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Resonant magnetoelastic microstructures for wireless actuation of liquid flow on 3D surfaces and use in glaucoma drainage implants

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2015年第1期1卷 26-34页

作者： Venkatram Pepakayala joshua Stein Yogesh Gianchandani Center for Wireless Integrated MicroSensing and Systems(WIMS2) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

Magnetoelastic resonators made from metal alloy foils are widely used for miniature wireless anti-theft tags and have also been explored for use in various sensing *** annealing within three-dimensional(3D)molds,these foils can be formed into curved ***,magnetoelastic materials present an opportunity for the development of a new class of wireless,actuators that have small form factors and low surface profiles and that can conform to curved *** paper describes passive,wireless,resonant magnetoelastic actuators intended for the generation of fluid flow on the surfaces of implantable Ahmed glaucoma drainage *** actuators are remotely excited to resonance using a magnetic field generated by external *** fluid flow is intended to limit cellular adhesion to the surface of the implant,as this adhesion can ultimately lead to implant encapsulation and *** actuators are micromachined from planar 29-μm-thick foils of Metglas 2826MB(Fe_(40)Ni_(38)Mo_(4)B_(18)),an amorphous magnetoelastic alloy,using photochemical *** 10.3×5.6 mm^(2),the planar structures are annealed in 3D molds to conform to the surface of the drainage device,which has an aspherical *** actuator designs are described,with varying shapes and resonant mode *** resonant frequencies for the different designs vary from 520 Hz to 4.7 *** velocities of up to 266μm s^(−1) are recorded at a wireless activation range of 25–30 mm,with peak actuator vibration amplitudes of 1.5μ*** actuators such as those described here have the potential to greatly enhance the effectiveness of glaucoma drainage devices at lowering eye pressure and may also be useful in other areas of medicine.

关键词： actuator fibrosis glaucoma magnetostriction Metglas

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Exotic parrots breeding in urban tree cavities: nesting requirements, geographic distribution, and potential impacts on cavity nesting birds in southeast Florida

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Avian Research 2019年第4期10卷 459-468页

作者： joshua M.Diamond Michael S.Ross Florida International University Earth & Environment

Background:Exotic parrots have established breeding populations in southeast Florida,including several species that nest in tree *** aimed to determine the species identity,nest site requirements,relative nest abundance,geographic distribution,and interactions of parrots with native cavity-nesting bird ***:We searched Miami-Dade County,Florida,and nearby areas for natural cavities and holes excavated by woodpeckers,recording attributes of potential nest *** inspected all cavities with an elevated video inspection system to determine occupancy by parrots or other *** mapped nearly 4000 citizen science observations of parrots in our study area corresponding to our study period,and used these to construct range maps,comparing them to our nesting ***:Not all parrots reported or observed in our study area were actively *** parrots were observed at tree cavities,which previous studies have suggested is evidence of reproduction,but our inspections with an elevated video inspection system suggest they never initiated nesting *** parrot species did successfully nest in tree cavities,Red-masked Parakeets(Psittacara erythrogenys)and Orange-winged Parrots(Amazona amazonica)being the most common(n=7 and 6 nests,respectively).These two parrots had similar nesting requirements,but Orange-winged Parrots use nests with larger entrance holes,which they often *** analysis of nests combined with citizen science data indicate that parrots are limited to developed *** most common parrots were less abundant cavity nesters than the native birds which persist in Miami’s urban areas,and far less abundant than the invasive European Starling(Sturnus vulgaris).Conclusions:Exotic parrots breeding elsewhere in the world have harmed native cavity-nesting birds through interference competition,but competitive interference in southeast Florida is minimized by the urban affinities of parrots in this ***

关键词： Amazona Cavity nest webs Invasive species Parakeets Psittacara Urban ecology

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Diurnal Regulation of Lipid Metabolism and Applications of Circadian Lipidomics

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2014年第5期41卷 231-250页

作者： joshua J.Gooley Eric Chern-Pin Chua Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Graduate Medical SchoolSingapore Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders Departments of Medicine and Neurology Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Sleep Medicine Harvard Medical School Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore

The circadian timing system plays a key role in orchestrating lipid metabolism. In concert with the solar cycle, the circadian system ensures that daily rhythms in lipid absorption, storage, and transport are temporally coordinated with rest-activity and feeding cycles. At the cellular level, genes involved in lipid synthesis and fatty acid oxidation are rhythmically activated and repressed by core clock proteins in a tissue-specific manner. Consequently, loss of clock gene function or misalignment of circadian rhythms with feeding cycles （e.g., in shift work） results in impaired lipid homeostasis. Herein, we review recent progress in circadian rhythms research using lipidomics, i.e., large-scale profiling of lipid metabolites, to characterize circadian-regulated lipid pathways in mammals. In mice, novel regulatory circuits involved in fatty acid metabolism have been identified in adipose tissue, liver, and muscle. Extensive diversity in circadian regulation of plasma lipids has also been revealed in humans using lipidomics and other metabolomics approaches. In future studies, lipidomics platforms will be increasingly used to better understand the effects of genetic variation, shift work, food intake, and drugs on circadian-regulated lipid pathways and metabolic health.

关键词： Circadian Metabolism Lipids Lipidomics Metabolomics Chronobiology

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Optimized Hybrid Block Adams Method for Solving First Order Ordinary Differential Equations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第8期72卷 2947-2961页

作者： Hira Soomro Nooraini Zainuddin Hanita Daud joshua Sunday Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610Seri IskandarPerakMalaysia Department of Mathematics University of Jos930003JosNigeria

Multistep integration methods are being extensively used in the simulations of high dimensional systems due to their lower computational *** block methods were developed with the intent of obtaining numerical results on numerous points at a time and improving computational *** block methods for instance are specifically used in numerical integration of initial value *** this paper,an optimized hybrid block Adams block method is designed for the solutions of linear and nonlinear first-order initial value problems in ordinary differential equations(ODEs).In deriving themethod,the Lagrange interpolation polynomial was employed based on some data points to replace the differential equation function and it was integrated over a specified ***,the convergence properties along with the region of stability of the method were *** was concluded that the newly derived method is convergent,consistent,and *** method was also found to be A-stable implying that it covers the whole of the left/negative half *** the numerical computations of absolute errors carried out using the newly derived method,it was found that the method performed better than the ones with which we compared our results *** also showed its superiority over the existing methods in terms of stability and convergence.

关键词： Initial value problem(IVPs) linear multi-step method block interpolation hybrid Adams-Moulton method

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Nociceptors are needed to guide tooth development,function,repair,and regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1503-1504页

作者： Sarah B.Peters joshua J.Emrick Division of Biosciences College of DentistryThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences&Prosthodontics School of DentistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

Toothaches have received widespread attention and commentary dating back to ancient times,appearing in Egyptian texts from over 3000 years ago and the writings of Hippocrates,Aristotle,and *** studies of the innervation of dental pulp and dentin date back to at least the 1800’s,yet our understanding of the basis for tooth pain is still *** treatments for toothache continue to be drastic and irreversible,including removal of the dental pulp or extraction of the *** the trigeminal sensory innervation of the tooth pulp is commonly the origin of toothache pain,it is also indispensable for normal function and physiology,and should be retained as an integral part of the repaired *** or regeneration of the dental pulp and its innervation could represent the next step in restorative dentistry,but a better understanding of the roles of the tooth’s sensory nerve supply and the mechanisms underlying its development and repair is needed.

关键词： function irreversible repair

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Current medical management of endocrine-related male infertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第3期18卷 357-363,I0007页

作者： joshua D Ring Aye A Lwin Tobias S Kohler Division of Urology Department of Surgery Southern Illinois University Springfield IL 62794 USA.

Male factor contributes to 50%-60% of overall infertility but is solely responsible in only 20% of couples. Although most male factor infertility is ascertained from an abnormal semen analysis, other male factors can be contributory especially if the sample returns normal. Male infertility can be due to identifiable hormonal or anatomical etiologies that may be reversible or irreversible. This manuscript will highlight existing guidelines and our recommendations for hormone evaluation for male infertility and empiric therapies including multivitamins, estrogen receptor modulators （clomiphene）, estrogen conversion blockers （anastrozole）, and hormone replacement.

关键词： anastrazole clomid human chorionic gonadotropin male infertility sex hormone-binding globulin

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Polyomavirus interaction with the DNA damage response

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Virologica Sinica 2015年第2期30卷 122-129页

作者： joshua L.Justice Brandy Verhalen Mengxi Jiang Department of Microbiology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham 35294 USA

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that subvert cellular metabolism and pathways to mediate their own replication—normally at the expense of the host cell. Polyomaviruses are a group of small DNA viruses, which have long been studied as a model for eukaryotic DNA replication. Polyomaviruses manipulate host replication proteins, as well as proteins involved in DNA maintenance and repair, to serve as essential cofactors for productive infection. Moreover, evidence suggests that polyomavirus infection poses a unique genotoxic threat to the host cell. In response to any source of DNA damage, cells must initiate an effective DNA damage response(DDR) to maintain genomic integrity, wherein two protein kinases, ataxia telangiectasia mutated(ATM) and ATM- and Rad3-related(ATR), are major regulators of DNA damage recognition and repair. Recent investigation suggests that these essential DDR proteins are required for productive polyomavirus infection. This review will focus on polyomaviruses and their interaction with ATMand ATR-mediated DNA damage responses and the effect of this interaction on host genomic stability.

关键词： polyomavirus DNA damage response genomic instability mitotic stress

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Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions for Alternate Food to Address Agricultural Catastrophes Globally

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第3期7卷 205-215页

作者： David C.Denkenberger joshua M.Pearce Global Catastrophic Risk Institute Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering Tennessee State University Department of Materials Science and Engineering Michigan Technological University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan Technological University

The literature suggests there is about a 1 % risk per year of a 10 % global agricultural shortfall due to catastrophes such as a large volcanic eruption, a medium asteroid or comet impact, regional nuclear war, abrupt climate change, and extreme weather causing multiple breadbasket failures. This shortfall has an expected mortality of about 500 million people. To prevent such mass starvation, alternate foods can be deployed that utilize stored biomass. This study developed a model with literature values for variables and, where no values existed,used large error bounds to recognize uncertainty. Then Monte Carlo analysis was performed on three interventions: planning, research, and development. The results show that even the upper bound of USD 400 per life saved by these interventions is far lower than what is typically paid to save a life in a less-developed country. Furthermore, every day of delay on the implementation of these interventions costs 100–40,000 expected lives(number of lives saved multiplied by the probability that alternate foods would be required). These interventions plus training would save 1–300 million expected lives. In general, these solutions would reduce the possibility of civilization collapse, could assist in providing food outside of catastrophic situations, and would result in billions of dollars per year of return.

关键词： Agricultural catastrophe Alternate food Global catastrophic risk Intervention cost-effectiveness

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Low Thrust Minimum Time Orbit Transfer Nonlinear Optimization Using Impulse Discretization via the Modified Picard–Chebyshev Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2016年第1期111卷 1-27页

作者： Darin Koblick Shujing Xu joshua Fogel Praveen Shankar California State University-Long Beach CAUSA. Millennium Space Systems Inc. El SegundoCAUSA. Claremont Graduate University CAUSA. University of California-San Diego CAUSA. University of Southern California Los AngelesCAUSA.

The Modified Picard-Chebyshev Method(MPCM)is implemented as an orbit propagation solver for a numerical optimization method that determines minimum time orbit transfer trajectory of a satellite using a series of multiple impulses at intermediate *** waypoints correspond to instantaneous impulses that are determined using a nonlinear constrained optimization routine,SNOPT with numerical force models for both Two-Body and J2 *** is found that using the MPCM increases run-time performance of the discretized lowthrust optimization method when compared to other sequential numerical solvers,such as Adams-Bashforth-Moulton and Gauss-Jackson 8th order methods.

关键词： Low Thrust Picard–Chebyshev Optimization Multi-Impulse Boundary Value Problem.

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Exploration of channel width scaling and edge states in transition metal dichalcogenides

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Nano Research 2018年第4期11卷 1768-1774页

作者： Feng Zhang Chia-Hui Lee joshua A. Robinson Joerg Appenzeller Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Brick Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA

We explore the impact of edge states in three types of transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDs）, namely metallic Td-phase WTe2 and semiconducting 2H-phase MoTe2 and MoS2, by patterning thin flakes into ribbons with varying channel widths. No obvious charge depletion at the edges is observed for any of these three materials, in contrast to observations made for graphene nanoribbon devices. The semiconducting ribbons are characterized in a three-terminal field-effect transistor （FET） geometry. In addition, two ribbon array designs have been carefully investigated and found to exhibit current levels higher than those observed for conventional one-channel devices. Our results suggest that device structures incorporating a high number of edges can improve the performance of TMD FETs. This improvement is attributed to a higher local electric field, resulting from the edges, increasing the effective number of charge carriers, and the absence of any detrimental edge-related scattering.

关键词： two-dimensional (2D)-layered materials edge states WTe2 MoTe2 MoS2 channel width scaling

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