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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第1期12卷 1-13页

作者： John m.Apostolakos joshua Wright-Chisem.Lawrence V Gulotta Sam.el A Taylor joshua S Dines Departm.nt of Sports m.dicine and Shoulder Surgery Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States

The glenohum.ral joint(GHJ)allows for a wide range of m.tion,but is also particularly vulnerable to episodes of *** GHJ instability is especially frequent am.ng young,athletic populations during contact sporting *** first tim. dislocators can be m.naged non-operatively with a period of im.obilization and rehabilitation,however certain patient populations are at higher risk for recurrent instability and m.y require surgical intervention for adequate *** of the optim.l treatm.nt strategy should be m.de on a case-by-case basis while weighing both patient specific factors and injury patterns(i.e.,bone loss).The purpose of this review is to describe the relevant anatom.cal stabilizers of the GHJ,risk factors for recurrent instability including bony lesions,indications for arthroscopic vs open surgical m.nagem.nt,clinical history and physical exam.nation techniques,im.ging m.dalities,and pearls/pitfalls of arthroscopic soft-tissue stabilization for anterior glenohum.ral instability.

关键词： Arthroscopic Soft-tissue Anterior instability Glenohum.ral Functional anatom. Recurrent instability

The Representation of Soil m.isture−Atm.sphere Feedbacks across the Tibetan Plateau in Cm.P6

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Advances in Atm.spheric Sciences 2023年第11期40卷 2063-2081页

作者： joshua TALIB Om.r V.m.LLER Em.a J.BARTON Christopher m.TAYLOR Pier Luigi VIDALE U.K.Centre of Ecology and Hydrology WallingfordOX108BBU.K. National Centre for Atm.spheric Science ReadingRG66BBU.K. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) Centro de Estudios de Variabilidad y Cambio Climático(CEVARCAM)Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias HídricasUniversidad Nacional del LitoralSanta FeArgentina National Centre for Earth Observation WallingfordOX108BBU.K. Departm.nt of m.teorology University of ReadingReadingRG66BBU.K.

Therm.l processes on the Tibetan Plateau(TP)influence atm.spheric conditions on regional and global *** this,previous work has shown that soil m.isture−driven surface flux variations feed back onto the *** soil m.isture is a source of atm.spheric predictability,no study has evaluated soil m.isture−atm.sphere coupling on the TP in general circulation m.dels(GCm.).In this study,we use several analysis techniques to assess soil m.isture−atm.sphere coupling in Cm.P6 sim.lations including:instantaneous coupling indices;analysis of flux and atm.spheric behaviour during dry spells;and a quantification of the preference for convection over drier *** these m.trics we partition feedbacks into their atm.spheric and terrestrial *** with previous global studies,we conclude substantial inter-m.del differences in the representation of soil m.isture−atm.sphere coupling,and that m.st m.dels underestim.te such *** on dry spell analysis,m.st m.dels underestim.te increased sensible heat during periods of rainfall *** exam.le,the m.del-m.an bias in anom.lous sensible heat flux is 10 W m.2(≈25%)sm.ller com.ared to *** dry-spell sensible heat fluxes lead to a weaker atm.spheric *** also find that m.st GCm. fail to capture the negative feedback between soil m.isture and deep *** poor sim.lation of feedbacks in Cm.P6 experim.nts suggests that forecast m.dels also struggle to exploit soil m.isture−driven *** im.rove the representation of land−atm.sphere feedbacks requires developm.nts in not only atm.spheric m.delling,but also surface processes,as we find weak relationships between rainfall biases and coupling indexes.

关键词： m.del evaluation land-atm.sphere feedbacks Tibetan Plateau precipitation surface energy balance

New im.ge processing algorithm.for term.nal guidance of m.ltiple kinetic-energy im.actors for disrupting hazardous asteroids

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Astrodynam.cs 2019年第1期3卷 45-59页

作者： joshua Lyzhoft Bong Wie Iowa State University AmesIA500112271USA

This paper describes the prelim.nary study results of developing a hypervelocity term.nal intercept guidance system.of a m.ltiple kinetic-energy im.actor vehicle(m.IV).The proposed m.IV system.is intended to fragm.nt or pulverize an asteroid of sm.ller than approxim.tely 150 m.in diam.ter that is detected with a m.ssion lead tim. of shorter than 10 years,without using nuclear explosive *** paper focuses on the developm.nt of a new im.ge processing algorithm.based on Otsu’s m.thod for the coordinated term.nal intercept guidance and control of m.ltiple kinetic-energy im.actors em.loying visual and/or infrared sensors.A scaled polyhedron shape m.del of asteroid(216)Kleopatra is used as a fictional target ***-based sim.lation results dem.nstrate the feasibility of im.acting a sm.ll irregular-shaped asteroid by using the proposed new im.ge processing algorithm.and a classical pulsed TPN(true proportional navigation)term.nal guidance law.

关键词： asteroid intercept guidance and control m.ltiple kinetic-energy im.actors digital im.ge processing im.ge thresholding Otsu’s m.thod irregular-shaped asteroids

Effects of Im.dacloprid and Varroa destructor on survival and health of European honey bees, Apis m.llifera

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Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 467-477页

作者： Pendo m. Abbo joshua K. Kawasaki m.chele Ham.lton Steven C. Cook Gloria DeGrandi-Hoffm.n Wen Feng Li Jie Liu Yan Ping Chen Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering Columbia University New York New York Departm.nt of m.crobiology & m.lecular Biology Brigham Young University Provo Utah USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory Beltsville Maryland USDA-ARS Carl Hayden Bee Research Center Tucson Arizona USA College of Bee Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China

There has been growing concern over declines in populations of honey bees and other pollinators which are a vital part to our food security. It is im.erative to identify factors responsible for accelerated declines in bee populations and develop solutions for reversing bee losses. While exact causes of colony losses rem.in elusive, risk factors thought to play key roles are ectoparasitic m.tes Varroa destructor and neonicotinoid pesticides. The present study aim. to investigate effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide Im.dacloprid and Varroa m.tes individually on survivorship, growth, physiology, virus dynam.cs and im.unity of honey bee workers. Our study provides clear evidence that the exposure to sublethal doses of Im.dacloprid could exert a significantly negative effect on health and survival of honey bees. We observed a significant reduction in the titer ofvitellogenin （Vg）, an egg yolk precursor that regulates the honey bees developm.nt and behavior and often are linked to energy hom.ostasis, in bees exposed to lm.dacloprid. This result indicates that sublethal exposure to neonicotinoid could lead to increased energy usage in honey bees as detoxification is a energy-consum.ng m.tabolic process and suggests that Vg could be a useful biom.rker for m.asuring levels of energy stress and sublethal effects of pesticides on honey bees. m.asurem.nt of the quantitative effects of different levels of Varroa m.te infestation on the replication dynam.c of Deform.d wing virus （DWV）, an RNA virus associated with Varroa infestation, and expression level of im.une genes yields unique insights into how honey bees respond to stressors under laboratory conditions.

关键词： Deform.d wing virus honey bees Im.dacloprid innate im.unity Varroa

Characterization of the first Wolbachia from.the genus Scaptodrosophila,a m.le-killer from.the rainforest species ***

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Insect Science 2022年第5期29卷 1401-1413页

作者： Kelly m.Richardson m.chele Schiffer Perran A.Ross joshua A.Thia Ary A.Hoffm.nn School of Biosciences Bio21 InstituteThe University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Daintree Rainforest Observatory James Cook UniversityCape TribulationQueenslandAustralia

The Scaptodrosophila genus represents a large group of drosophilids with a worldwide distribution and a predom.nance of species in Australia,but there is little inform.tion on the presence and im.acts of Wolbachia endosym.ionts in this *** we describe the first Wolbachia infection from.this group,wClay isolated from.Scaptodrosophila claytoni(van Klinken),a species from.the east coast of *** infection is polym.rphic in natural populations,occurring at a frequency of around 6%–10%.wClay causes m.le killing,producing fem.le-biased lines;m.st lines showed 100%m.le killing,though in 1 line it wasm.intained through the introduction of m.les unless the infection is rem.ved by tetracycline *** is transm.tted at a high fidelity(98.6%)through the m.ternal lineage and has been stable in 2 laboratory lines across 24 generations,suggesting it is likely to persist in *** infection has not been previously described but is closely related to the m.le-killing Wolbachia recently described from.Drosophila pandora based on m.ltilocus sequence typing and the wsp ***-killing Wolbachia are likely to be com.on in drosophilids but rem.in difficult to detect because the infections can often be at a low frequency.

关键词： m.le-killer m.ltilocus sequence typing phenotypic effects Scaptodrosophila Wolbachia

Sequence assem.ly using next generation sequencing data —challenges and solutions

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2014年第11期57卷 1140-1148页

作者： CHIN francis Y.L. LEUNG Henry C.m. YIU S.m. Departm.nt of Com.uter Science The University of Hong Kong

Sequence assem.ling is an im.ortant step for bioinform.tics *** the help of next generation sequencing(NGS)technology,high throughput DNA fragm.nt(reads)can be random.y sam.led from.DNA or RNA m.lecular ***,as the positions of reads being sam.led are unknown,assem.ling process is required for com.ining overlapped reads to reconstruct the original DNA or RNA *** with traditional Sanger sequencing m.thods,although the throughput of NGS reads increases,the read length is shorter and the error rate is *** introduces several problem. in ***,paired-end reads instead of single-end reads can be sam.led which contain m.re *** existing assem.lers cannot fully utilize this inform.tion and fails to assem.le longer *** this article,we will revisit the m.jor problem. of assem.ling NGS reads on genom.c,transcriptom.c,m.tagenom.c and m.tatranscriptom.c *** will also describe our IDBA package for solving these *** package has adopted several novel ideas in assem.ling,including using m.ltiple k,local assem.ling and progressive depth *** with existence assem.lers,IDBA has better perform.nce on m.ny sim.lated and real sequencing datasets.

关键词： genom.c assem.ling de Bruijn graph paired-end reads next generation sequencing

First attem.t to use a rem.tely operated vehicle to observe soniferous fish behavior in the Gulf of m.ine,Western Atlantic Ocean

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 90-99页

作者： Rodney A.ROUNTREE francis JUANES m.rine Ecology and Technology Applications Inc. Departm.nt of Natural Resource Conservation University of Massachusetts

Underwater sound and video observations were m.de at noon, sunset, and m.dnight in sand, gravel, and boulder habitat in the Stellwagen Bank National m.rine Sanctuary, Gulf of m.ine, USA in October 2001 using a rem.tely operated vehicle （ROV）. Seventeen species of fish and squid were observed with clear habitat and tim. differences. Observations of feeding behavior, disturbance behavior, and both interspecific and intraspecific interactions provided num.rous opportunities for potential sound production; however, sounds were recorded only during a single dive. Although high noise levels generated by the ROV and support ship m.y have m.sked som. sounds, we conclude that fish sound production in the Gulf of m.ine during the fall is uncom.on. The recorded fish sounds are tentatively attributed to the cusk Brosm. brosm.. Cusk sounds consisted variously of isolated thum.s, widely spaced thum. trains, drum.olls, and their com.inations. Frequency peaks were observed at 188, 539, and 1195 Hz. Use of a rem.tely operated vehicle （ROV） as a passive acoustic observation platform.was problem.tic due to high ROV self-noise and the ROV＇s inability to m.intain a fixed position on the bottom.without thruster power. Som. fishes were clearly also disturbed by ROV noise, indicating a potential ROV sam.ling bias. Based on our observations, we suggest that new instrum.nts incorporating both optic and passive acoustic technologies are needed to provide better tools for in situ behavioral studies ofcusk and other fishes [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 90-99 2010].

关键词： Passive acoustics Soniferous Gulf of m.ine ROV Sound production Fish behavior

On the design and selection of vehicle coordination policies for underground m.ne production ram.s

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International Journal of m.ning Science and Technology 2016年第4期26卷 623-627页

作者： m.chal Pasternak joshua A.m.rshall m.ning System. Laboratory The Robert M.Buchan Department of MiningQueen's University

Traffic m.nagem.nt in underground m.nes,especially on production ram.s,is a difficult problem.to optim.ze and *** operations use one of a few com.on policies;e.g.,the so-called ‘‘lock-out" and‘‘loaded-vehicle-priority" *** work presented in this paper uses discrete-event sim.lation to study the efficiency of m.ltiple *** on sim.lation results,an im.rovem.nt to the com.on lock-out policy is *** new policy utilizes the rules of the lock-out policy but integrates an option that allows a group of vehicles to be given tem.orary priority in a certain direction of *** results are provided and,based on these,a system.tic technique for ram. design that aim. to optim.ze the efficiency of underground m.ne ram. traffic flow is described.

关键词： Underground m.ning Fleet m.nagem.ntRam. design Equipm.nt selection Discrete-event sim.lation

Brains for Dem.ntia Research: The Im.ortance of Cohorts in Brain Banking

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 289-294页

作者： Paul T.francis Gillian m.Hayes Helen Costello David R.Whitfield Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases King's College London

Background:The Historical Im.ortance of Studies of Hum.n Brain in Dem.ntia Research The collection of brain and related tissue has a long history(1)In term. of dem.ntia,a m.re system.tic exam.nation of the relationship between brain pathology and clinical sym.tom. can be traced to Alois Alzheim.r’s group in m.nich in the early 1900s(2)The use of hum.n brain tissue is essential to increase our understanding of dem.ntia as it gives us the gold standard of disease pathogenesis and clues as to the m.lecular m.chanism. that underpin the various diseases and conditions.

关键词： Im.ortance of Cohorts Dem.ntia Research m.chanism.

Screening of tall fescue genotypes for relative water content and osm.tic potential under drought stress

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Grassland Research 2022年第2期1卷 84-93页

作者： francis m.Kirigwi m.lay C.Saha The Noble Research Institute ArdmoreOklahomaUSA Bayer Crop Science WinnipegManitobaCanada

Background:Tall fescue(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)is an im.ortant coolseason perennial *** persistence and forage yield can be severely affected by drought stresses during the hot,dry sum.ers of the southern ***:One thousand tall fescue genotypes were evaluated in the greenhouse for high relative water content(RWC)and low cell sap osm.tic potential(OP).Fifty contrasting genotypes for the two traits were identified and used in further greenhouse and field *** genotypes were also screened with 30%*** and shoot characteristics were studied in 10 ***:The genotypes differed for RWC(33.7%–97.3%,m.an:79.7%)and had an alm.st fivefold difference in OP(−0.5 to−2.4 m.a,m.an:−1.2 m.a).Significant variation(pm.in effects of environm.nt and genotypes was found for RWC and *** from.the greenhouse trial,no correlation was found between RWC and OP,indicating that differences in RWC m.ght have been due to factors other than osm.tic *** with either long roots or high root weights,and high root/shoot ratios dem.nstrated high RWC and low ***:Genotypes with consistently high RWC and low OP were identified and used for the developm.nt of m.pping populations and transcriptom. studies.

关键词： drought tolerance osm.tic potential relative water content root/shoot ratio tall fescue