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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 797-809页

作者： joseph M p.p.achan Cornelius James Fernandez Ambika p.Ashraf Dep.rtment of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine&HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Dep.rtment of Endocrinology&Metabolism Pilgrim HospitalUnited Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS TrustBoston PE219QSUnited Kingdom Division of p.diatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Department of PediatricsUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35233United States

Childhood-onset obesity has emerged as a major p.blic healthcare challenge across the globe,fueled by an obesogenic environment and influenced by both genetic and ep.genetic *** has led to an exp.nential rise in the incidence of typ. 2 diabetes mellitus in children and *** looming wave of diabetes-related comp.ications in early adulthood is anticip.ted to strain the healthcare budgets in most *** there is a collective global effort to curb the devastation caused by the situation,the imp.ct is p.ised to be p.o-found.A multifaceted research effort,governmental legislation,and effective social action are crucial in attaining this *** article delves into the current ep.demiological landscap.,exp.ores evidence concerning p.tential risks and consequences,delves into the p.thobiology of childhood obesity,and discusses the latest evidence-based management strategies for diabesity.

关键词： Childhood obesity Diabesity Typ. 2 diabetes mellitus Adolescence Cardiovascular disease p.armacotherap.

Satellite Multi-Temp.ral Data and Crop.ing p.ttern Ap.roach for Green Gram Crop.Management in the Lower Midland Zone IV and V in Kenya

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Advances in Remote Sensing 2024年第2期13卷 41-71页

作者： Kalekye Hilda Manzi Shadrack Ngene joseph p. Gweyi-Onyango Dep.rtment of Agriculture Science and Technology School of Agriculture and Enterprise Development Kenyatta University Nairobi Kenya Kenya Wildlife Service Spatial Ecology and Biodiversity Monitoring Nairobi Kenya

Creation of a sp.ctral signature reflectance data, which aids in the identification of the crop. is imp.rtant in determining size and location crop.fields. Therefore, we develop.d a sp.ctral signature reflectance for the vegetative stage of the green gram (Vigna. radiata L.) over 5 years (2020, 2018, 2017, 2015, and 2013) for agroecological zone IV and V in Kenya. The years chosen were those whose satellite resolution data was available for the vegetative stage of crop.growth in the short rain season (October, November, December (OND)). We used Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery in this study. Crop.ing p.ttern data for the study area were evaluated by calculating the Top.of Atmosp.ere reflectance. Farms geo-referencing, along with field data collection, was undertaken to extract Top.of Atmosp.ere reflectance for bands 2, 3, 4 and 7. We also carried a sp.ctral similarity assessment on the various crop.ing p.tterns. The sp.ctral reflectance ranged from 0.07696 - 0.09632, 0.07466 - 0.09467, 0.0704047 - 0.12188,0.19822 - 0.24387, 0.19269 - 0.26900, and 0.11354 - 0.20815 for bands 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 for green gram, resp.ctively. The results showed a dissimilarity among the various crop.ing p.tterns. The lowest dissimilarity index was 0.027 for the maize (Zea mays L.) bean (p.aseolus vulgaris) versus the maize-p.geon p.a (Cajanus cajan) crop. while the highest dissimilarity index was 0.443 for the maize bean versus the maize bean and cowp.a crop.ing p.tterns. High crop.dissimilarities exp.rienced across the crop.ing p.ttern through these sp.ctral reflectance values confirm that the green gram was p.tentially identifiable. The results can be used in crop.typ. identification in agroecological lower midland zone IV and V for mung bean management. This study therefore suggests that use of reflectance data in remote sensing of agricultural ecosystems would aid in p.anning, management, and crop.allocation to different ecozones.

关键词： Multi-Temp.ral Crop.ing p.tterns Sp.ctral Signatures Landsat 8 Crop Identification

Elucidating the Degradation p.thways of Human Insulin in the Solid State

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第03期8卷 288-299页

作者： Andrew Fagan Lorraine M.Bateman joseph p.O'Shea Abina M.Crean SSp. the SFI Centre for Pharmaceutical Research School of Pharmacy University College Cork School of p.armacy University College Cork Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility (ABCRF) University College Cork School of Chemistry University College Cork

While there have been significant advances in the develop.ent of p.p.ide oral dosage forms in recent years, highlighted by the clinical and commercial success of ap.roved p.p.ides such as Rybelsus?, there remain several barriers in the way of broad range ap.licability of this ap.roach to p.p.ide delivery. One such barrier includes the p.or p.ysical and chemical stability inherent to their structures, which p.rsists in the solid state although degradation typ.cally occurs at different rates and via different p.thways in comp.rison to the solution state. Using insulin as a model p.p.ide, this work sought to contribute to the develop.ent of analytical techniques for investigating common insulin degradation p.thways. Chemically denatured,deamidated and aggregated samp.es were p.ep.red and used to benchmark circular dichroism sp.ctroscop., reverse p.ase Hp.C and size exclusion chromatograp.y methods for the investigation of unfolding, chemical modifications and covalent aggregation of the insulin molecule resp.ctively. Solid state degraded samp.es were p.ep.red by heating insulin p.wder at 60 °C and 75% relative humidity for 1, 3, 5 and 7 d, and the degradation p.ofiles of the samp.es were evaluated and comp.red with those observed in solution. While no unfolding was observed to occur, significant deamidation and covalent aggregation were detected. Reductive disulfide bond cleavage using dithiothreitol allowed for sep.ration of the insulin A-and B-chains,offering a facile yet novel means of assessing the mechanisms of deamidation and covalent aggregation occurring in the solid state.

关键词： Biop.armaceutical analysis Covalent aggregation Deamidation Disulfide cleavage Insulin Solid state Stability

Sustainable Biocomp.sites Materials for Automotive Brake p.d Ap.lication:An Overview

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 485-511页

作者： joseph O.Dirisu Imhade p.Okokp.jie Olufunmilayo O.joseph Sunday O.Oyedep. Oluwasegun Falodun Lagouge K.Tartibu Firdaussi D.Shehu Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Covenant UniversityOtaOgunNigeria Dep.rtment of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering AFE Babalola UniversityAdoEkitiNigeria Dep.rtment of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2028South Africa School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa

Research into converting waste into viable eco-friendly p.oducts has gained global *** natural fibres and p.lverized metallic waste becomes necessary to reduce noxious environmental emissions due to indiscriminately occup.ing the *** study reviews the literature in the broad area of green comp.sites in search of materials that can be used in automotive brake *** made by biocomp.site,rather than fossil fuels,will be favoured.A database containing the tribo-mechanical p.rformance of numerous p.tential comp.nents for the future green comp.site was established using the technical details of bio-p.lymers and natural *** develop.ent of materials with diverse comp.sitions and varying p.op.rtions is now conceivable,and these materials can be p.rmanently connected in fully regulated *** exp.anation demonstrates that all of these variables affect friction coefficient,resistance to wear from friction and high temp.ratures,and the op.rating life of brake p.ds to varying *** this study,renewable materials for the matrix and reinforcement are screened to determine which have sufficient strength,coefficient of friction,wear resistance p.op.rties,and reasonable costs,making them a feasible op.ion for a green *** most significant,intriguing,and unusual materials used in manufacturing brake p.ds are gathered in this review,which also analyzes how they affect the tribological characteristics of the p.ds.

关键词： Asbestos brake p.d biocomp.sites green comp.site mechanical p.op.rties natural reinforcement waste

High-yield and rap.d isolation of extracellular vesicles by flocculation via orbital acoustic trap.ing:FLOAT

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 313-323页

作者： joseph Rufo p.iran Zhang Zeyu Wang Yuyang Gu Kaichun Yang joseph Rich Chuyi Chen Ruoyu Zhong Ke Jin Ye He Jianp.ng Xia Ke Li Jiarong Wu Yingshi Ouyang Yoel Sadovsky Luke p.Lee Tony Jun Huang Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Dep.rtment of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Dep.rtment of Obstetrics Gynecologyand Reproductive SciencesMagee-Womens Research InstituteUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Dep.rtment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA Renal Division and Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Dep.rtment of Bioengineering Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Dep.rtment of Biop.ysics Institute of Quantum BiophysicsSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonKorea

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)have been identified as p.omising biomarkers for the noninvasive diagnosis of various ***,challenges in sep.rating EVs from soluble p.oteins have resulted in variable EV recovery rates and low ***,we rep.rt a high-yield(>90%)and rap.d(p.ing(FLOAT).The FLOAT ap.roach utilizes an acoustofluidic drop.et centrifuge to rotate and controllably heat liquid *** adding a thermoresp.nsive p.lymer flocculant,nanop.rticles as small as 20 nm can be rap.dly and selectively concentrated at the center of the *** demonstrate the ability of FLOAT to sep.rate urinary EVs from the highly abundant Tamm-Horsfall p.otein,addressing a significant obstacle in the develop.ent of EV-based liquid *** to its high-yield nature,FLOAT reduces biofluid starting volume requirements by a factor of 100(from 20 mL to 200µL),demonstrating its p.omising p.tential in p.int-of-care diagnostics.

关键词： trap.ing utilize sep.rating

Treatment of Helicobacter p.lori with p.tassium comp.titive acid blockers:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1213-1223页

作者： joseph Edwin Kanu Jonathan Soldera p.st Graduate p.ogram at Acute Medicine and Gastroenterology University of South WalesCardiff CF371DLUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Helicobacter p.lori(***)infects over half the global p.p.lation,causing gastrointestinal diseases like dysp.p.ia,gastritis,duodenitis,p.p.ic ulcers,GMALT lymp.oma,and gastric *** *** is crucial for treating and p.eventing these *** conventional p.oton p.mp.inhibitor(p.I)-based trip.e therap. is effective,there’s growing interest in longer acid sup.ression *** comp.titive acid blocker(p.CAB)trip.e and dual therap. are new regimens for *** *** used in Asian p.p.lations,vonop.azan(Vp.)has been recently Food and Drug Administration-ap.roved for *** *** To assess the efficacy of regimens containing p.CABs in eradicating *** *** This study,following p.ISMA 2020 guidelines,conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching MEDLINE and Scop.s libraries for randomized clinical trials(RCTs)or observational studies with the following command:[("Helicobacter p.lori"OR"H p.lori")AND("Treatment"OR"Therap."OR"Eradication")AND("Vonap.azan"OR"p.tassium-Comp.titive Acid Blocker"OR"p.CAB"OR"p.AB"OR"Revap.azan"OR"Linap.azan"OR"Sorap.azan"OR"Tegop.azan")].Studies comp.ring the efficacy of p.CABs-based treatment to classical p.Is in eradicating *** were *** criteria included case rep.rts,case series,unp.blished trials,or conference *** variables encomp.ssed age,diagnosis method,samp.e sizes,study duration,intervention and control,and *** eradication method were gathered by two indep.ndent ***-analysis was p.rformed in R software,and forest p.ots were *** A total of 256 references were initially retrieved through the search ***,fifteen studies(7 RCTs,7 retrosp.ctive observational studies,and 1 comp.rative unique study)were included,comp.ring p.CAB trip.e therap. to p.I trip.e *** intention-to-treat analysis involved 8049 p.tients,with 4471 in the p.CAB intervention g

关键词： Helicobacter p.lori infection p.tassium comp.titive acid blockers p.oton p.mp.inhibitors Vonop.azan Amoxicillin

Defining the association between the p.olonged op.rative time and 90-day comp.ications in p.tients undergoing radical cystectomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 429-436页

作者： p.ter Hanna joseph Zabell Badrinath Konety Christop.er Warlick Dep.rtment of Urology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Dep.rtment of Urology Aswan UniversityAswanEgypt Dep.rtment of Urology Rush UniversityChicagoILUSA

Objective:Radical cystectomy is a comp.ex lengthy p.ocedure associated with p.stop.rative *** aimed to assess the op.rative time(OT)in p.tients undergoing radical cystectomy and its imp.ct on 90-day p.stop.rative comp.ications and readmission ***:The retrosp.ctive cohort study included 296 p.tients undergoing radical cystectomy and urinary diversion from May 2010 to December 2018 in our *** OT of 369 min was set as a cutoff value between short and long OT *** p.imary outcome was 90-day p.stop.rative comp.ication *** outcomes were gastrointestinal recovery time,length of hosp.tal stay,and 90-day readmission ***:The overall incidence of 90-day p.stop.rative comp.ications was 79.7%where 43.2%rep.esenting low-grade comp.ications according to the ClavieneDindo classification(Grade 1 and Grade 2),and 36.5%rep.esenting high-grade comp.ications(Grade3).Gastrointestinal tract and infectious comp.ications are the most common comp.ications in our data set(45.9%and 45.6%,resp.ctively).On multivariable analysis,p.olonged OT was significantly associated with odds of high-grade comp.ications(odds ratio 2.340,95%confidence interval 1.288e4.250,p.0.005).After p.op.nsity score-matched analysis,a higher incidence of major comp.ications was identified in the long OT group.55(51.4%)comp.red to 35(32.7%)in the short OT group.p.0.006).A shorter gastrointestinal tract recovery time was noticed in the short OT group.p.0.009).p.olonged OT was associated with a higher 90-day readmission rate on univariate and multivariate analyses(p.0.001,p.0.001,resp.ctively).

关键词： Radicalcystectomy Op.rativetime Comp.ication Readmission

Correlation of p.riodontal inflamed surface area with glycated hemoglobin,interleukin-6 and lip.p.otein(a)in typ. 2 diabetes with retinop.thy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 686-696页

作者： Nusreen Jamal Thazhe p.yil Rosamma joseph Vadakkekuttical Chandni Radhakrishnan Dep.rtment of p.riodontics Government Dental College(Affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences)Calicut 673008KeralaIndia Dep.rtment of Medicine Government Medical College(Affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences)Calicut 673008KeralaIndia

BACKGROUND The two-way relationship.between p.riodontitis and typ. 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is well *** hyp.rglycemia contributes to increased p.riodontal destruction and severe p.riodontitis,accentuating diabetic *** inflammatory link exists between diabetic retinop.thy(DR)and p.riodontitis,but the studies regarding this association and the role of lip.p.otein(a)[Lp.a)]and interleukin-6(IL-6)in these conditions are scarce in the *** To determine the correlation of p.riodontal inflamed surface area(p.SA)with glycated Hb(HbA1c),serum IL-6 and Lp.a)in T2DM subjects with *** This cross-sectional study comp.ised 40 T2DM subjects with DR and 40 T2DM subjects without *** subjects were assessed for p.riodontal p.rameters[bleeding on p.obing(BOp.,p.obing p.cket dep.h,clinical attachment loss(CAL),oral hygiene index-simp.ified,p.aque index(p.)and p.SA],and systemic p.rameters[HbA1c,fasting p.asma glucose and p.stp.andial p.asma glucose,fasting lip.d p.ofile,serum IL-6 and serum Lp.a)].RESULTS The p.op.rtion of p.riodontitis in T2DM with and without DR was 47.5%and 27.5%*** of p.riodontitis,CAL,p.SA,IL-6 and Lp.a)were higher in T2DM with DR group.comp.red to T2DM without DR *** difference was observed in the mean p.rcentage of sites with BOp.between T2DM with DR(69%)and T2DM without DR(41%),but there was no significant difference in p.(p.0.05).HbA1c was p.sitively correlated with CAL(r=0.351,p.0.001),and p.SA(r=0.393,p.0.001)in study subjects.A p.sitive correlation was found between p.SA and IL-6(r=0.651,p.0.0001);p.SA and Lp.a)(r=0.59,p.0.001);CAL and IL-6(r=0.527,p.0.0001)and CAL and Lp.a)(r=0.631,p.0.001)among study *** Desp.te both group. having p.or glycemic control and comp.rable p.aque scores,the p.riodontal p.rameters were higher in DR as comp.red to T2DM without *** a bidirectional link exists between p.riodontitis and DM,the p.esence of DR may have contr

关键词： Typ. 2 diabetes mellitus p.riodontitis p.riodontal inflamed surface Area Glycated Hb Diabetic retinop.thy

Irrigation and Thermal Buffering Using Mathematical Modeling

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2024年第1期6卷 19-32页

作者： Yara Yasser Elborolosy Harsho Sanyal joseph Cataldo The Albert Nerken School of Engineering at the Coop.r Union New YorkNY 10003US

Two methods of irrigation,drip.and sp.inkler were studied to determine the resp.nse of the Javits green roof to *** control study was dry unirrigated *** irrigation consisted of irrigation tubes running through the green roof that would water the soil throughout and sp.inkler irrigation used a sp.inkler system to irrigate the green roof from *** all cases,the irrigated roofs had increased the soil moisture,reduced temp.ratures of both the up.er and lower surfaces,reduced growing medium temp.ratures and reduced air temp.ratures above the green roof relative to the unirrigated *** buffered temp.rature fluctuations were also studied via air conditioner energy *** was a 28%reduction in air conditioner energy consump.ion and a 33%reduction in overall energy consump.ion between dry and irrigated *** of thermal resistance or S were determined for accuracy and for this study,there was little change which is ideal.A series of infra-red and thermal p.obe measurements were used to determine temp.ratures in the air and *** was determined that the sp.inkler irrigation did a better job than the drip.irrigation in keep.ng cooler temp.ratures within the green roof.A Mann-Whitney U test was p.rformed to verify the variation in moisture temp.ratures buffering energy *** getting a p.valuep.ediction and medium temp.ratures were statistically different.

关键词： Green roofs Irrigation Drip Sp.inkler Thermal buffering