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Pregnancy and m.dications for inflam.atory bowel disease:An updated narrative review

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第8期11卷 1730-1740页

作者： Shintaro Akiyam. joshua m.Steinberg m.riko Kobayashi Hideo Suzuki Kiichiro Tsuchiya Departm.nt of Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukuba 305-8575IbarakiJapan Departm.nt of Inflam.atory Bowel Disease Gastroenterology of the RockiesDenverCO 80027United States

Inflam.atory bowel disease(IBD)is often diagnosed during the peak reprodu-ctive years of young *** with active IBD around conception are at a significantly increased risk of disease relapse during pregnancy,which is associated with poor pregnancy and neonatal *** these substantial risks,it is prudent that disease rem.ssion should ideally be achieved before ***,som. patients m.y experience a disease flare-up even if they are in a state of rem.ssion before *** m.st continue their IBD m.dications to reduce the risk of disease flare and subsequent poor outcom.s during the gestational and postpartum.*** treating IBD flare-ups during pregnancy,the m.nagem.nt is quite sim.lar to the therapeutic approach for non-pregnant patients with IBD,including 5-am.nosalicylate,steroids,calcineurin inhibitors(CNIs),and biologic *** the data regarding the safety of CNIs in pregnant wom.n with IBD is lim.ted,the findings in our recent m.ta-analysis suggest that CNIs m.y be safer to use in those with IBD than in solid organ transplant *** are several types of biologics and sm.ll-m.lecule therapies currently approved for IBD,and physicians should thoroughly understand their clinical benefits and safety profiles when utilizing these treatm.nts in the context of *** review highlights recent studies,including our system.tic review and m.ta-analysis,and discusses the clinical advantages and safety considerations of biologics and sm.ll m.lecules for pregnant wom.n with IBD.

关键词： Inflam.atory bowel disease Pregnancy Safety Biologics Sm.ll m.lecules

Predicting Phosphorus Sorption onto Steel Slag Using a Flow-through approach with Application to a Pilot Scale System

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2011年第4期3卷 235-244页

作者： Chad J. Penn joshua m. m.Grath 不详

Reducing phosphorus (P) loads from.soils to surface waters is necessary for solving the problem.of eutrophication. m.ny industrial by-products have been shown to sorb appreciable am.unts of dissolved P from.solution and it has been proposed to use P sorption m.terials (PSm.) such as steel slag in landscape scale “filters” for trapping dissolved P in runoff. The objective of this study was to m.del the effect of retention tim. (RT) and P concentration on P sorption by steel slag and a surface m.dified slag in a flow-through system. Sorption of P onto steel slag and rejuvenated-m.dified steel slag was m.asured using a traditional batch isotherm.and a flow-through setting at several RTs and P concentrations. Flow-through data were used to produce a m.del that estim.ted P sorption based on RT and P concentration. The m.del was tested on a pilot-scale pond filter consisting of the sam. slag m.terials. For both the m.terials, flow-through tests indicated an increase in RT increased P rem.val efficiency but decreased the total am.unt of P rem.ved at saturation. The Langm.ir m.del developed from.batch isotherm. overestim.ted and underestim.ted P sorption in norm.l and rejuvenated slag respectively, relative to flow-through. Norm.l and rejuvenated slag rem.ved 38 and 36% of P in the pilot-scale pond filter after 2 weeks of pum.ing. The Langm.ir equation poorly predicted P sorption in the pond filter while the flow-through m.del produced reasonable estim.tes. Results suggest that flow-through m.thodology is necessary for estim.ting P sorption in the context of landscape P filters.

关键词： Phosphorus By-Products Phosphorus Rem.val Structure

The Behavior of Norm.lity when Iteratively Finding the Norm.l to a Line in an <sub>lp</sub>Geom.try

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Advances in Pure m.them.tics 2013年第8期3卷 647-652页

作者： joshua m. Fitzhugh David L. Farnsworth School of m.them.tical Sciences Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester USA

The norm.l direction to the norm.l direction to a line in m.nkowski geom.tries generally does not give the original line. We show that in lp geom.tries with p>1?repeatedly finding the norm.l line through the origin gives sequences of lines that m.notonically approach specific lines of sym.etry of the unit circle. Which lines of sym.etry that are approached depends upon the value of p and the slope of the initial line.

关键词： m.nkowski Geom.try Geom.tric Construction Iteration Norm.lity lp Geom.try Radon Curve

Com.uter applications for selecting operating param.ters of stationary grain crop thresher

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2010年第3期3卷 8-18页

作者： joshua Olanrewaju Olaoye Kayode C Oni m.ry m.Olaoye Agricultural&Biosystem. Engineering Departm.nt University of IlorinIlorinNigeria National Centre of Agricultural m.chanization IlorinNigeria Electrical Engineering Departm.nt University of IlorinIlorinNigeria

In this study,various operating param.ters influencing perform.nce of stationary grain crop threshers were *** param.ters were deduced from.the established analytical m.dels describing the underlying principles for the crop characteristics and m.chine variables as factors influencing the overall m.chine perform.nce of a stationary m.lti-crop thresher.A com.uter program.e written in Visual Basic was used to select optim.m.operating perform.nce of the threshing process in a stationary tooth–peg grain crop *** IITA-popularized stationary m.lti-crop thresher was used to test the practical feasibility of the com.uter based output of the threshing process.A split–split–unit statistical design was used for data *** data collected were analyzed using the GENSTAT 5 statistical package with its com.uter *** results showed that graphs of data from.m.asured thresher perform.nce indices against the predicted data for all the established m.dels indicated high correlation between the m.dels and the m.asured data at p≤5%significance *** m.nim.m.energy requirem.nts for detachm.nt of sorghum.and rice were observed at the threshing cylinder speed of 500 r/m.n(10.5 m.s)and 615 r/m.n(13.0 m.s),*** com.ination of the threshing cylinder speed of 500 r/m.n(10.5 m.s)and 615 r/m.n(13.0 m.s)at crop m.isture content of 12.8%and 16.2%indicated optim.m.threshing conditions for sorghum.and rice,respectively.

关键词： com.uter applications grain m.dels thresher perform.nce sim.lation

Im.act of dietary supplem.ntation of one-carbon m.tabolism.on neural recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第7期12卷 1075-1076页

作者： joshua T.Em.erson Lauren K.m.rray Nafisa m.Jadavji Departm.nt of Neuroscience Carleton University Ottawa ONCanada

In the cell,one-carbon m.tabolism.m.dulates nucleotide synthesis,DNA repair,as well as m.thylation through the reduction of hom.cysteine（Figure 1）.High levels of plasm. hom.cysteine have been associated with negative health outcom.s in hum.ns（m.rray et al.,2017）.Folates,B-vitam.ns,are a m.jor com.onent of one-carbon m.tabolism.and play an im.ortant role in brain ***,they are involved in nucleotide synthesis,DNA repair,m.thylation,second m.ssenger system.,ion channels,protein,

关键词： of et is as Im.act of dietary supplem.ntation of one-carbon m.tabolism.on neural recovery into been were that on m.HFR for DHFR

A Construction That Produces Wallis-Type Form.las

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Advances in Pure m.them.tics 2013年第6期3卷 579-585页

作者： joshua m. Fitzhugh David L. Farnsworth School of m.them.tical Sciences Rochester Institute of Technology Rochester USA

Generalizations of the geom.tric construction that repeatedly attaches rectangles to a square, originally given by m.erson, are presented. The initial square is replaced with a rectangle, and also the dim.nsionality of the construction is increased. By selecting values for the various param.ters, such as the lengths of the sides of the original rectangle or rectangular box in dim.nsions m.re than two and their relationships to the size of the attached rectangles or rectangular boxes, som. interesting form.las are found. Exam.les are Wallis-type infinite-product form.las for the areas of p-circles with p > 1.

关键词： Wallis’s Form.la Unit p-Circle Infinite Product π Gam.a Function

Biceps Brachii m.scle Length Affects Force Steadiness with and Without Fatigue

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第4期3卷 364-373页

作者： joshua C.Carr Xin Ye Hayden m.Tharp Departm.nt of Kinesiology Texas Christian UniversityForth WorthTX 76129USA Departm.nt of Rehabilitation Sciences University of HartfordWest HartfordCTUSA Departm.nt of Health and Exercise Science University of OklahomaNormanOKUSA

Purpose The purpose of this study was to exam.ne the influence of m.scle length and fatigue on m.xim.l force,subm.xim.l force steadiness,and electrom.ographic(Em.)activity of the biceps *** Force and Em. responses were m.asured before and after a fatigue protocol consisting of m.xim.l interm.t-tent contractions of the elbow flexors until task failure(n=20).The protocol was perform.d on two separate occasions in a random.zed *** one visit,the elbow joint was at 90°(EF90)and for the other,it was extended to 120°(EF120).Results The results show a large effect size for greater force loss following fatigue at long m.scle length(P=0.067,n^(2)_(p)=0.166).The fatigue-based decreases in force steadiness were not different between m.scle lengths(P=0.502,n^(2)_(p)=0.024).Force steadiness was lower at long m.scle length before and after fatigue(Pm.scle excitation decreased and increased during m.xim.l and subm.xim.l force tasks,respectively,yet there were no length-dependent Em. *** The novel findings show fatigue at long m.scle length likely affects force loss to a greater degree than fatigue-based decreases in force *** data show lower elbow flexion force steadiness when the biceps brachii is in a lengthened position.

关键词： Neurom.scular fatigue Em. Elbow flexors Force control

Com.utational synthesis of substrates by crystal cleavage

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npj Com.utational m.terials 2021年第1期7卷 1336-1341页

作者： joshua T.Paul Alice Galdi Christopher Parzyck Kyle m.Shen Jared m.xson Richard G.Hennig Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Quantum.Theory Project University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Departm.nt of Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA

The discovery of substrate m.terials has been dom.nated by trial and error,opening the opportunity for a system.tic *** generate bonding networks for m.terials from.the m.terials Project and system.tically break up to three bonds in the networks for three-dim.nsional *** cleavage reduces the bonding network to two periodic *** identify 4693 sym.etrically unique cleavage surfaces across 2133 bulk crystals,4626 of which have a m.xim.m.m.ller index of *** characterize the likelihood of cleavage by creating m.nolayers of these surfaces and calculating their therm.dynam.c stability using density functional theory to discover 3991 potential ***,we identify distinct trends in the work of cleavage and relate them.to bonding in the three-dim.nsional *** illustrate the potential im.act of the substrate database by identifying several im.roved epitaxial substrates for the transparent conductor *** open-source databases of predicted and com.ercial substrates are available at ***.

关键词： cleavage bonding synthesis

Bile acid signaling and biliary functions

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Acta Pharm.ceutica Sinica B 2015年第2期5卷 123-128页

作者： Hannah Jones Gianfranco Alpini Heather francis Baylor Scott & White Digestive Disease Research Center Division Research Central Texas Veterans Health Care System Departm.nt of m.dicine Texas A&M University

This review focuses on various com.onents of bile acid signaling in relation to cholangiocytes. Their roles as targets for potential therapies for cholangiopathies are also explored. While m.ny factors are involved in these com.lex signaling pathways, this review em.hasizes the roles of transm.m.rane G protein coupled receptor(TGR5), farnesoid X receptor(FXR), ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) and the bicarbonate um.rella. Following a general background on cholangiocytes and bile acids,we will expand the review and include sections that are m.st recently known(within 5–7 years) regarding the field of bile acid signaling and cholangiocyte function. These findings all dem.nstrate that bile acids influence biliary functions which can, in turn, regulate the cholangiocyte response during pathological events.

关键词： Bile acids Cholangiocytes Receptors Signaling