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Effect of Elevated CO_2 and Drought on Soil Microbial Communities Associated with Andropogon gerardii

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第11期50卷 1406-1415页

作者： Issmat I. Kassem Puneet Joshi yon Sigler Scott Heckathorn Qi Wang Department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo Ohio 43606 USA Department of Civil Engineering University of Toledo Ohio 43606 USA

Our understanding of the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2, singly and in combination with other environmental changes, on plant-soil interactions is incomplete. Elevated CO2 effects on C4 plants, though smaller than on C3 species, are mediated mostly via decreased stomatal conductance and thus water loss. Therefore, we characterized the interactive effect of elevated CO2 and drought on soil microbial communities associated with a dominant C4 prairie grass, Andropogon gerardii Vitman. Elevated CO2 and drought both affected resources available to the soil microbial community. For example, elevated CO2 increased the soil C：n ratio and water content during drought, whereas drought alone decreased both. Drought significantly decreased soil microbial biomass. In contrast, elevated CO2 increased biomass while ameliorating biomass decreases that were induced under drought. Total and active direct bacterial counts and carbon substrate use （overall use and number of used sources） increased significantly under elevated CO2. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis revealed that drought and elevated CO2, singly and combined, did not affect the soil bacteria community structure. We conclude that elevated CO2 alone increased bacterial abundance and microbial activity and carbon use, probably in response to increased root exudation. Elevated CO2 also limited drought-related impacts on microbial activity and biomass, which likely resulted from decreased plant water use under elevated CO2. These are among the first results showing that elevated CO2 and drought work in opposition to modulate plant-associated soil-bacteria responses, which should then influence soil resources and plant and ecosystem function.

关键词： denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis drought elevated CO2 soil microbial communities.

How has the disease course of pediatric ulcerative colitis changed throughout the biologics era?A comparison with the IBSEn study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第28期28卷 3666-3681页

作者： Yiyoung Kwon Eun Sil Kim yon Ho Choe Mi Jin Kim Department of Pediatrics Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea Department of Pediatrics Kangbuk Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 03181South Korea

BACKGROUnD In Korea,infliximab was approved for use in children with ulcerative colitis(UC)in October *** To compare the clinical course of UC before and after the introduction of biological agents,and to compare with the IBSEn *** Patients under 18 years of age,who were diagnosed with UC and followed from January 2003 to October 2020,were included in the *** A(n=48)was followed for at least 2 years between January 2003 and October 2012,and Group B(n=62)was followed for at least 2 years between november 2012 and October *** compared endoscopic remission,drug composition,relapse rate,steroidfree period,and the quality of life of each *** plotted the clinical course of the included patients using the pediatric UC activity index score,and compared our patients with those in the IBSEn *** After 2 years of treatment,colonoscopy evaluation revealed different outcomes in the two treatment *** was confirmed in 14 patients(29.2%)of Group A,and in 31 patients(50.0%)of Group B(Pn cumulative corticosteroid-free period was 3.0 years in Group A and 4.4 years in Group ***-free period of Group B was significantly longer than that of Group A(Pnificant difference between the two groups in evaluation of the relapse rate during the observation period(Pnical course graphs of Group A showed similar proportions to the graphs in the IBSEn ***,in Group B,the proportion of patients corresponding to curve 1(remission or mild severity after initial high activity)was high at 76%(47/62).COnCLUSIOn The incidence of relapse has decreased and the steroid-free period has increased after the introduction of the biological *** clinical course also showed a different pattern from that of IBSEn *** active use of biological agents may change the long-term disease course in moderate to severe pediatric UC.

关键词： Colitis Ulcerative Children Infliximab Relapse Steroid

Fitness consequences of altering floral circadian oscillations for nicotiana attenuata

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第3期59卷 180-189页

作者： Felipe yon Danny Kessler Youngsung Joo Lucas Cortes Llorca Sang-Gyu Kim Ian T. Baldwin Department of Molecular Ecology Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Hans-Knoll-Straβe 8 D-07745 Jena Germany Center for Genome Engineering Institute for Basic Science Yuseong-gu 34047 Daeieon South Korea

Ecological interactions between flowers and pollinators are all about timing. Flower opening/closing and scent emissions are largely synchronized with pollinator activity, and a circadian clock regulates these rhythms. However, whether the circadian clock increases a plant＇s reproductive success by regulating these floral rhythms remains untested. Flowers of nicotiana attenuata, a wild tobacco, diurnally and rhythmically open, emit scent and move vertically through a 140° arc to interact with nocturnal hawkmoths. We tethered flowers to evaluate the importanceof flower positions for Manduca flower position dramatically sexta-mediated pollinations; nfluenced pollination. We examined the pollination success of phase-shifted flowers, silenced in circadian clock genes, naZTL, naLHY, and naTOCI, by RnAi. Circadian rhythms in n. attenuata flowers are responsible for altered seed set from outcrossed pollen.

关键词： yonggen Lou Zhejiang University China

Arabidopsis STAY-GREEn2 Is a negative Regulator of Chlorophyll Degradation during Leaf Senescence

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Molecular Plant 2014年第8期7卷 1288-1302页

作者： Yasuhito Sakuraba So-yon Park Ye-Sol Kim Seung-Hyun Wang Soo-Cheul Yoo Stefan Hortensteiner nam-Chon Paek Department of Plant Science Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul NationalUniversity Seoul 151-921 Korea Present address: Department of Plant Pathology Physiology and Weed Science Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA Present address: Advanced Radiation Technology Institute Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Jeongeup 580-185 Korea Department of Plant & Environmental Science Hankyong National University Ansung 456-749 Korea Institute of Plant Biology University of Zurich CH-8008 Zurich Switzerland

Chlorophyll （Chl） degradation causes leaf yellowing during senescence or under stress conditions. For Chl breakdown, STAY-GREEn1 （SGR1） interacts with Chl catabolic enzymes （CCEs） and light-harvesting complex II （LHCII） at the thylakoid membrane, possibly to allow metabolic channeling of potentially phototoxic Chl breakdown intermediates. Among these Chl catabolic components, SGR1 acts as a key regulator of leaf yellowing. In addition to SGR1 （At4g22920）, the Arabidopsis thaliana genome contains an additional homolog, SGR2 （At4g11910）, whose biological function remains elusive. Under senescence-inducing conditions, SGR2 expression is highly up-regulated, similarly to SGR1 expression. Here we show that SGR2 function counteracts SGR1 activity in leaf Chl degradation; SGR2-overexpressing plants stayed green and the sgr2-1 knockout mutant exhibited early leaf yellowing under age-, dark-, and stress-induced senescence conditions. Like SGR1, SGR2 interacted with LHCII but, in contrast to SGR1, SGR2 interactions with CCEs were very limited. Furthermore, SGR1 and SGR2 formed homo- or heterodimers, strongly suggesting a role for SGR2 in negatively regulat- ing Chl degradation by possibly interfering with the proposed CCE-recruiting function of SGR1. Our data indicate an antagonistic evolution of the functions of SGR1 and SGR2 in Arabidopsis to balance Chl catabolism in chloroplasts with the dismantling and remobilizing of other cellular components in senescing leaf cells.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana stay-green SGR1 SGR2 chlorophyll degradation leaf senescence abiotic stress.

Atypical group 1 neuraminidase pH1n1-n1 bound to a group 1 inhibitor

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Protein & Cell 2015年第10期6卷 771-773页

作者： Ying Wu Christopher J. Vavricka Yan Wu Qina Li Santosh Rudrawar Robin J.Thomson Mark yon Itzstein George F. Gao Jianxun Qi CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Institute for Glycomics Griffith University Gold Coast Campus Nathan QLD 4222 Australia

Influenza virus is a member of the Orthomyxoviridae family and is the causative agent of seasonal and pandemic flu.

关键词： Influenza Influenza Virus Oseltamivir Plaque Reduction Assay I149V Mutant

新时代提升高校学生党建工作有效性的路径分析

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乐山师范学院学报 2019年第5期34卷 123-129页

作者：冉勇罗刚王倩乐山师范学院科技处四川乐山614000 乐山师范学院保卫处四川乐山614000 西华大学马克思主义学院四川成都610000

在新的时代背景下,高校学生党建工作面临着机遇与挑战并存的局面,如何抓住机遇、战胜挑战,就需要不断优化路径,提升高校学生党建工作的有效性。文章从高校学生党建工作路径的实施角度出发,分析并总结出当前高校学生党建工作的路径呈现... 详细信息

在新的时代背景下,高校学生党建工作面临着机遇与挑战并存的局面,如何抓住机遇、战胜挑战,就需要不断优化路径,提升高校学生党建工作的有效性。文章从高校学生党建工作路径的实施角度出发,分析并总结出当前高校学生党建工作的路径呈现出多元化的发展态势的同时,也存在高校学生党建工作有效性不足的缺陷。为了进一步提升高校学生党建工作的有效性,需从路径的选择与创新、整合与控制、结合与提升、保障与优化等方面进行思考,以期实现学生党建工作路径的系统化和前瞻性。

关键词：当代大学生大学生党建路径分析有效性

抗甲型流感病毒短发夹状RnA分子的体外生物合成及功能鉴定

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第三军医大学学报 2009年第10期31卷 955-958页

作者：郭述良罗永艾重庆医科大学附属第一医院呼吸内科重庆400016

目的制备抗甲型流感病毒短发夹状RnA分子(short hairpin RnA,shRnA),并鉴定其功能。方法针对甲型流感病毒(influenza A virus,IAV)核壳蛋白(nucleoprotein,nP)和酸性RnA多聚酶(acidic RnA polymerase,PA)编码mRnA高度保守区序列设计并制备编码shRnA的双链DnA转录模板,分别将其插入pGenSil-1质粒,构建nP-shRnA和PA-shRnA表达载体,测序正确后,采以T7转录试剂盒制备nP-shRnA和PA-shRnA。将所制备的2种shRnAs分别或联合转入人气道上皮细胞(human bronchial epithelium,HBE),然后感染IAV A/PR8株,通过测定HBE细胞病变效应(cyto-pathogenic effect,CPE)、培养上清液病毒滴度以及nP、PA mRnA与蛋白表达水平,评估所制备的shRnAs对IAV A/PR8在HBE细胞中复制的抑制效果。结果编码shRnA的2种双链DnA转录模板序列正确。通过体外转录技术制备的nP-shRnA、PA-shRnA每100μl含量分别为59.4、50.6nmol,纯度均在2.0以上,浓度和纯度均高。与未转染shRnA的对照组比较,nP-shRnA、PA-shRnA、nP-shRnA+PA-shRnA转染组细胞内nP mRnA分别减少41.7%、44.1%和68.5%,PAmRnA分别减少43.4%、60.9%和73.7%,nP蛋白表达分别降低92.3%、84.0%和91.7%,CPE显著减轻,培养上清液病毒滴度显著下降。结论成功构建了2种抗IAV短发夹RnA分子,所制备的nP-shRnA、PA-shRnA对IAV A/PR8株在HBE细胞中复制有显著的抑制效果。

关键词：流感病毒,甲型短发夹状RnA分子 RnA干扰

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毛细管离子分析法测定人发中钙和锌

理化检验（化学分册） 2006年第9期42卷 717-718,720页

作者：舒友琴童岩郑州牧业工程高等专科学校郑州450008

适量人发试样经洗涤、冲洗，并于60℃干燥至恒重后称取1．000g于600℃灰化后用盐酸（1＋1）溶解残渣，溶液定容为100mL供CIA分析。在10mmol·L^-1咪唑、10mmol·L^-1。α-羟基乙酸、pH4．0的电泳介质中，两离子在10min内实现了分离。以... 详细信息

适量人发试样经洗涤、冲洗，并于60℃干燥至恒重后称取1．000g于600℃灰化后用盐酸（1＋1）溶解残渣，溶液定容为100mL供CIA分析。在10mmol·L^-1咪唑、10mmol·L^-1。α-羟基乙酸、pH4．0的电泳介质中，两离子在10min内实现了分离。以间接紫外法检测（214nm），外标法定量。钙（Ⅱ）及锌（Ⅱ）的峰面积与其质量浓度之间在0．5～40mg·L^-1范围内呈线性关系，相关系数分别为0．9991和0．9989，检出限（S／n：3）为0．1和O．2mg·L^-1，回收率在97．9%～102．5％之间，相对标准偏差小于2．5％。

关键词：毛细管电泳毛细管离子分析间接紫外检测人发钙锌

Coating of finely dispersed particles by two-fluid nozzle

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Particuology 2018年第3期16卷 80-93页

作者： n. Hampel E. Roydeva A. Buck E. Tsotsas Thermal Process Engineering Otto yon Guericke University Universitatsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany

Particle coatings are used extensively to generate dispersed solids with well-defined properties, e.g., to protect active ingredients, with most coating processes using core particles of a diameter larger than 200 μm. This work contributes to the development of a coating process for fine dispersed particles （diam- eter less than 50 μm） by combining two particle-formulation processes, namely, coating and spray drying. The feasibility of the operation is based on and demonstrated by the innovative application of a two-fluid nozzle. Experiments were conducted by using glass particles as core particles and sodium benzoate as the coating agent. The coating of finely dispersed particles is achieved by the spraying of particles and coating solution as a homogeneous suspension. The aim is to create droplets with only one contained particle at the nozzle outlet. After evaporation of the water in the droplet, a thin solid film is built on the particle surface. The suspension viscosity was measured and compared with empirical equations from the literature. The liquid-film thickness on the particle surface was calculated to predict the building of a uniform coating layer or agglomerates. In this study, the feasibility of pneumatic transport through the nozzle and an investigation of the process were illustrated. The agglomeration fraction and degree of coating of the particle surface were analyzed optically by scanning electron microscopy. In this way, the influence of different processes and suspension parameters on the product quality were determined.

关键词： Coating Spray drying Fine dispersed particle Two-fluid nozzle