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Do phytotoxic allelochemicals remain in ashes after burning Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera(boneseed)?

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第6期28卷 109-119页

作者： Md.Abdullah Yousuf Al Harun joshua johnson Randall W.Robinson Institute for Sustainability and Innovation College of Engineering and ScienceVictoria University

Australia is facing challenges in controlling Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera（boneseed）. However, burning has achieved some success in this regard. We aimed to investigate the comparative phytotoxicity of boneseed dried powder and ashes（burnt at 450℃ and250℃）. Phenolic compounds in powder and ashes were measured using Folin–Ciocalteu assay and HPLC. The phytotoxicity of boneseed powder and ash extracts was assessed through germination bioassay on Lactuca sativa and the phytotoxicity of litter and ashes was evaluated using field soil, both in growth chamber. Burning of boneseed reduced total phenolics in ashes of boneseed organs by 99% and 100% both at high and low temperatures. The four phenolic compounds that were detected in boneseed were either absent or at negligible levels in the ashes,with inversely related to temperature. Both boneseed ash extracts and litter ash-mediated soil significantly reduced phytotoxicity displaying increased germination, biometric and biochemical parameters of test species compared with unburnt powder extracts and litter powder-mediated soil respectively, with greater reduction of phytotoxicity found for ashes produced at the lower temperature. Interestingly, the ash extracts and litter ash-mediated soil were found to stimulate some of those parameters of the test species compared to control. There was no excessive reactive oxygen species（ROS） produced in test species exposed to ash extracts compared with unburnt powder extracts. These findings suggest that burning of boneseed is an appropriate method of weed control and that this approach will reduce phytotoxicity of this species on native plants.

关键词： Boneseed Burning Phenolic compounds HPLC Phytotoxicity ROS

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The effects of temperature on decomposition and allelopathic phytotoxicity of boneseed litter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 1-11页

作者： Md.Abdullah Yousuf Al Harun joshua johnson Md.Nazim Uddin Randall W.Robinson Institute for Sustainability and Innovation College of Engineering and Science Victoria UniversityMelbourne

Decomposition of plant litter is a fundamental process in ecosystem function, carbon and nutrient cycling and, by extension, climate change. This study aimed to investigate the role of temperature on the decomposition of water soluble phenolics（WSP）, carbon and soil nutrients in conjunction with the phytotoxicity dynamics of Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera（boneseed） litter. Treatments consisted of three factors including decomposition materials（litter alone, litter with soil and soil alone）, decomposition periods and temperatures（5-15, 15-25and 25-35°C（night/day））. Leachates were collected on 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 th days to analyse physico-chemical parameters and phytotoxicity. Water soluble phenolics and dissolved organic carbon（DOC） increased with increasing temperature while nutrients like SO-24 and NO-13 decreased. Speed of germination, hypocotyl and radical length and weight of Lactuca sativa exposed to leachates were decreased with increasing decomposition temperature. All treatment components had significant effects on these parameters. There had a strong correlation between DOC and WSP, and WSP content of the leachates with radical length of test species. This study identified complex interactivity among temperature, WSP, DOC and soil nutrient dynamics of litter occupied soil and that these factors work together to influence phytotoxicity.

关键词： Temperature Boneseed Phenolics DOC Nutrient cycling Phytotoxicity

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PPT换装宝典（下）

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英语学习 2015年第4期 40-43页

作者： joshua johnson 木沐

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PPT换装宝典（上）

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英语学习 2015年第3期 34-37页

作者：木沐马玉芳 joshua johnson

***：〈美〉赚（钱）；figure位数。***：苹果公司推出的运行于Mac OS X操作系统下的演示幻灯片应用软件，不仅支持几乎所有的图片字体，还可以使界面和设计更图形化，更容易夺人眼球。

关键词： PPT 苹果公司应用软件操作系统幻灯片图形化

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Return to sports after shoulder arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第9期7卷 519-526页

作者： Christine C johnson Daniel J johnson Joseph N Liu joshua S Dines David M Dines Lawrence V Gulotta Grant H Garcia Department of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery the School of Medicine Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Many patients prioritize the ability to return to sports following shoulder replacement surgeries, including total shoulder arthroplasty(TSA), reverse total shoulder arthroplasty(RTSA), and hemiarthroplasty(HA). While activity levels after hip and knee replacements have been well-established in the literature, studies on this topic in the field of shoulder arthroplasty are relatively limited. A review of the literature regarding athletic activity after shoulder arthroplasty was performed using the PubMed database. All studies relevant to shoulder arthroplasty and return to sport were included. The majority of patients returned to their prior level of activity within six months following TSA, RTSA, and shoulder ***, low demand activities are permitted by most surgeons postoperatively and generally have higher return rates than contact sports or high-demand activities. In some series, patients reported an improvement in their ability to participate in sports following the arthroplasty procedure. The rates of return to sports following TSA(75%-100%) are slightly higher than those reported for HA(67%-76%) and RTSA(75%-85%). Patients undergoing TSA, RTSA, and shoulder HA should be counseled that there is a high probability that they will be able to return to their preoperative activity level within six months postoperatively. TSA has been associated with higher rates of return to sports than RTSA and HA,although this may reflect differences in patient population or surgical indication.

关键词： Total shoulder arthroplasty Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty Shoulder replacement Return to sport Hemiarthroplasty

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Magnesium activation affects the properties and phosphate sorption capacity of poultry litter biochar

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1117-1130页

作者： joshua T.Padilla Donald W.Watts Jeffrey M.Novak Vasile Cerven James A.Ippolito Ariel A.Szogi Mark G.johnson United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceCoastal Plains SoilWater and Plant Research CenterFlorenceSC 29501USA School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment United States Environmental Protection AgencyCorvallisOR 97331USA

Biochars with a high affinity for phosphorus(P)are promising soil amendments for reducing P in agricultural *** litter(PL)is an abundant biochar ***,PL-derived biochars are typically high in soluble P and therefore require chemical modification to become effective P *** study investigated the effect of magnesium(Mg)activation on extractable P(EP)and P sorption capacities of PL-derived *** was produced at 500-900℃ from PL activated with 0-1 M *** differentially aged PL feedstocks were evaluated(1-,3-5-,and 7-9-year-old).Increased Mg activation level and pyrolysis temperature both resulted in EP reductions from the ***,biochars produced at temperatures≥700℃ from PL activated with≥0.25 M Mg had negligible EP.X-ray diffractograms indicated that increased Mg loading favored the formation of stable Mg_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) phases while increasing temperature favored the formation of both Mg_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) and Ca_(5)(PO_(4))_(3)*** P sorption capacities(Pmax)of the biochars were estimated by fitting Langmuir isotherms to batch sorption data and ranged from 0.66-10.35 mg g^(−1).Average Pmax values were not affected by PL age or pyrolysis temperature;however,biochars produced from 1 M Mg-activated PL did have significantly higher average Pmax values(p<0.05),likely due to a greater abundance of ***,the results demonstrated that Mg activation is an effective strategy for producing PLderived biochars with the potential ability to reduce P loading into environmentally sensitive ecosystems.

关键词： sorption activation pyrolysis

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Are fat NKT cells born that way?

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第8期14卷 658-661页

作者： joshua A Vieth Derek B Sant'Angel Child Health Institute of New Jersey Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA Department of Pediatrics Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

The role of natural killer T(NKT)cells in adipose tissue is a topic of much interest,as reports have suggested a correlation between depletion of the adipose-resident NKT(arNKT)cell population and chronic obesity.1 Fu... 详细信息

关键词： NKT killer obesity

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An Analytic Method for Designing Countermeasures against Computer Intrusions

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2014年第1期11卷 10-21页

作者： joshua Ojo Nehinbe Solanke Olakunle O. Nehibe johnson Ige UK College of Business and Computing llford Essex London IG2 6NW United Kingdom Department of Computer Science Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago lwoye Nigeria Internal Control Nebson Limited Lagos Nigeria

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第2期2卷 173-182页

作者： joshua L.Keller Terry J.Housh Ethan C.Hill Cory M.Smith Richard J.Schmidt Glen O.johnson Human Performance Laboratory Department of Nutrition and Health SciencesCollege of Education and Human SciencesUniversity of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68508USA Division of Kinesiology School of Kinesiology and Physical TherapyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA Department of Kinesiology College of Health SciencesUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA

The purpose of this investigation was to use the RPE clamp protocol to examine sex-related differences in performance fati-gability and neuromuscular responses as the result of a sustained isometric leg extension muscle action anchored to RPE=*** adults(10 men,10 women)performed sustained muscle actions at RPE=2 for *** voluntary isometric contractions(MVIC)were performed prior to and following the sustained muscle ***(electromyographic and mechanomyographic)parameters and force were recorded,and the values were normalized to respective MVICs and cal-culated every 5%across the 5-min work *** artery blood flow(FABF)was assessed at pretest,immediately posttest,and 5-min *** regression was used to define the individual and composite normalized neuromuscular and force versus time relationships during the sustained muscle *** factorial ANOVAs were used to examine differences in performance fatigability and blood *** performance fatigability,the men(62.4±14.4 kg-43.1±11.5 kg)exhibited a significantly(P<0.05)greater decrease pretest to posttest in MVIC than the women(44.1±4.8 kg vs.38.1±6.1 kg).There were different fatigue-induced neuromuscular patterns of responses between the men and women across *** blood flow responses,however,there was no sex-related difference,but pretest(283.3±70.8 mL/min)was significantly(P<0.05)less than immediately posttest(424.5±133.5 mL/min)and 5-min posttest(324.4±78.3 mL/min).Thus,men demonstrated a greater degree of performance fatigability than the women,which was independent of differences in *** such as the neuromuscular system and muscle morphology likely contributed to the difference in performance fatigability.

关键词： Perception Resistance training Electromyography Fatigue Mechanomyography RPE clamp

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First Principle Study of the Structural and Piezoelectric Properties of Perovskite ZrTi(PbO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>Materials for Naval SONAR

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2019年第2期7卷 271-280页

作者： Owolabi joshua Adeyemi Gidado Mohammed Mawashi Alhassan Shuaibu Bamikole johnson Akinade Ugbe Raphael Ushiekpan Department of Physics Nigerian Defence Academy Kaduna Nigeria Department of Physics Faculty of Science Kaduna State University Kaduna Nigeria Department of Physics Federal University Lafia Lafia Nigeria

First principle calculation within the Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Density Functional Perturbation Theory (DFPT) using Local Density Approximation as implemented in Quantum ESPRESSO has been significantly used to investigate the structural and Piezoelectric, properties of Perovskite ZrTi(PbO3)2. From structural properties calculation, the ground state total energy of -2417.12 eV has been obtained which led to an equilibrium lattice constant of a= 5.620Åfor ZrTi(PbO3)2. Our obtained optimized atomic positions and atomic effective charge shows that the optimized ZrTi(PbO3)2 is stable and the Piezoelectric stress tensor is calculated using Berry-phase approach within density functional perturbation theory (DFPT). From our calculation, we have obtained the stress tensor elements with values of d1,5 = 6.81, d3,1 = 1.69, and d3,3 = 6.18, which is in agreement with the values obtained for tetragonal PbTiO3.

关键词： Structural Properties Perovskite ZrTi(PbO3)2 Density Functional Theory (DFT) Density Functional Perturbation Theory (DFPT) Local Density Approximation (LDA)

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