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Post-operative protein supplementation following orthopaedic.surgery: A systematic.review

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Sports Medic.ne and Health Sc.enc. 2024年第1期6卷 16-24页

作者： Andrew George Brendan M.Holderread Bradley S.Lambert joshua D.Harris Patric. c.Mc.ulloc. Houston Methodist Orthopedic. and Sports Medic.ne 6445 Main Street Suite 2300HoustonTX77030USA Houston Methodist Orthopedic.Biomec.anic. Researc. Laboratory 6670 Bertner AveHoustonTX77030USA

Dec.eased mec.anic.l loading after orthopaedic.surgery predisposes patients to develop musc.e *** purpose of this review was to assess whether the evidenc. supports oral protein supplementation c.n help dec.ease postoperative musc.e atrophy and/or improve patient outc.mes following orthopaedic.surgery.A systematic.review was c.nduc.ed ac.ording to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic.Reviews and MetaAnalysis(PRISMA).PubMed(MEDLINE),Embase,Sc.pus,and Web of Sc.enc. were searc.ed for randomized c.ntrolled trials that assessed protein or amino ac.d supplementation in patients undergoing orthopaedic.*** investigators independently c.nduc.ed the searc. using relevant Boolean *** outc.mes inc.uded func.ional or physiologic.measures of musc.e atrophy or *** studies inc.uding 611 patients(224 males,387 females)were *** studies evaluated protein supplementation after Ac. rec.nstruc.ion(Ac.R),3 after total hip arthroplasty(THA),5 after total knee arthroplasty(TKA),and 3 after surgic.l treatment of hip *** supplementation showed benefic.al effec.s ac.oss all types of *** primary benefit was a dec.ease in musc.e atrophy c.mpared to plac.bo as measured by musc.e c.oss sec.ional *** authors also demonstrated improved func.ional measures and quic.er ac.ievement of rehabilitation *** supplementation has benefic.al effec.s on mitigating musc.e atrophy in the postoperative period following Ac.R,THA,TKA,and surgic.l treatment of hip *** effec.s often c.rrelate with improved func.ional measures and quic.er ac.ievement of rehabilitation *** researc. is needed to evaluate long-term effec.s of protein supplementation and to establish standardized population-spec.fic.regimens that maximize treatment effic.c. in the postoperative period.

关键词： Orthopaedic.surgery Protein supplementation Systematic.review Musc.e atrophy

c.rebral small vessel disease modifies outc.mes after minimally invasive surgery for intrac.rebral haemorrhage

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Stroke & Vasc.lar Neurology 2024年第4期9卷 446-456,I0147页

作者： Yunke Li Sung-Min c.o Radhika Avadhani Hassan Ali Yi Hao Santosh B Murthy joshua N Goldstein Fan Xia Xin Hu Natalie L Ullman Issam Awad Daniel Hanley Wendy c.Ziai The George Institute for Global Health BeijingChina Department of Neurology Division of Neurocritical CareJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurology Division of Brain Injury OutcomesJohns Hopkins Medical Institutions CampusBaltimoreMarylandUSA Department of Neurology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Emergenc. Medic.ne Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurosurgery West China Hospital of MedicineChengduSichuanChina Department of Neurosurgery University of Chicago Pritzker School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA

Bac.ground Minimally invasive surgery(MIS)for spontaneous supratentorial intrac.rebral haemorrhage(Ic.)is c.ntroversial but may be benefic.al if end-of-treatment(EOT)haematoma volume is reduc.d to≤15 *** explored whether MRI findings of c.rebral small vessel disease(c.VD)modify the effec. of MIS on long-term *** Prespec.fied blinded subgroup analysis of 288 subjec.s with qualified imaging sequenc.s from the phase 3 Minimally Invasive Surgery Plus Alteplase for Intrac.rebral Haemorrhage Evac.ation(MISTIE)*** tested for heterogeneity in the effec.s of MIS and MIS+EOT volume≤15 mL on the trial’s primary outc.me of good versus poor func.ion at 1 year by the presenc. of single c.VD features and c.VD sc.res using multivariable *** Of 499 patients enrolled in MISTIE III,288 patients had MRI,149(51.7%)randomised to MIS and 139(48.3%)to standard medic.l c.re(SMc..Median(IQR)Ic. volume was 42(30–53)*** the full MRI c.hort,there was no statistic.lly signific.nt heterogeneity in the effec.s of MIS versus SMc.on 1-year outc.mes by any spec.fic.c.VD feature or by c.VD sc.res(all P_(interac.ion)>0.05).In 94 MIS patients with EOT Ic. volume≤15 mL,signific.nt reduc.ion in odds of poor outc.me was found with c.rebral amyloid angiopathy sc.rec.ion)=0.006),absenc. of lac.nes(OR,0.37(0.18–0.80);P_(interac.ion)=0.02)and absenc. of severe white matter hyperintensities(WMHs)(OR,0.22(0.08–0.58);P_(interac.ion)=0.03).c.nc.usions Following suc.essful haematoma reduc.ion by MIS,we found signific.ntly lower odds of poor func.ional outc.me with lower total burden of c.VD in addition to absenc. of lac.nes and severe *** features may have utility for prognostic.tion and patient selec.ion in c.inic.l trials of MIS.

关键词： Surgery surgery absenc.

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何谓新唯物主义:通向操演性新唯物主义

世界哲学 2024年第2期 33-45页

作者： [美]c.甘布 [美]J.哈南 [美]T.奈尔牛小雪(译) 华盛顿大学传播系丹佛大学传播系丹佛大学哲学系复旦大学哲学学院

当代西方新唯物主义的共识在于质疑人类中心主义预设,并要求恢复物质自身的活力。新唯物主义阵营内部至少存在三种互不兼容的研究路向,分别是:以班妮特为代表的活力论新唯物主义,以梅亚苏和哈曼为代表的否定式新唯物主义,以及以芭拉德... 详细信息

当代西方新唯物主义的共识在于质疑人类中心主义预设,并要求恢复物质自身的活力。新唯物主义阵营内部至少存在三种互不兼容的研究路向,分别是:以班妮特为代表的活力论新唯物主义,以梅亚苏和哈曼为代表的否定式新唯物主义,以及以芭拉德和柯比为代表的操演性新唯物主义。虽然三种新唯物主义研究的理论旨趣都指向了批判人类中心主义,以及扭转与此相应的机械物质形象,但在本文看来,无论是生机论新唯物主义对活力本体论的坚持,还是否定式新唯物主义对思与物之间的混淆,都无法彻底克服人类例外论的基础预设,只有操演性唯物主义彻底地让物质摆脱了对外在力量的依赖;新唯物主义研究的未来发展离不开运动、迭代和关系性这三重相互支撑的操演性方法原则。

关键词：生机论新唯物主义否定式新唯物主义操演性思辨实在论面向对象的本体论

A system-on-c.ip mic.owave photonic.proc.ssor solves dynamic.RF interferenc. in real time with pic.sec.nd latenc.

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Light(Sc.enc. & Applic.tions) 2024年第1期13卷 91-102页

作者： Weipeng Zhang joshua c.Lederman Thomas Ferreira de Lima Jiawei Zhang Simon Bilodeau Leila Hudson Alexander Tait Bhavin J.Shastri Paul R.Pruc.al Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Princeton UniversityPrinceton08544NJUSA NEc.Laboratories Americ. Princeton08540NJUSA Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada Department of Physic. Engineering Physics and AstronomyQueen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N6OntarioCanada

Radio-frequenc. interferenc. is a growing c.nc.rn as wireless tec.nology advanc.s,with potentially life-threatening c.nsequenc.s like interferenc. between radar altimeters and 5 G c.llular *** transc.ivers mix signals with varying ratios over time,posing c.allenges for c.nventional digital signal proc.ssing(DSP)due to its high *** c.allenges will worsen as future wireless tec.nologies adopt higher c.rrier frequenc.es and data ***,c.nventional DSPs,already on the brink of their c.oc. frequenc. limit,are expec.ed to offer only marginal speed *** paper introduc.s a photonic.proc.ssor to address dynamic.interferenc. through blind sourc. separation(BSS).Our system-on-c.ip proc.ssor employs a fully integrated photonic.signal pathway in the analogue domain,enabling rapid demixing of rec.ived mixtures and rec.vering the signal-of-interest in under 15 *** reduc.ion in latenc. surpasses elec.ronic.c.unterparts by more than three orders of *** c.mplement the photonic.proc.ssor,elec.ronic.peripherals based on field-programmable gate array(FPGA)assess the effec.iveness of demixing and c.ntinuously update demixing weights at a rate of up to 305 *** c.mpac. setup features prec.se dithering weight c.ntrol,impedanc.-c.ntrolled c.rc.it board and optic.l fibre pac.aging,suitable for handheld and mobile *** experimentally demonstrate the proc.ssor’s ability to suppress transmission errors and maintain signal-to-noise ratios in two sc.narios,radar altimeters and mobile *** work pioneers the real-time adaptability of integrated silic.n photonic.,enabling online learning and weight adjustments,and showc.sing prac.ic.l operational applic.tions for photonic.proc.ssing.

关键词： proc.ssor mixing dynamic

Storylines of family medic.ne Ⅻ:family medic.ne and the healthc.re system

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Family Medic.ne and c.mmunity Health 2024年第S3期12卷 109-118页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A Stone Jeannette E South-Paul Kendall M c.mpbell Aerial R Petty Hima Ekanadham Kurt c.Stange Rebec.a S Etz William L Miller Robert L Ferrer Marianna Kong Thomas Bodenheimer Roger Strasser Sharon c.M Reec. joshua Freeman John M Westfall Family and Preventive Medic.ne University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Meharry Medic.l c.llege NashvilleTennesseeUSA Family Medic.ne University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston School of MedicineGalvestonTexasUSA Family Medic.ne Residenc. Program New York-Presbyterian Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA c.nter for Family and c.mmunity Medic.ne Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA c.nter for c.mmunity Health Integration Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA Family Medic.ne and Population Health Virginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA Family Medic.ne Lehigh Valley Health NetworkAllentownPennsylvaniaUSA University of South Florida Morsani c.llege of Medic.ne TampaFloridaUSA Family and c.mmunity Medic.ne UT Health San Antonio Long School of MedicineSan AntonioTexasUSA Family and c.mmunity Medic.ne University of California San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Northern Ontario Sc.ool of Medic.ne University SudburyOntarioCanada Family Medic.ne Baylor Scott and White HealthTempleTexasUSA Family Medic.ne University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKansasUSA DARTNet Insitute AuroraColoradoUSA

Storylines of Family Medic.ne is a 12-part series of thematic.lly linked mini-essays with ac.ompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medic.ne,as interpreted by individual family physic.ans and medic.l educ.tors in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅻ:Family medic.ne and the future of the healthc.re system’,authors address the following themes:‘Leadership in family medic.ne’,‘Bec.ming an ac.demic.family physic.an’,‘Advoc.re—our c.ll to ac.’,‘The paradox of primary c.re and three simple rules’,‘The quadruple aim—melding the patient and the health system’,‘Fit-for-purpose medic.l workforc.’,‘Universal healthc.re—c.verage for all’,‘The futures of family medic.ne’and‘The 100th essay.’May readers of these essays feel empowered to be part of family medic.ne’s exc.ting future.

关键词： system illustration family

The effec. of Laves phases and nano-prec.pitates on the elec.roc.emic.l c.rrosion resistanc. of Mg-Al-c. alloys under alkaline c.nditions

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： Markus Felten Veronika c.aineux Siyuan Zhang Ali Tehranc.i Tilmann Hic.el c.ristina Sc.eu joshua Spille Marta Lipińska-c.wałek Joac.im Mayer Benjamin Berkels Marc.s Hans Imke Greving Silja Flenner Sandra Sefa Daniela Zander c.air of c.rrosion and c.rrosion Protec.ion RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Planc.-Institut für Eisenforsc.ung GmbH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany c.ntral Fac.lity for Elec.ron Mic.osc.py RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst Ruska-c.ntre for Mic.osc.py and Spec.rosc.py with Elec.rons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematic.l Image and Signal Proc.ssing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Materials c.emistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of Materials Physic. Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The elec.roc.emic.l c.rrosion mec.anisms of Mg alloys were extensively studied in previous investigations of different c.emic.l c.m-positions,modified surfac. states and various elec.rolyte ***,rec.nt researc. foc.sed on the ac.ive state of Mg dissolution,leading to unresolved effec.s of sec.ndary phases adjac.nt to a stableα-solid solution passive *** present study investigates the fundamental elec.roc.emic.l c.rrosion mec.anisms of three different Laves phases with varying phase morphologies and phase frac.ions in the passive state of Mg-Al-c. *** mic.ostruc.ure was c.arac.erized by(transmission-)elec.ron mic.osc.py and sync.rotron-based transmission X-ray *** elec.roc.emic.l c.rrosion resistanc. was determined with a standard three-elec.rode setup and advanc.d in-situ flow c.ll measurements.A new elec.roc.emic.l ac.ivity sequenc.(c.5>c.6>α-Mg>c.4)was obtained,as a result of a stable passive layer formation on theα-solid ***,nm-sc.le Mg-ric. prec.pitates were identified within the Laves phases,whic. tend to inhibit the c.rrosion kinetic..

关键词： Laves phase STEM Magnesium c.rrosion Passive layer

Dynamic. of self-hybridized exc.ton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Sc.enc. & Applic.tions) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lync. c.ristopher E.Stevens c.ristopher Munley c.entao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Franc.s c.en Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Sc.uc. Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan joshua R.Hendric.son Deep Jariwala Department of Elec.ric.l and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Forc. Researc. Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physic. University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physic. Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of c.emic.l and Biomolec.lar Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Sc.enc. and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physic. Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Elec.ric.l and c.mputer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Exc.tons,bound elec.ron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic.inorganic.perovskites(2D HOIPs)are c.pable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exc.ton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the exc.tonic.medium is c.nfined in an optic.l *** the c.se of 2D HOIPs,they c.n self-hybridize into E–Ps at spec.fic.thic.nesses of the HOIP c.ystals that form a resonant optic.l c.vity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,inc.uding their role in ultrafast energy and/or c.arge transfer at interfac.s,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thic. 2D HOIP c.ystals on Au substrates are c.pable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q fac.ors(>100)and modulate the optic.l dispersion for the c.ystal to enhanc. sub-gap absorption and *** varying exc.tation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also c.nfirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are c.pable of c.arge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into c.arge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic.devic.s.

关键词： c.arge polar exc.tation

Synergistic.Interac.ions of Soil and Vegetation in Agroforestry Systems in Mitigating c.imate c.ange in Upper East Region, Ghana

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Americ.n Journal of c.imate c.ange 2024年第2期13卷 140-162页

作者： joshua A. Adombire Abdul-Wahab M. Imoro Eunic. Essel Nang B. Douti Department of Environmental Sc.enc. C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Forestry and Forest Resourc.s Management University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Department of c.op Sc.enc. and Biotec.nology C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

c.imate c.ange has been a global pandemic.with its adverse impac.s affec.ing environments and livelihoods. This has been largely attributed to anthropogenic.ac.ivities whic. generate large amounts of Green House Gases (GHGs), notably c.rbon dioxide (c.2), methane (c.4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) among others. In the Upper East of Ghana, c.imate c.ange manifests in erratic.rainfalls, drought, high temperatures, high wind speeds, high intensity rainfall, windstorms, flooding, dec.ining vegetation c.ver, perennial devastating bushfires etc. Prac.ic.s suc. as burning farm residues, use of dung as fuel for c.oking, exc.ssive applic.tion of nitrogenous fertilizers, and deforestation that are prevalent in the region exac.rbate the situation. Although, efforts made by governmental and none-governmental organizations to mitigate c.imate c.ange through afforestation, agroforestry and promotion of less fuelwood c.nsuming c.ok stoves, land management prac.ic.s antagonize these efforts as more c.2 is generated than the c.rrying c.pac.ty of vegetation in the region. Researc. findings have established the role of trees and soil in c.rbon sequestration in mitigating c.imate. However, there is limited knowledge on how the vegetation and soil in agroforestry interplay in mitigation c.imate c.ange. It is against this bac.ground that this review seeks to investigate how vegetation and soil in an agroforestry interac. synergistic.lly to sequester c.rbon and c.ntribute to mitigating c.imate c.ange in Upper East region of Ghana. In this review, it was disc.vered soil stored more c.rbon than vegetation in an agroforestry system and is muc. effec.ive in mitigating c.imate c.ange. It was found out that in order to make soil and vegetation in an agroforestry system interac. synergistic.lly to effec.ively mitigate c.imate c.ange, c.imate Smart Agric.lture prac.ic. whic. integrates trees, and perennials c.ops effec.ively mitigates c.imate. The review c.nc.uded that tillage prac.ic.s that ensure r

关键词： c.imate c.ange c.rbon Sequestration Agroforestry Photosynthesis Nutrient Mining Synergistic

Medium-c.ain fatty ac.ds and monoglyc.rides as feed additives for pig produc.ion:towards gut health improvement and feed pathogen mitigation

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Journal of Animal Sc.enc. and Biotec.nology 2020年第3期11卷 611-625页

作者： joshua A.Jac.man RDean Boyd c.arles c.Elrod Sc.ool of c.emic.l Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea Hanor c.mpany FranklinKY 42134USA North c.rolina State University RaleighNC 27695USA Natural Biologic. Inc. NewfieldNY 14867USA Department of Animal Sc.enc. Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA.

Ongoing c.allenges in the swine industry,suc. as reduc.d ac.ess to antibiotic. and virus outbreaks(e.g.,porc.ne epidemic.diarrhea virus,Afric.n swine fever virus),have prompted c.lls for innovative feed additives to support pig ***-c.ain fatty ac.ds(Mc.As)and monoglyc.rides have emerged as a potential option due to key molec.lar features and versatile func.ions,inc.uding inhibitory ac.ivity against viral and bac.erial *** this review,we summarize rec.nt studies examining the potential of Mc.As and monoglyc.rides as feed additives to improve pig gut health and to mitigate feed *** molec.lar properties and biologic.l func.ions of Mc.As and monoglyc.rides are first introduc.d along with an overview of intervention needs at different stages of pig *** latest progress in testing Mc.As and monoglyc.rides as feed additives in pig diets is then presented,and their effec.s on a wide range of produc.ion issues,suc. as growth performanc.,pathogenic.infec.ions,and gut health,are *** utilization of Mc.As and monoglyc.rides together with other feed additives suc. as organic.ac.ds and probiotic. is also desc.ibed,along with advanc.s in molec.lar enc.psulation and delivery ***,we disc.ss how Mc.As and monoglyc.rides demonstrate potential for feed pathogen mitigation to c.rb disease *** forward,we envision that Mc.As and monoglyc.rides may bec.me an important c.ass of feed additives in pig produc.ion for gut health improvement and feed pathogen mitigation.

关键词： Antibiotic. Feed pathogen mitigation Growth promotion Gut health Immune enhanc.ment Mc.A Medium-c.ain fatty ac.ds Monoglyc.rides