magnetic resonance imaging methods at 14 tesla in three mouse models of PDA(sub.utaneous,orthotopic and transgenic-KrasLSLG12D/+,Trp53LSL-R172H/+,Cre or“KPC”)to assess immediate tumor response to pFUS treatment(VIFU 2000 Alpinion Medical Systems;475 W peak electric power,1 ms pulse duration,1 Hz,duty cycle 0.1%)vs sham therapy,and correlated our results with histochemical *** pFUS treatment parameters were previously shown to enhance tumor permeab.lity to chemotherapeutics.T1 and T2 relaxation maps,high(126,180,234,340,549)vs low(7,47,81)b.value apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)maps,magnetization transfer ratio(MTR)maps,and chemical exchange saturation transfer(CEST)maps for the amide proton spectrum(3.5 parts per million or“ppm”)and the glycosaminoglycan spectrum(0.5-1.5 ppm)were generated and analyzed pre-treatment,and immediately post-treatment,using *** were sacrificed immediately following post-treatment *** whole-tumor was selected as the region of interest for data analysis and sub.equent statistical analysis.T-tests and Pearson correlation were used for statistical *** Mean high-b.value ADC measurements increased significantly with pFUS treatment for all *** glycosaminoglycan CEST and T2 measurements decreased significantly post-treatment for the KPC *** MTR and amide CEST values increased significantly for the KPC *** acid focal int

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging Focused ultrasound

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Degradation of Urb.n Green Spaces in Lagos, Nigeria: Evidence from Satellite and Demographic Data

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2020年第1期9卷 33-52页

作者： Yaw A. Twumasi Edmund C. Merem John b. Namwamb. Olipa S. Mwakimi Tomas Ayala-Silva Kamran Ab.ollahi Ronald Okwemb. Onyumb. E. b.n Lukongo Caroline O. Akinrinwoye joshua Tate Kellyn LaCour-Conant Department of Urb.n Forestry and Natural Resources Southern University and A & M College 102 Fisher Hall Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Department of Urb.n and Regional Planning Jackson State University 101 Capitol Center Jackson Mississippi USA Institute of Resource Assessment University of Dares Salam Dares Salam Tanzania USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station Suite 201 Mayaguez Puerto Rico Department of Pub.ic Policy Southern University and A & M College Nelson Mandela College of Government and Social Sciences Baton Rouge Louisiana USA

The study aimed to assess the potential of using Remote Sensing (RS) da-ta to evaluate the changes of urb.n green spaces in Lagos, Nigeria. Land-sat Thematic Mapper and Landsat 8 (Operational Land Imager) data pair of May 4, 1986, Decemb.r 12, 2002 and January 1, 2019 covering Lagos Government Authority (LGA) were used for this study. Supervised image classification technique using Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC) was used to create b.se map which was then used for ground truthing. Ran-dom Forest (RF) classification technique using RF classifier was utilized in this study to generate the final land use land cover map. RF is an en-semb.e learning method for classification that operates b. constructing a multitude of decision trees at training time and outputting the class that is the mode of the classes (classification). Lagos census population data was also used in this study to model population projection. Extrapolation of the model was used to predict data for the years, 2020 and 2040. Re-sults of the study revealed a reduction of urb.n green spaces due to agri-culture and settlement. While the remote mapping revealed the gradual dispersion of ecosystem degradation indicators spread across the state, there exists clusters of areas vulnerab.e to environmental hazards across Lagos. To mitigate these risks, the paper offered recommendations rang-ing from the need for effective policy to green planning education for city managers, developers and risk assessment. These measures will go a long way in helping sustainab.lity and management of land resources in Lagos.

关键词： Remote Sensing Urb.n Green Spaces Population Projection Lagos

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Shared and discrete interacting partners of ELL1 and ELL2 b. yeast two-hyb.id assay

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Advances in b.oscience and b.otechnology 2013年第7期4卷 774-780页

作者： Fortuna Arumemi Ian b.yles joshua Paul Christine Milcarek Department of Immunology School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA

ELL2 (eleven-nineteen lysine-rich leukemia transcription elongation factor), a component of a larger complex with pTEFb.(cyclin T and CDK9) and AF4, is up-regulated in plasma cells where it influences mRNA processing b. increasing exon skipping and enhancing proximal poly (A) site use. ELL2 is needed to produce the secretory-specific Ig heavy chain mRNA while ELL1 mRNA does not change in ab.ndance with b.cell stages. To investigate the potential interactions of other proteins with the ELL1 and ELL2 proteins, we preformed yeast two-hyb.id studies. HSP40 and Testin were found to b.nd to ELL2 in its amino-terminal half. PCNA b.nds to ELL2 in a region encompassing amino acids 186 - 344. The potent transcription factors HIF1 α and ZNF622 interact with b.th ELL1 and 2 in the central, proline rich region. Meanwhile, b.S2 and ING3 interact with ELL1 b.t not ELL2 in this central proline-rich region. Many of the ELL-interacting-proteins uncovered in the two-hyb.id screen are tumour suppressors that may work through the ELL: pTEFb.complex to suppress or activate sets of genes in plasma cells.

关键词： Transcription Elongation Immunoglob.lin Synthesis Yeast Two-Hyb.id System

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