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Peroxide Index, Trans Fatty Acids, Acrylamide and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pah) Contents in Frying Oils and Fried Tuna Fish Involved in “Garba” Production in Côte d’Ivoire

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第8期10卷 947-962页

作者： Massogbè Diabate Daouda Nimaga Charlemagne Nindjin Virgile Ahyi joseph dossou N’Guessan Geoges Amani Laboratory of Food Biochemistry and Tropical Products Transformation (LBATPT) University of Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Department of Engineering Agronomy Forest and Environment University of Man Man C&#244 te d’Ivoire Laboratory of IRGIB Africa Institute IRGIB Africa Institute of Cotonou Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Food Processing Bioengineering (LABIOPA) University of Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin

This current study aims at determining the profile and contents of degradation compounds produced during the interaction between the frying oils and tuna fish involved in the cooking of “Garba”, a street food largely consumed in Côte d’Ivoire. For this purpose, the peroxide index and the neoformed compounds, especially trans fatty acids, acrylamid, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined. This trial was carried out on 90 samples of frying oils and fried tuna fish collected from restaurant owners of “Garba” food in three locations in Abidjan. The samples were divided into three groups (G1, G2, and G3) according to the similarity of the practices adopted by the restorers. The results show that the peroxide values (14.95;15.01 and 11.97 meqO2/kg) of the oils respectively for G2, G3, and G1 are higher than the values fixed by the Codex Alimentarius. The trans fatty acid contents of the frying oils were 56.80%;61.01% and 55.18% respectively for G3, G2 and G1. The average acrylamide content of fried Tuna (69.43 μg/kg) is higher than the value recorded in the cooking oil (19.99 μg/kg). The average contents of the eleven HAPs determined in the oils are higher than those of the Tuna. The Benzo (a) pyrene contents of both matrices are lower than the EU standard 1881/2011 except for the G2 oil (2.66 μg/kg). Increased consumption of “Garba” may pose health risks to consumers as practices of frying Tuna generate compounds that are harmful to human health.

关键词： Garba Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Trans-Fatty Acids Acrylamide

Buds Reactivity and Factors Promoting Shoots Proliferation and Rooting of Cashew Seedlings Using in Vitro Tissue Culture Process

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2022年第9期13卷 388-400页

作者： Bénédicte Sophie Adjoua Akakpo Arnaud Agbidinoukoun Corneille Ahanhanzo Gilles Habib Todjro Cacai Bienvenu Témidouan Badou Serge Houedjissin joseph dossou Central Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Plant Breeding Faculty of Sciences and Technique University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Benin Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Tissue culture techniques are widely used for the mass propagation of many species. In cashew in vitro propagation, some protocols need to be established at this end. The present work was carried out to evaluate the conditions for in vitro regeneration of cashew seedlings from micropropagation by organogenesis on Benin genotypes. Nodal explants from one-month-old cashew seedlings in the greenhouse and cotyledonary nodes from in vitro germination were used for this purpose. BAP and kinetin were evaluated alone at 2.2 mg/L and then the combination of 2.2 mg/L BAP + 0.2 mg/L IBA was also evaluated. The response of axillary bud proliferation on explants was obtained with both cotyledonary nodes and axillary buds from different combinations of growth regulators. However, the best responses were recorded with cotyledonary nodes. When 2.2 mg/L BAP was used, 80% of the explants responded with numerous proliferation (5 to 8) buds (5.75 ± 0.12) with good shoot length (6.73 ± 0.3 cm) on MS medium containing 150 mL coconut water. Rooting was observed with the combination of NAA (2.5 mg/l) + IBA (2.5 mg/l) on 1/2 MS containing 40 g/l sucrose.

关键词： Micropropagation Cashew Elite Genotypes Buds In Vitro Regeneration Organogenesis

Effect of Climate Variability on Yams (<i>Dioscorea spp</i>.) Production in Central and Northern Benin

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American Journal of Climate Change 2020年第4期9卷 423-440页

作者： Fiacre Hermann Adifon Gilbert Atindogbé Daouda Orou Bello Ibouraïman Balogoun Ibouraïma Yabi joseph dossou Léonard Ahoton Aliou Saïdou Integrated Soil and Crop Management (ISCM) Unit Soil Sciences Laboratory School of Plant Production Sciences and Techniques Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Study and Research in Applied and Biometric Statistics (LERSAB) Faculty of Agronomic Sciences (FSA) of the University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Plant Biology Laboratory School of Plant Production Sciences and Techniques Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Pierre PAGNEY Laboratory “Climate Water Ecosystem and Development” University of Abomey-Calavi Faculty of Letters Arts and Human Sciences Department of Geography and Spatial Planning Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Bioengineering of Food Processes (LABIOPA) Faculty of Agronomic Sciences (FSA) University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Climate change poses an important constraint to agricultural sector and food security in tropical African countries dominated by rain-fed agriculture. This research focuses on the effects of climate variability on yam production in central and northern Benin. Daily climate data such as temperatures, precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, relative humidity and insolation from 1981 to 2016 were collected at the direction of METEO-Benin. A survey was then conducted with 351 producers to collect their perceptions of the effect of climate variability on the yams production. Descriptive statistics, principal component analysis (PCA) followed by trend analyses, Lamb index calculations and the agro-climatic stress index were carried out. The distribution of rain during the yam cycle (91.5% of those surveyed), the ambient temperature (84.9%), insolation (83.5%), the amount of rainwater that fell during the rainy season (82.2%) and the harmattan (53.3%) are perceived by sociolinguistic groups as climatic factors affecting the growth, the tuberization and yield of yams according to the producers. The results indicate an upward trend in temperature over the period 2001 to 2016 in the transition zone (28.4°C) and in the Northeast (27.76°C) and over the period from 2001 to 2011 in the North-West of Benin (27.71°C), where the average annual temperature during these periods is higher than normal (27.82°C in the center, 27.44°C in the Northeast and 27.42°C to the northwest). This research also shows an instability of the rains with a regular decrease in the rainfall in the Centre and the North-East of the country. The agro-climatic stress index (ISA) and above all the annual rainfall constitute the main climatic factors which determine

关键词： Yam Climate Variability Yield Food Security Benin

Survey of Cereal Consumption Habits in the Community of Djougou, Benin

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2023年第9期14卷 843-863页

作者： Mouhamed N. El-Hadji Alassane Moutawakilou J. Kisito Chabi-Sika Agossou D. P. Noumavo Haziz Sina joseph dossou Lamine Baba-Moussa Farid Baba-Moussa Laboratoire de Microbiologie et des Technologies Alimentaires Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin Agro Sciences Laboratory (ASL) Abomey-Calavi Bénin Agence Béninoise de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments Ministère de l’Agriculture de l’Elevage et de la Pèche Cotonou Bénin Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin Laboratoire de Bioingénierie des Procédés Alimentaires Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin

The cereal group occupies a prominent place in the dietary habits of people in northern Benin and there is little recent information on cereal consumption. This study aims to assess the consumption, acquisition and supply of cereals to households in the community of Djougou. A semi-directive survey with KoBoCollect was conducted among 369 households to collect individual cereal food consumption data. The survey data processed by statistical tools showed that the most consumed cereals are maize (95%, p = 0.887), millet (58%, p = 0.755), rice (55%, p = 0.753), sorghum (15%, p = 0.635), wheat (5%, p = 0.920) and fonio barely 5%. The most common mode of acquisition in Djougou is purchase (50%, p = 0.947) but donation is also observed (25%, p = 0.988) as well as production observed in 20.6% of households. Purchases are made from retailers in local markets (45%, p = 0.920) but also in streets and alleys (30%, p = 0.765). The most widely used preservation technique is drying at room temperature (70%, p = 0.995). Households most often dry in the areas provided in the field (50%, p = 0.783) and at home (40%, p = 0.643). The preferred storage location is the kitchen (60%, p = 0.790). The bedroom (20%, 0.669) and the store (15%, 0.522) are the alternative places for storing cereals. In addition, the supply costs of cereals increased between 2020 and 2021. This vertiginous rise in prices is due, among other things, to the covid19 pandemic. The various data generated not only make it possible to have fresh data but also to invest them in the assessment of health risks for the achievement of a high level of protection of the health and life of consumers.

关键词： Cereals Survey Consumption Data Food Safety Benin

A Recursive Binary Tree Model for the Analysis of the Response to Antiretroviral Therapy of HIV Infected Adults in Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Statistics 2019年第6期9卷 643-656页

作者： Simon Tiendrébéogo Séni Kouanda Blaise Somé Simplice dossou-Gbeté Laboratoire d’Analyse Numérique d’Informatique et de BIOmathématiques Université Ouaga I Pr Joseph KI ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Département Biomédical et Santé Publique Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour E2S UPPA CNRS LMAP Pau France

In this paper we aim to analyse temporal variation of CD4 cell counts for HIV-infected individuals under antiretroviral therapy by using statistical methods. This is achieved by resorting to recursive binary regression tree approach [1]?[2]. This approach has made it possible to highlight the existence of several segments of the population of interest described by the interactions between the predictive covariates of the response to the treatment regimen.

关键词： Model-Based Conditional Regression Tree CD4 Cell Count Prediction Linear Mixed Model Stability Analysis Antiretroviral Therapy